中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9): 1340-1345.doi: 10.12307/2023.208

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印前臂外固定支具的有限元分析与结构优化设计

彭志鑫1,闫文刚1,王  坤1,张振江2   

  1. 1内蒙古工业大学机械工程学院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010000;2内蒙古荣誉军人肢残康复中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-08 接受日期:2022-01-18 出版日期:2023-03-28 发布日期:2022-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 闫文刚,博士,副教授,内蒙古工业大学机械工程学院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010000 王坤,博士,副教授,内蒙古工业大学机械工程学院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010000
  • 作者简介:彭志鑫,男,1996年生,内蒙古自治区锡林浩特市人,汉族,内蒙古工业大学在读硕士,主要从事康复医疗和生物力学工程的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2020年教育部产学合作协同育人资助项目(2020002232006),项目负责人:王坤;内蒙古自然科学基金(2021LHMS05004),项目负责人:闫文刚

Finite element analysis and structural optimization design of 3D printed forearm braces

Peng Zhixin1, Yan Wengang1, Wang Kun1, Zhang Zhenjiang2   

  1. 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Inner Mongolia Honorary Soldier Mutilation Rehabilitation Center, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-12-08 Accepted:2022-01-18 Online:2023-03-28 Published:2022-07-01
  • Contact: Yan Wengang, PhD, Associate professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Wang Kun, PhD, Associate professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Peng Zhixin, Master candidate, School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Industry-University Collaborative Education Fund of Ministry of Education in 2020, No. 2020002232006 (to WK); Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2021LHMS05004 (to YWG)

摘要:

文题释义:
Geomagic软件:作为专业的自动化逆向工程软件,可以直接载入现成点云数据或三角网格数据,处理复杂形状的数据模型。经过对模型多边形阶段处理和精确曲面阶段可以拟合生成NURBS曲面,并且可以快速简单地导出CAD文件,利于后续的模型设计与有限元分析。
拓扑优化:是实现结构轻量化的重要手段之一,根据模型的边界条件、使用工况,确定优化的基本性能指标。依据对支具的拓扑优化分析,对支具结构进行再设计,使其既能满足结构强度要求又可达到减材通风效果。

背景:使用3D打印技术制作适合患者个性化的支具普遍存在,但却缺乏支具对前臂骨折断裂处保护效果的生物力学验证。
目的:将逆向建模、有限元分析与拓扑优化等方法相结合,提出一种3D打印制作前臂支具的可行性方法,并通过有限元分析验证支具的有效性。
方法:采用逆向建模方法,通过医学图像处理软件Mimics构建1例男性志愿者前臂模型,并利用参数化设计软件Grasshopper对Rodin 4D采集的前臂数据进行处理并建立支具模型。依据前臂生物力学特性对佩戴支具的前臂整体模型进行有限元分析,再根据有限元分析结果对支具进行拓扑优化并作打孔处理,最后用3D打印机将支具打印出来。
结果与结论:①在100 N的压力载荷下,骨折断裂处应力与位移分别为1.53 MPa和0.27 mm,而前臂在支具保护下断裂处的应力与位移分别下降到0.19 MPa和0.005 mm;②在保证支具力学性能前提下对支具进行拓扑优化,通过对比优化后支具的支承刚度结果,选择减少40%体积作为优化结果,再根据优化结果使用Grasshopper插件对支具进行打孔减材处理;③通过对比由不同文样镂空设计的支具强度,选择泰森多边形作为打孔文样;④提出使用数字化设计与3D打印技术制作的前臂支具具有可行性,实验建立了完整的前臂支具设计、验证及制造系统。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-3867(彭志鑫)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 前臂骨折, 生物力学, 逆向建模, 3D打印, 有限元分析, 拓扑优化, 数字化设计, 泰森多边形, 镂空设计

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of 3D printing technology to make personalized braces for patients is widespread, but there is a lack of biomechanical verification of the protective effect of braces on fracture sites. 
OBJECTIVE: To combine reverse modeling, finite element analysis and topology optimization, propose a feasible method of 3D printing forearm bracing, and to verify the effectiveness of the brace through finite element analysis.
METHODS:  Reverse modeling was used to construct a male volunteer forearm model by medical image processing software Mimics. Parametric design software Grasshopper was used to process the forearm data collected by Rodin 4D and to establish the brace model. Based on the biomechanical properties of the forearm, finite element analysis was carried out on the whole model of the forearm wearing the brace. The topology optimization and drilling were carried out on the brace according to the finite element analysis results. Finally, the brace was printed with a 3D printer. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the pressure load of 100 N, the stress and displacement at fracture point were 1.53 MPa and 0.27 mm, respectively, while the stress and displacement at fracture point of the forearm under the protection of brace were 0.19 MPa and 0.005 mm, respectively. (2) Topology optimization was carried out on the premise of ensuring the mechanical properties of the brace. By comparing the stiffness results of the optimized brace, 40% volume reduction was selected as the optimization result. According to the optimization results, Grasshopper plug-in was used to drill holes and reduce materials for the support. (3) By comparing the strength analysis of the brace designed by the hollow out of different samples, the Tyson polygon was selected as the punching sample. (4) This article proposes the feasibility of using digital design and 3D printing technology for the forearm brace, and establishes a complete forearm brace design, verification and manufacturing system.

Key words: forearm fracture, biomechanics, reverse modeling, 3D printing, finite element analysis, topology optimization, digital design, Tyson polygon, hollow out design

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