中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (23): 3737-3743.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2690

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

加压训练对中老年人肌肉适能的影响与优势

赵  静，尹  练，雷雪梅，李苗苗，王  坤，张庭然，罗  炯   

  1. 西南大学体育学院运动戒毒研究中心，重庆市  400715
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-09 修回日期:2019-11-15 接受日期:2019-12-16 出版日期:2020-08-18 发布日期:2020-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 罗炯，博士，教授，西南大学体育学院运动戒毒研究中心，重庆市 400715
  • 作者简介:赵静，女，1997年生，河南省焦作市人，硕士研究生，主要从事国民体适能与健康促进研究。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市体育局科研立项(C201811)

KAASTU training for muscle fitness in the middle-aged and elderly adults: effects and strengths

Zhao Jing, Yin Lian, Lei Xuemei, Li Miaomiao, Wang Kun, Zhang Tingran, Luo Jiong   

  1. Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2019-11-09 Revised:2019-11-15 Accepted:2019-12-16 Online:2020-08-18 Published:2020-08-10
  • Contact: Luo Jiong, PhD, Professor, Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • About author:Zhao Jing, Master candidate, Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Administration of Sports, No. C201811

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摘要：

文题释义：

加压训练(KAASTU Training)：是肢体近端束绑上加压带，施加适当压力并搭配小负荷抗阻运动，就能达到与传统高强度阻力运动相似的运动效果，其特点是负荷小、效果显著、安全系数较高。

肌肉适能(Muscle Fitness)：是指机体依靠肌肉收缩克服和对抗阻力维持身体运动的能力。通常表现为肌肉力量与肌肉耐力，良好的肌肉适能对于维持人体正常姿势、进行日常活动、保持身体健康有重要意义。

背景：加压训练具有结合小负荷运动就可以达到与传统高强度抗阻运动类似的训练效果，故而近年来广泛应用在竞技体育、运动健身、医疗康复等领域，但加压训练对中老年人肌肉适能影响有关的评述鲜见。

目的：通过对国内外加压运动对中老年人肌肉适能的全面综述，进一步解释及验证加压训练在中老年人运动中的安全性、实用性及便捷性，为中老年人选择安全有效的运动方式提供科学的建议。

方法：搜寻截止至 2019 年 10月，包括 Elsevier、PubMed、Springer、维普中文期刊服务平台、CNKI 中文资料总库的文献数据库以及台湾学术文献数据库，检索有关加压训练、血流限制、肌肉适能等的中英文文献，并根据研究需要确立相应的入选标准，对最终所得文献进行筛选。

结果与结论：①加压结合小负荷运动能够有效提高中老年人的肌肉量，对于预防中老年人肌肉萎缩有着正向效益；②加压训练结合小负荷运动能有效提高下肢肌力，有利于减少运动损伤，提高生活质量；③加压训练对中老年人骨健康有正向效益，对于改善老年人骨质疏松、提升骨密度有促进作用；④相较于传统抗阻训练，加压训练具有负荷小，效果好的特点，更容易被中老年人接受。

ORCID: 0000-0001-8540-0000(赵静)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词:

加压训练, 血流限制, 中老年人, 肌肉适能, 肌力, 肌肉量, 肌肉萎缩, 骨健康, 骨密度

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: KAASTU training combined with low-load exercise can achieve the same effect as traditional high intensity resistance exercise. Therefore, it has been widely used in competitive sports, sports fitness, medical rehabilitation and other fields in recent years. However, there are few comments on the effects of KAASTU training on muscle fitness of the middle-aged and elderly adults.

OBJECTIVE: To further explain and verify the safety, practicability and convenience of KAASTU training in the middle-aged and elderly adults exercise through a comprehensive review of the muscle fitness of middle-aged and elderly adults, and to provide scientific suggestions for the middle-aged and elderly adults to choose a safe and effective exercise.

METHODS: Up to October 2019, Elsevier, PubMed, Springer, VIP, CNKI and Taiwan Academic Literature Database were searched for Chinese and English literature about KAASTU training, blood flow restriction, and muscle. Corresponding selection criteria was established according to the needs of the study, followed by literature screening.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: KAASTU training combined with low-load exercise can effectively increase the muscle mass of the middle-aged and elderly adults, and has a positive effect on the prevention of muscle atrophy in the middle-aged and elderly adults. KAASTU training combined with low-load exercise can effectively improve the muscle strength of the lower extremities, which is beneficial to reduce exercise injury and improve the quality of life. KAASTU training has positive effects on bone health of the middle-aged and elderly adults, improves osteoporosis and increases bone mineral density of the older adults. Compared with traditional resistance training, KAASTU training is characterized by lower load and better effect. Therefore, KAASTU training is easier to be accepted by the middle-aged and elderly adults.

Key words: KAASTU training, blood flow restriction, middle-aged and elderly adults, muscle fitness, muscle strength, muscle mass, muscle atrophy, bone health, bone mineral density

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