中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (21): 3418-3423.doi: 10.12307/2024.063

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

青少年特发性脊柱侧弯矫形器分类比较与数字智能技术的应用进展

朱培坤1,白金柱2,3,4   

  1. 1山东中医药大学康复医学院,山东省济南市   250355;2中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院脊柱脊髓外科,北京市   100068;3首都医科大学康复医学院,北京市   100068;4首都医科大学骨外科学系,北京市   100070
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-08 接受日期:2023-05-10 出版日期:2024-07-28 发布日期:2023-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 白金柱,博士后,主任医师,中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院脊柱脊髓外科,北京市 100068;首都医科大学康复医学院,北京市 100068;首都医科大学骨外科学系,北京市 100070
  • 作者简介:朱培坤,男,1999年生,山东省烟台市人,汉族,硕士在读,主要从事脊柱与脊髓损伤方向研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国残联课题残疾人辅助器具专项(CJFJRRB03-2020),项目负责人:白金柱

Classification and comparison of orthoses for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and application progress of digital intelligent technology

Zhu Peikun1, Bai Jinzhu2, 3, 4   

  1. 1School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Beijing Bo’ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; 3School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China; 4Department of Orthopedics, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
  • Received:2023-04-08 Accepted:2023-05-10 Online:2024-07-28 Published:2023-09-28
  • Contact: Bai Jinzhu, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Beijing Bo’ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China; Department of Orthopedics, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
  • About author:Zhu Peikun, Master candidate, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    China Disabled Persons’ Federation Special Project on Assistive Devices, No. CJFJRRB03-2020 (to BJZ)

摘要:


文题释义:

特发性脊柱侧弯:是一种常见的脊柱三维畸形,脊柱的一个或多个节段在冠状面上偏离骶骨中垂线向侧方弯曲,通常伴随着椎体的旋转、肋骨及骨盆的倾斜和矢状位曲度的改变,且患者没有任何脊柱本身发育或神经肌肉异常。
脊柱侧弯矫形器:又称脊柱支具,非手术治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的常规方法,运用生物力学的三点力系统,改变脊柱及骨盆、胸廓和肩胛带的力学和运动学特征,减轻局部疼痛、支持肌肉组织、矫正畸形,限制Cobb角的进一步发展。


背景:矫形器治疗是目前轻中度脊柱侧弯的常用有效治疗方法,可延缓并抑制侧弯进展,降低严重畸形发生率。不同种类矫形器的适应证和应用特点及疗效各不相同。近年的数字化智能化新技术应用促进了新型矫形器的改进研发。

目的:对临床上常用的脊柱侧弯矫形器进行分类比较,并阐述近年的数字化智能化等新技术应用进展,为矫形器的临床选择和新型矫形器改进研发提供参考。
方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、IEEE、中国知网、万方医学数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为“scoliosis, orthosis,brace,progress, artificial intelligence,digitization”,中文检索词包括“脊柱侧弯,脊柱侧凸,矫形器,支具,进展,人工智能,数字化”,检索时限主要为2012-2022年,最终纳入56篇文献进行综述分析。

结果与结论:①脊柱侧弯矫形器对轻中度青少年特发性脊柱侧弯具有较好疗效,通过Hueter-Volkmann定律,加速凹侧脊柱的生长,成功率较高,目前已广泛应用于该领域。②不同种类矫形器的适应证和应用特点及疗效各不相同,临床选择具有针对性。③脊柱侧弯矫形器向更加人性化的方向发展,注重患者的舒适度,制作过程从石膏铸型向计算机辅助制造转型,简洁卫生且矫正精度更高,患者的依从性明显提高。④脊柱侧弯矫形器向着数字化、智能化方向发展,目前已与人工智能、物联网等技术广泛融合,实时监测患者的矫形力、体温、依从性等,为患者提供更加精准的治疗。⑤目前脊柱侧弯矫形器仍存在较多不可忽视的缺陷,如影响发育、肌力下降、身体僵硬等,需要进一步的探索和完善。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-782X (白金柱)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 脊柱侧弯, 矫形器, 支具, 分类, 比较, 进展, 人工智能, 数字化

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Orthosis is a common and effective treatment for mild to moderate scoliosis, which can delay and inhibit the progression of scoliosis and reduce the incidence of severe deformity. Different types of orthoses have different indications, application characteristics, and efficacies. In recent years, the application of new technology like digital and intelligent has promoted the improvement and development of new orthoses.
OBJECTIVE: To classify and compare the commonly used scoliosis orthoses, and describe the application progress of new technologies such as digital and intelligent technology in recent years, so as to provide a reference for the clinical selection of orthoses and the improvement of new orthoses.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, IEEE, CNKI and WanFang databases were searched for relevant literature. Chinese and English search terms were “scoliosis, orthosis, brace, progress, artificial intelligence, digitization”. The search time limit was from 2012 to 2022. Finally, 56 articles were included for review and analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scoliosis orthosis has a good effect on mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Through the Hueter-Volkmann law, it can accelerate the growth of the concave spine with a high success rate and has been widely used in this field. (2) The indications, application characteristics and efficacy of different types of orthoses are different, and the clinical selection is targeted. (3) Scoliosis orthosis has been developed in the direction of more humanity, paying attention to the comfort of patients, and the manufacturing process has been transformed from plaster casting to computer-aided manufacturing. It is simple and hygienic, with higher correction accuracy, and patients’ compliance has been significantly improved. (4) Scoliosis orthosis is developing in the direction of digitalization and intelligence and has been widely integrated with artificial intelligence, Internet of things and other technologies to monitor the patient’s orthopedic force, body temperature, and compliance in real time, so as to provide patients with more accurate treatment. (5) At present, there are still many defects in scoliosis orthosis that cannot be ignored, such as affecting development, decreased muscle strength, and body stiffness, which need further exploration and improvement.

Key words: scoliosis, orthosis, brace, classification, comparison, progress, artificial intelligence, digitization

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