中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 426-430.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2902

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

长骨大段骨缺损修复方法的优势与不足

邢  浩1,张永红2,王  栋2   

  1. 1山西医科大学,山西省太原市   030001;2山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市   030001
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-07 修回日期:2020-04-11 接受日期:2020-05-09 出版日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 张永红,博士,主任医师,山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:邢浩,男,1993年生,山西省忻州市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,主要从事外固定与肢体矫形重建方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    山西省社会发展基金(201803D31126)

Advantages and disadvantages of repairing large-segment bone defect

Xing Hao1, Zhang Yonghong2, Wang Dong2   

  1. 1Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-04-07 Revised:2020-04-11 Accepted:2020-05-09 Online:2021-01-28 Published:2020-11-18
  • Contact: Zhang Yonghong, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Xing Hao, Master candidate, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Social Development Fund of Shanxi Province, No. 201803D31126

摘要:

文题释义:
长骨:主要存在于四肢,呈长管状,可分为一体两端。体又叫骨干,其外周部骨质致密,中央为容纳骨髓的骨髓腔,两端较膨大,称为骺。骺的表面有关节软骨附着,形成关节面,与相邻骨的关节面构成运动灵活的关节,以完成较大范围的运动。
骨缺损:是指包括创伤、感染、骨不愈合、骨质吸收、先天性疾病、骨肿瘤切除、继发性损伤等不同致伤因素导致的骨质缺失,并形成较大的间隙。且除骨质丢失外还会导致肢体功能、临近关节功能丧失甚至周围软组织、骨组织发生继发性感染,往往治疗困难。

背景:长骨大段骨缺损的治疗一直是骨科临床上面临的一大难题,大段骨缺损的治疗有着治疗时间长、难度大、费用高的问题,因此研究长骨大段骨缺损的治疗方案具有重要的临床价值及意义。
目的:就当前应用的修复长骨大段骨缺损的方法及各自优势与不足进行综述。
方法:第一作者应用计算机检索至2020年4月为止PubMed、CNKI及万方数据库,以“bone defect,bone repair,bone graft,intramedullary nail technology,Masquelet,bone transport,vascularized bone graft,bone tissue engineering”为英文检索词,以“骨缺损,骨修复,骨移植,髓内钉技术,膜诱导技术,骨搬移,带血管蒂骨移植,骨组织工程”为中文检索词。最终纳入符合标准的40篇文献,并以此对修复长骨大段骨缺损的方法及各自的优势与不足作一综述。
结果与结论:①当前对大段骨缺损的范围没有明确定义,临床中可以根据经验将长度较长、愈合能力较差、传统固定加自体骨移植方法难以愈合的骨缺损视为大段骨缺损;②现有的修复方案众多,不同的方法都可以在治疗过程中发挥独特优势,但在选择治疗方法时要注意不同方法的缺点及相关并发症,提高骨愈合率;③仍需改善和规范现有长骨大段骨缺损的治疗技术来获得更加满意的治疗效果。

https//orcid.org/0000-0001-9959-562X(邢浩) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨缺损, 大段, 骨修复, 骨移植, 髓内钉, 骨搬移, 血管蒂, 组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  The treatment of large-segment bone defect has always been a major problem in clinical orthopedics. The treatment of large-segment bone defect is characterized by long treatment time, high difficulty and high cost. Therefore, it is of great clinical value and significance to study the treatment of large-segment bone defect.
OBJECTIVE: To review the current methods of repairing large-segment bone defect and their advantages and disadvantages. 
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases before April 2020 were retrieved by the first author with the keywords of “bone defect, bone repair, bone graft, intramedullary nail technology, Masquelet, bone transport, vascularized bone graft, bone tissue engineering” in English and Chinese, respectively. Forty eligible articles were included to systematically summarize the repair methods and their advantages and disadvantages in the treatment of large-segment bone defect.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Currently, the scope of large bone defects is not clearly defined. In clinical practice, long bone defects with poor healing ability and difficult healing by traditional fixation and autogenous bone graft can be regarded as large-segment bone defect according to experience. (2) There are many repair methods, and different methods can play their unique advantages in the treatment process. However, the disadvantages and related complications of different methods should be paid attention to when choosing the treatment method, so as to improve the bone healing rate. (3) It is still necessary to improve and standardize the existing treatment technology of large-segment bone defect to obtain a more satisfactory treatment effect.

Key words: bone defect, large segment, bone repair, bone graft, intramedullary nail, bone transport, vascularized bone graft, tissue engineering

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