中国组织工程研究

• 组织构建学术探讨 tissue construction academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

衰老骨骼肌蛋白质的合成与抵抗**★

王顺利,史仍飞   

  1. 上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海市  200438
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-03 修回日期:2012-10-24 出版日期:2013-04-09 发布日期:2013-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 史仍飞,博士,副教授,上海体育学院运动科学学院运动生化与营养教研室,上海市 200438 rfshi@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:王顺利★,男,1986年生,河南省开封市人,汉族,上海体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动人体科学方面的研究。 qimeng2000@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年项目 (30800542);上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室(上海体育学院) 项目(11DZ2261100)。

Protein synthesis and resistance in aging skeletal muscle

Wang Shun-li, Shi Reng-fei   

  1. School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai  200438, China
  • Received:2012-09-03 Revised:2012-10-24 Online:2013-04-09 Published:2013-04-09
  • Contact: Shi Reng-fei, Doctor, Associate professor, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China rfshi@hotmail.com
  • About author:Wang Shun-li★, Studying for master’s degree, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China qimeng2000@126.com
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China for the Youth, No. 30800542*; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Sport Competence Development and Maintenance (Shanghai University of Sport), No. 11DZ2261100*

摘要:

背景:老年人随增龄出现的骨骼肌丢失现象称为骨骼肌衰老,通常表现为骨骼肌质量的丢失和力量的下降。其主要原因是衰老骨骼肌对骨骼肌蛋白合成刺激(补充蛋白质和运动)的敏感性下降,也即衰老出现了“蛋白质合成抵抗”现象。
目的:从概念、可能机制和干预手段等方面对衰老骨骼肌蛋白质合成抵抗进行综述,为探究营养和运动等干预手段来预防和延缓骨骼肌衰老提供理论依据。
方法:应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库和中国期刊网2000年1月至2011年12月相关文献。英文检索词为“skeletal muscle, aging,resistance training,protein”;中文检索词为“骨骼肌衰老,抗阻运动,蛋白质”。纳入标准:①观点明确,论点论据可靠的实验性文章。②与骨骼肌衰老以及相关内容的文章。排除标准:①与文章目的无关的内容。②重复性研究。
结果与结论:随着年龄的增长,老年人骨骼肌对较低浓度的氨基酸敏感性下降,蛋白质合成速率减弱,即出现“蛋白质合成抵抗”。研究表明蛋白质补充及抗阻运动可促进老年人骨骼肌蛋白质合成。而抗阻运动并结合蛋白质补充对老年人骨骼肌蛋白质合成的影响更加明显。但是老年人补充蛋白质的量,抗阻运动的强度以及何时补充蛋白质仍需做进一步的研究。

关键词: 组织构建, 组织构建学术探讨, 蛋白质合成抵抗, 骨骼肌衰老, 抗阻运动, 蛋白质补充, 老年人, 骨骼肌衰减综合征, 运动量, 氨基酸, 合成速率, 膳食干预, 国家自热科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia will become more serious with aging, presenting with the loss of muscle mass and muscle strength. Further studies reveal that the rates of synthesis and breakdown of muscle protein fail to change with aging, and it is the protein synthesis resistance which appears in aging skeletal muscle that leads to sarcopenia. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the concepts, mechanisms and interventions of protein synthesis resistance, which could be the references for nutrition and exercise interventions to prevent and slow skeletal muscle aging.
METHODS: The databases of PubMed and CNKI (2000-01/2011-12) were retrieved by computer with key words of “skeletal muscle, aging, resistance training, protein” both in Chinese and English. The following literatures were included: (1) Experimental papers with reliable arguments; (2) Papers concerning skeletal muscle aging. The papers unrelated to this paper’s aim or repeatability studies were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Protein synthesis resistance appears in aging skeletal muscle that leads to
sarcopenia. Protein and resistance training are involved in protein synthesis. Further research is still needed on the amount of protein supplement, resistance exercise intensity and when to add protein in old people.

Key words: tissue construction, tissue construction academic discussion, protein synthesis and resistance, skeletal muscle aging, resistance exercise, protein supplement, elderly, skeletal muscle attenuation syndrome, physical activity, amino acids, synthesis rate, dietary intervention, National Natural Science Foundation of China

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