中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1863-1868.doi: 10.12307/2024.026

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能三维规划系统在全髋关节置换中的准确性及其影响因素

张  凯1,郭卓涛1,马桥桥1,查国春2,郭开今2   

  1. 1徐州医科大学,江苏省徐州市   221000;2 徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市   221000
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-09 接受日期:2023-03-22 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2023-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 郭开今,博士,主任医师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221000
  • 作者简介:张凯,男,1997年生,江苏省徐州市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省青年医学人才项目(QNRC2016800),项目负责人:查国春;江苏省卫生计生委面上项目(H2017081),项目负责人:查国春

Accuracy and influencing factor of artificial intelligence planning system in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty

Zhang Kai1, Guo Zhuotao1, Ma Qiaoqiao1, Zha Guochun2, Guo Kaijin2   

  1. 1Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-02-09 Accepted:2023-03-22 Online:2024-04-28 Published:2023-08-22
  • Contact: Guo Kaijin, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Kai, Master candidate, Physician, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Young Medical Talent Project of Jiangsu Province, No. QNRC2016800 (to ZGC); General Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, No. H2017081 (to ZGC)

摘要:


文题释义:

术前规划:术者在术前根据患者影像学资料获取术中所需的解剖数据,模拟假体置入的过程,是降低手术风险、提高手术精度的有效措施。


背景:人工智能三维规划系统能够自动建立三维模型并生成规划方案,但其预测假体型号的准确性尚未得到充分验证。

目的:探讨人工智能三维规划系统在全髋关节置换前预测假体型号的准确性及对临床预后的影响,并进一步分析影响规划准确性的危险因素。
方法:前瞻性收集2021年1月至2022年6月在徐州医科大学附属医院骨科接受单侧初次全髋关节置换患者的临床资料,随机分为人工智能组(n=80)和传统模板组(n=79)。对比两组术中使用假体与术前规划假体的匹配情况,记录术后随访Harris功能评分、双下肢不等长、脱位和假体松动等并发症的发生情况,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析来探究人口统计学指标、术前诊断、Dorr分型对股骨柄规划准确性的影响。 

结果与结论:①人工智能组髋臼侧、股骨侧假体完全符合率分别为 50%(40/80)、55%(44/80),传统模板组为 34%(27/79)、37%(29/79),组间差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②人工智能组在髋臼、股骨侧假体相差1个尺寸内的准确率分别91%(73/80)、86%(69/80),传统模板组为 82%(65/79)、72%(58/79),差异仅在股骨侧有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③两组术后随访期间均无脱位及假体松动的发生,人工智能组、传统模板组术后双下肢长度差值分别为(3.56±2.32) mm、(3.52±2.41) mm;末次随访时人工智能组与传统模板组Harris评分分别为(92.74±3.08)分、(91.81±3.52)分,上述指标两组比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④单因素分析结果显示,术前诊断为先天性髋关节发育不良、股骨头坏死以及Dorr B型、C型股骨对人工智能三维规划系统预测股骨假体准确率有显著影响(P < 0.05);⑤多因素logistic回归分析显示,术前诊断为先天性髋关节发育不良(OR=18.233,95%CI:2.662-124.888)是影响人工智能三维规划系统预测股骨柄型号的独立危险因素;⑥提示人工智能三维规划系统预测假体型号较传统二维模板具有更高的准确率,且对术后并发症的发生风险和关节功能并不会造成明显的差异。由于解剖畸形和髋臼解剖位置重建,人工智能三维规划系统在先天性髋关节发育不良患者中准确率较低。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4228-5759 (张凯) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 术前规划, 人工智能, 全髋关节置换, 股骨近端髓腔形态, 假体型号

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence planning system can automatically establish a three-dimensional model and generate planning schemes, but its accuracy in predicting the prosthesis size has not been fully verified. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of artificial intelligence planning system in predicting prosthesis size before total hip arthroplasty and its influence on clinical prognosis, and further analyze the risk factors affecting the accuracy of planning. 
METHODS: Clinical data of patients with unilateral initial total hip arthroplasty who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2021 to June 2022 were prospectively collected. The patients were randomly divided into the artificial intelligence planning system group (n=80) and the conventional template group (n=79). Intraoperative use of prostheses and preoperative planning of prosthesis matching were compared between the two groups. Postoperative follow-up Harris scores and the occurrence of complications such as leg length discrepancy, dislocation and prosthesis loosening were recorded in both groups. The effects of demographic indicators, preoperative diagnosis, and Dorr typing on the accuracy of femoral stem planning were explored using univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The prediction of the prosthesis size on the acetabular side and femoral side was 50%(40/80) and 55%(44/80) in the artificial intelligence planning system group, compared to 34%(27/79) and 37%(29/79) in the conventional template group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). (2) The artificial intelligence planning system group had an accuracy rate within one size difference for the acetabular and femoral side prostheses of 91%(73/80) and 86%(69/80), compared to 82%(65/79) and 72%(58/79) in the conventional template group, with differences statistically different only on the femoral side (P < 0.05). (3) No dislocation or prosthesis loosening occurred in the two groups during postoperative follow-up. The difference in lower limb length between the artificial intelligence planning system and conventional template groups was (3.56±2.32) mm and (3.52±2.41) mm. At the last follow-up, the Harris scores of the artificial intelligence planning system and conventional template groups were (92.74±3.08) and (91.81±3.52), respectively; there was no significant difference in the above differences (P > 0.05). (4) Univariate analysis results showed that preoperative diagnosis as developmental dysplasia of the hip and osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and Dorr type B and C femurs had a significant effect on the accuracy of predicted prosthesis size using an artificial intelligence planning system (P < 0.05). (5) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (OR=18.233, 95%CI: 2.662-124.888) was an independent risk factor for the prediction of femoral stem size by artificial intelligence planning system. (6) The artificial intelligence planning system has a higher accuracy in predicting prosthetic size than traditional two-dimensional templates, and there is not a significant difference in the risk of postoperative complications or joint function. The accuracy of the artificial intelligence planning system in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip was low due to anatomical deformities and acetabular anatomical position reconstruction.

Key words: preoperative planning, artificial intelligence, total hip arthroplasty, proximal femoral canal bone morphology, prosthesis size

中图分类号: