中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (8): 1174-1181.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2497

• 脊柱组织构建 spinal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

人黄韧带细胞骨化发生过程中的自噬

许国峰,李学斌,唐一钒,赵  寅,周盛源,陈雄生,贾连顺   

  1. 解放军第二军医大学上海长征医院骨科医院脊柱外科,上海市  200003
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-10 修回日期:2019-07-16 接受日期:2019-08-21 出版日期:2020-03-18 发布日期:2020-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈雄生,博士,博士生导师,主任医师,教授,解放军第二军医大学上海长征医院骨科医院脊柱外科,上海市 200003
  • 作者简介:许国峰,男,1987年生,浙江省杭州市人,汉族,2019年解放军第二军医大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱韧带骨化病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81171753);上海市科学技术委员会项目(15140903800)

The role of autophagy in ossification of the human ligamentum flavum

Xu Guofeng, Li Xuebin, Tang Yifan, Zhao Yin, Zhou Shengyuan, Chen Xiongsheng, Jia Lianshun   

  1. Spine Center, Hospital of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Received:2019-07-10 Revised:2019-07-16 Accepted:2019-08-21 Online:2020-03-18 Published:2020-01-21
  • Contact: Chen Xiongsheng, MD, PhD, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Spine Center, Hospital of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • About author:Xu Guofeng, Master, Physician, Spine Center, Hospital of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 81171753; the Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai, No. 15140903800

摘要:

文题释义:

黄韧带骨化症:是由于脊柱黄韧带发生骨向分化而形成的一种韧带骨化疾病,常导致椎管狭窄,造成脊髓受压,并产生不可逆损害,出现肢体感觉障碍,严重的将导致瘫痪。目前对黄韧带骨化病因学研究取得了一定的进展,但其具体的发病机制仍未完全明确。

自噬:因外界或自身环境的改变,细胞器和胞内蛋白通过溶酶体进行分解消化并重新利用,从而达到适应外界环境、维持细胞内环境稳定的过程,是真核细胞特有一种表现形式。

MAPK信号通路:是生物体内重要的信号转导系统之一,它可以被物理应激、炎性细胞因子、生长因子以及细胞复合物等一系列细胞外信号或刺激激活,从而参与介导细胞生长、发育、分裂以及分化等多种生理及病理过程。在哺乳动物细胞中MAPK信号通路的主要信号分子包括ERK1/2、JNK以及P38等。

背景:黄韧带骨化发生的病理机制尚不清楚,临床上无有效的药物或非手术治疗的方法。目前研究发现,骨桥蛋白与自噬在成骨过程中均发挥重要作用,二者在黄韧带骨化中的作用尚不清楚。

目的:通过对骨桥蛋白和自噬在黄韧带骨化发生机制的研究,尝试找出药物治疗的潜在作用靶点。

方法:①黄韧带骨化病、胸椎骨折或单纯腰椎间盘突出症患者行后路全椎板切除减压获取黄韧带,将标本分为骨化组和非骨化组,每组各取8例标本,通过免疫组化染色观察骨桥蛋白、骨钙素及自噬指标Beclin-1、LC3、P62的表达;②通过组织块贴壁法进行黄韧带细胞的分离培养,并用不同质量浓度的骨桥蛋白干预不同时间来构建体外黄韧带细胞骨化模型;③非骨化组黄韧带细胞用不同浓度的自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤干预后,再用100 μg/L骨桥蛋白诱导,应用Western blot检测骨化指标碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素的表达变化;④用100 μg/L骨桥蛋白干预非骨化黄韧带细胞,并在0,15,30,60,120 min终止骨化诱导过程,应用Western blot检测MAPK信号通路中重要分子ERK1/2、JNK、P38的磷酸化情况;⑤非骨化组黄韧带细胞用ERK1/2特异的磷酸化阻滞剂U0126阻断ERK1/2通路磷酸化后,再用100 μg/L骨桥蛋白诱导,应用Western blot检测碱性磷酸酶以及骨钙素的表达变化。

结果与结论:①骨化黄韧带和非骨化黄韧带组织骨钙素、骨桥蛋白的免疫组化均呈阳性表达;骨化黄韧带组织中Beclin-1呈阳性表达,而LC3及P62未见明显阳性结果;非黄韧带骨化组织中Beclin-1、LC3、P62均呈阳性表达;②与非骨化组比较,骨化组黄韧带细胞中碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素的表达增加;骨桥蛋白可诱导黄韧带骨化,骨桥蛋白的作用具有浓度相关性和时间相关性;③自噬强弱与骨化程度呈负相关,即自噬越明显,骨化作用越弱;④骨桥蛋白能使MAPK信号通路磷酸化,并具有一定的时间相关性;抑制MAPK磷酸化过程后,骨桥蛋白仍然能够诱导黄韧带细胞的骨化;⑤结果表明,黄韧带骨化发生过程中,信号通路上ERK1/2、骨桥蛋白、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶分子的上下游关系为:ERK1/2→骨桥蛋白→骨钙素/碱性磷酸酶。

ORCID: 0000-0003-0008-9802(许国峰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词:

组织构建, 组织工程, 黄韧带骨化, 骨桥蛋白, 自噬, 信号通路, 黄韧带细胞, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Pathological mechanism of ossification of the ligamentum flavum is unclear. There is no effective drug or non-surgical treatment in clinical practice. Current studies have found that osteopontin and autophagy play an important role in the process of osteogenesis, but their role in ossification of the ligamentum flavum has not been elucidated.

OBJECTIVE: To seek for the potential target of drug therapy by exploring the mechanism of ossification of the ligamentum flavum.

METHODS: (1) Surgical specimens of the ligamentum flavum were taken from patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum, thoracic vertebrae or simple lumbar disc herniation undergoing posterior total laminectomy and decompression. These specimens were divided into two groups: an ossification group and a non-ossification group. Eight specimens from each group were collected. Osteopontin, osteocalcin and autophagy indexes Beclin-1, LC3 and P62 were stained by immunohistochemistry. (2) The ligamentum flavum cells were isolated and cultured by adherence method. The third generation cells were treated with osteopontin at different concentrations for different time to construct an in vitro model of ligamentum flavum ossification. (3) Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine with different concentrations was used to intervene with non-ossified ligamentum flavum cells, followed by induction with 100 μg/L osteopontin. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin. (4) Non-ossified ligamentum flavum cells were induced with 100 μg/L osteopontin, and the induction was terminated at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, respectively. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and P38, which are important molecules in the MAPK signaling pathway, was detected by western blot. (5) Finally, after inhibition by ERK1/2 phosphorylation blocker U0126, the expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin was detected by western blot after induction with 100 μg/L steopontin.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Immunohistochemical staining of osteopontin and osteocalcin in ossified and non-ossified ligamentum flavum was positive. In the ossified ligamentum flavum, Beclin-1 was positive, but LC3 and P62 were not. Beclin-1, LC3 and P62 were all positive in the non-ossified ligamentum flavum. (2) The expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in the ossified ligamentum flavum cells was higher than that in the non-ossified ligamentum flavum cells. Osteopontin could induce ossification of the ligamentum flavum in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (3) The degree of ossification was negatively correlated with the degree of autophagy, that is, the more obvious autophagy was, the weaker ossification was. (4) Osteopontin could phosphorylate the MAPK signaling pathway in a time-dependent manner. After inhibiting the phosphorylation of MAPK, osteopontin could still induce the ossification of ligamentum flavum cells. To conclude, in the process of ligamentum flavum ossification, the upstream and downstream relationships of ERK1/2, osteopontin, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin molecules in signaling pathway are ERK1/2→osteopontin→osteocalcin /alkaline phosphatase.

Key words: tissue construction, tissue engineering, ossification of the ligamentum flavum, osteopontin, autophagy, signaling pathway, ligamentum flavum, National Natural Science Foundation of China

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