中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (21): 3310-3314.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2700

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端防旋髓内钉与联合加压交锁髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

黄照国,张财义,张  庆,汪  胜,王绍刚,李  军,陶忠亮,左才红   

  1. 宣城市人民医院骨科,安徽省宣城市  242000
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-02 修回日期:2019-11-12 接受日期:2019-12-16 出版日期:2020-07-28 发布日期:2020-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 左才红,主任医师,副教授,宣城市人民医院骨科,安徽省宣城市 242000
  • 作者简介:黄照国,男,1975年生,安徽省宣城市人,汉族,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科方面的研究。

Curative efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation versus intertrochanteric antegrade nail for treating intertrochanteric fracture in older adults

Huang Zhaoguo, Zhang Caiyi, Zhang Qing, Wang Sheng, Wang Shaogang, Li Jun, Tao Zhongliang, Zuo Caihong   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, First People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng 242000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2019-11-02 Revised:2019-11-12 Accepted:2019-12-16 Online:2020-07-28 Published:2020-04-16
  • Contact: Zuo Caihong, Chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics, First People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng 242000, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Huang Zhaoguo, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, First People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng 242000, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ:专门针对亚洲患者设计的防旋型股骨近端髓内钉,是对标准防旋型股骨近端髓内钉进行了一些改进,主钉近端直径由17 mm减小为16.5 mm,螺旋刀片直径由10.55 mm减小为10.3 mm,主钉外翻角由6°减小为5°,短钉为170,200,240 mm。

联合加压交锁髓内钉:联合交锁钉由拉力螺钉和加压螺钉构成,适用于各种类型的股骨骨折,拉力螺钉的直径11 mm,加压螺钉直径为7 mm,交锁后直径为15.25 mm,短钉为180,200 mm。

背景:股骨近端髓内钉是治疗股骨转子间骨折的首选方法之一,目前有关髓内钉治疗老年转子间骨折的研究主要集中在股骨近端防旋髓内钉/股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ、Gamma 3和联合加压交锁髓内钉。

目的:对比股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ与联合加压交锁髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。

方法:纳入宣城市人民医院骨科2016年1月至2018年12月收治的老年股骨转子间骨折患者42例,其中男15例,女27例,年龄65-90岁,22例采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ内固定治疗,20例采用联合加压交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,对比两组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、术后内固定并发症发生率和末次随访髋关节评分。试验获得宣城市人民医院伦理委员会批准[(2015)伦审研第(17)号]。

结果与结论:①股骨近端防旋髓内钉组手术时间短于联合加压交锁髓内钉组[(69.4±11.5),(90.0±9.7) min,P < 0.05],术中出血量少于联合加压交锁髓内钉组[(70.6±10.0),(86.5±11.1) mL,P < 0.05];②两组骨折愈合时间比较差异无显著性意义[(4.3±0.5),(4.1±0.4) 个月,P > 0.05];③股骨近端防旋髓内钉组术后有3例发生患肢大腿疼痛,1例发生髋内翻畸形;联合加压交锁髓内钉组术后有1例发生患肢大腿疼痛,两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无显著性意义(18.2%,5.0%,P > 0.05);④两组末次随访的髋关节Harris评分比较差异无显著性意义(90.3±2.8,91.5±2.4,P > 0.05);⑤两组均未发生与内固定材料相关的断裂不良反应;⑥股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ与联合加压交锁髓内钉内固定都是治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的有效方法,但股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ内固定的手术时间更短、术中出血量更少。

ORCID: 0000-0001-8554-5349(黄照国)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 股骨转子间骨折, 骨折固定术, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉Ⅱ, 联合加压交锁髓内钉, 老年人, 骨科植入物, 内固定

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral nail is the first choice for treating intertrochanteric fractures. The studies concerning proximal femoral nail for senile intertrochanteric fractures mainly focus on proximal femoral nail antirotation/proximal femoral nail antirotation II, Gamma 3 and intertrochanteric antegrade nail.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation II versus intertrochanteric antegrade nail in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly.

METHODS: Forty-two cases of senile intertrochanteric fractures at Department of Orthopedics, First People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City from January 2016 to December 2018 were included, involving 15 males and 27 females, aged 65-90 years. Among which, 22 patients received internal fixation using proximal femoral nail antirotation II and 20 patients using intertrochanteric antegrade nail. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, postoperative complications and the hip function scores at last follow-up were compared. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of First People’s Hospital of Xuancheng City, approval No. (2015)(17).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time in the proximal femoral nail antirotation group was shorter than that in the intertrochanteric antegrade nail group [(69.4±11.5), (90.0±9.7) minutes, P < 0.05]. The intraoperative blood loss in the proximal femoral nail antirotation group was less than that in the intertrochanteric antegrade nail group [(70.6±10.0), (86.5±11.1) mL, P < 0.05]. (2) There was no significant difference in the fracture healing time between two groups [(4.3±0.5), (4.1±0.4) months, P > 0.05]. (3) In the proximal femoral nail antirotation group, three cases suffered from pain at the affected limb, and one case of coxa vara deformity. One case in the intertrochanteric antegrade nail group appeared with pain at the affected limb. The postoperative incidence of complications between two groups showed no significant difference (18.2%, 5.0%, P > 0.05). (4) No significant difference was found in the Harris scores at the last follow-up between two groups (90.3±2.8, 91.5±2.4, P > 0.05). (5) There were no fracture adverse reactions related to internal fixation materials in the two groups. (6) In summary, proximal femoral nail antirotation II and intertrochanteric antegrade nail internal fixation are effective methods for intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. However, proximal femoral nail antirotation II has short operation time and few intraoperative blood losses.

Key words: intertrochanteric fractures, internal fixation for fracture, proximal femoral nail antirotation II, intertrochanteric antegrade nail, elderly, implants, internal fixation

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