中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1805-1809.doi: 10.12307/2024.019

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics •    下一篇

有限元法分析腓骨瓣重建完全缺失跟骨的生物力学

陈默迪1,孙琪博1,徐天宇1,邰国梁1,赵玉祥2,潘朝晖2   

  1. 1潍坊医学院外科学教研室,山东省潍坊市   261053;2陆军第八十集团军医院骨科研究所,山东省潍坊市   261053
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-19 接受日期:2023-03-02 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2023-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 潘朝晖,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,陆军第八十集团军医院骨科研究所,山东省潍坊市 261053
  • 作者简介:陈默迪,男,1993年生,山东省泰安市人,汉族,潍坊医学院在读硕士,主要从事显微重建外科及数字骨科研究。
  • 基金资助:


Biomechanics of reconstruction of total calcaneus defect using fibular flap based on finite element method

Chen Modi1, Sun Qibo1, Xu Tianyu1, Tai Guoliang1, Zhao Yuxiang2, Pan Zhaohui2   

  1. 1Department of Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; 2Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology of CPLA, Hospital of CPLA 80th Group Army, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-12-19 Accepted:2023-03-02 Online:2024-04-28 Published:2023-08-22
  • Contact: Pan Zhaohui, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology of CPLA, Hospital of CPLA 80th Group Army, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Chen Modi, Master candidate, Department of Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

有限元法:利用简单而又相互作用的单元和数学近似的方法对真实物理系统进行模拟,用有限数量的未知量去逼近真实系统无限未知量的方法。
腓骨瓣:取自腓骨带有血液循环的骨组织块,血供主要来自血管蒂,可以用来作为供体移植填补其他部位缺损骨质。


背景:跟骨缺损在临床中屡见不鲜,因足跟复杂的解剖结构与运动功能使外科医生评估跟骨重建效果较为困难,而有限元分析已成为生物力学行为模拟和数值分析的有效方法之一。

目的:比较Ⅱ字、V字排列腓骨瓣重建缺失跟骨的临床效果及生物力学特征。
方法:采集1名50岁健康男性左足CT图像,用Mimics软件获取初步三维模型,导入Geomagic软件对模型进行修整和曲面化从而优化模型。再将模型通过Solidworks软件模拟跟骨重建并完成有限元计算前处理,最后进入Ansys软件求解。将仿真结果与既往文献结果进行对比,验证模型的有效性,再根据仿真得到的应力结果对手术效果和不同姿态下生物力学特性进行分析。

结果与结论:①模型直观展现出腓骨瓣Ⅱ字、V字排列,均可以用来重建完全缺失的跟骨,能够一定程度恢复正常跟骨的长、宽、高,填补跟骨缺失的骨量;②两种重建跟骨相较正常跟骨在施加载荷后都表现出应力过于集中的趋势,正常跟骨应力多集中于跟骨结节、载距突及跟骨沟周围,而两种腓骨瓣应力多集中于骨瓣与距骨和骰骨衔接处;③两种重建跟骨与正常跟骨在不同模拟状态下最大应力值均不相同,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);Ⅱ字相较V字腓骨瓣在不同状态下应力变化较小,更接近在相同状态时的正常跟骨;V字腓骨瓣在推离期出现局部应力过大,骨材料可能在此模拟状态下屈服,提示存在骨折的风险。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8682-7679 (陈默迪) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 跟骨, 腓骨, 移植, 生物力学, 有限元分析, 步态分析, 复合组织瓣, 显微外科

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcaneal defects are common in clinical practice. It is difficult for surgeons to evaluate the effect of calcaneal reconstruction due to the complex anatomical structure and motor function of the heel. Finite element analysis has become an effective method for biomechanical behavior simulation and numerical analysis.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effect and biomechanical characteristics of total calcaneal reconstruction with the II-shaped and V-shaped fibular flap.
METHODS: CT images of one left foot of a healthy 50-year-old male were acquired. Mimics software was used to obtain the preliminary three-dimensional model. Geomagic software was used to trim and curve the model. The model was imported into Solidworks software to simulate calcaneal reconstruction and complete the pre-processing of finite element calculation. Finally, Ansys software was used to solve the problem. The simulation results were compared with previous literature results to verify the effectiveness of the model. The surgical effect and biomechanical characteristics of the foot in different gait phases based on the simulated stress results were analyzed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Both II-shaped and V-shaped fibular flaps could be used to reconstruct completely missing calcaneus, which could restore the length, width and height of normal calcaneus, and fill up the missing calcaneus bone. (2) Compared with the normal calcaneus, both configurations of fibular flaps showed a tendency for over-concentration of stress after loading. The normal calcaneus stress was mostly concentrated around the calcaneus nodule, the subtalar process and the calcaneus groove, while the stress of the two fibular flaps was mostly concentrated at the junction between the bone flap with the talus and cuboid bones. (3) The maximum stress of calcaneus was different between the two models and normal calcaneus under different simulation conditions, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Compared with the V-shaped fibular flaps, II-shaped fibular flaps had less force change in different gaits and were closer to the normal calcaneus. The V-shaped fibular flap bore excessive stress during the period of push-off, and the grafted bone material may yield under this condition and have the risk of fractures.

Key words: calcaneus, fibula, transplantation, biomechanics, finite element analysis, gait analysis, composite flap, microsurgery

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