中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 985-990.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0106

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

陶瓷髋关节球头与臼杯分离引起边缘负载的动力学仿真模拟

冯 莉,王俊元,刘 峰,成 博   

  1. 中北大学机械工程学院,山西省太原市  030051
  • 出版日期:2018-03-08 发布日期:2018-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘峰,教授,中北大学机械工程学院,山西省太原市 030051
  • 作者简介:冯莉,女,1990年生,山西省太原市人,汉族,2018年中北大学毕业,硕士,主要从事人工关节和生物力学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(21604074)

Dynamic simulation of the edge load caused by the separation of the ceramic cup and femoral head  

Feng Li, Wang Jun-yuan, Liu Feng, Cheng Bo   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi Province, China
  • Online:2018-03-08 Published:2018-03-08
  • Contact: Liu Feng, Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Feng Li, Master, School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 21604074

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
边缘负载:在理想状态下,股骨头与臼杯是球面共型接触,具有较大的接触区和较小的接触应力。当假体出现位置不佳时,将可能发生边缘接触,使得臼杯边缘承受过大的负载,加剧磨损。在股骨头与臼杯球面共型接触(旋转中心同心)的情况下,如果臼杯外展角过大,会导致臼杯接触区扩展至臼杯边缘,产生边缘接触。此外,更为严重的情况是股骨头与臼杯的旋转中心发生了分离,造成球头与臼杯边缘直接接触。髋关节假体的体外研究已经证实后者是引起临床条纹磨损和过大磨损量的关键因素。
最大动态分离距离:指由于医师手术安装误差,导致股骨头与臼杯在冠状面内沿内、外侧方向产生了初始分离距离,使其在步态时股骨头相对臼杯的旋转中心处于不断地运动当中,当股骨头相对臼杯沿内、外侧距离最大时,此时的距离为最大动态分离距离。
 
摘要
背景:关节分离引起的边缘负载接触造成极大的应力集中,进而产生大量磨损。髋关节分离引起的边缘接触是股骨头接触在臼杯边缘并快速滑进臼窝的动态过程,需要一个动态的接触力学模型。
目的:建立陶瓷髋关节在分离状态下臼杯边缘负载接触的动态力学仿真模型,为髋关节边缘负载状态下的磨损分析提供接触力学基础,为假体设计以及医师手术提供理论依据。
方法:结合SolidWorks三维建模软件和ADAMS动力学仿真软件,建立陶瓷髋关节股骨头与髋臼杯发生动态边缘负载接触的动力学仿真模型,用数值方法对边缘负载接触变形进行验证,对臼杯外展角与初始分离距离对边缘负载接触的影响进行分析。
结果与结论:①该模型所使用的接触刚度系数值合理有效,可以用来进行影响髋关节边缘负载接触的参数研究;②过大的臼杯外展角与初始分离距离会增加边缘负载接触的严重性;③研究表明,初始分离距离和臼杯外展角是影响边缘负载接触的两个重要因素。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-3226-7784(冯莉)

关键词: 股骨头, 髋臼, 边缘负载接触, 初始分离距离, Impact碰撞函数, 变形, 外展角, 最大动态分离距离, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The edge load contact caused by joint separation causes great stress concentration and then produces a large amount of wear. The edge contact caused by hip joint separation is a dynamic process of femoral head touching the rim of the acetabulum and sliding into the acetabulum quickly, so a dynamic contact mechanical model is needed.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the dynamic mechanical simulation model of ceramic acetabulum under the edge load contact, so as to provide the contact mechanics foundation for the wear analysis of hip joint under the condition of edge load, and provide theoretical basis for prosthesis design and surgeon operation.
METHODS: By using 3D modeling software SolidWorks and dynamic simulation software ADAMS, edge load contact dynamics simulation model of ceramic femoral head and acetabular cup was established to verify the edge load contact deformation by numerical method. The effects of acetabular abduction angle and initial separation distance on edge load contact were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The contact stiffness coefficient used in the model is reasonable and effective. This model can be used to study the parameters that influence the edge load contact of hip joints. (2) The excessive cup inclination angle and initial separation distance will increase the severity of the edge load. (3) Acetabular cup inclination angle and initial separation distance are two important factors that affect the edge load contact.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Hip Joint, Femur Head, Acetabulum, Tissue Engineering

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