中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 846-852.doi: 10.12307/2023.221

• 牙髓及牙周膜干细胞 Dental pulp and periodontal ligament stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

三维培养人牙周膜干细胞的形态、活性及成骨分化能力

李欣悦1,李熙恒1,毛天娇2,唐  亮1,李  江1,2   

  1. 1吉林大学口腔医院口腔修复科,吉林省长春市   130021;2广州医科大学附属口腔医院口腔修复科,广东省广州市   510150
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-30 接受日期:2022-02-24 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2022-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 李江,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,吉林大学口腔医院口腔修复科,吉林省长春市 130021;广州医科大学附属口腔医院口腔修复科,广东省广州市 510150
  • 作者简介:李欣悦,女,1997年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,吉林大学在读硕士,主要从事口腔修复学方面的研究。

Three-dimensional culture affects morphology, activity and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells

Li Xinyue1, Li Xiheng1, Mao Tianjiao2, Tang Liang1, Li Jiang1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China; 2Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2021-12-30 Accepted:2022-02-24 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2022-08-10
  • Contact: Li Jiang, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Li Xinyue, Master candidate, Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
三维培养技术:是一种特殊培养细胞的方式,能够模拟细胞与细胞在空间上的交流,一定程度上还原了细胞在体内的生理环境,维持干细胞的干性并且提高其成骨分化潜能,是目前组织工程的研究趋势之一。
牙周膜干细胞:来源于牙周膜中未分化的间充质干细胞,具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,有着容易获取、致瘤风险低以及无伦理争议等优点,是牙周组织和骨组织再生最具潜力的细胞之一。

背景:牙周膜干细胞作为牙源性间充质干细胞一员,是近年来牙周骨组织工程的研究热点。由于干细胞数量不足以及微环境的影响,牙周组织再生能力往往无法满足治疗的需要。近年来,片状培养细胞片和三维培养细胞球体作为单细胞悬浮注射的替代品,能够有效改善数量不足和微环境等问题,成为组织工程的研究趋势。但是目前运用三维培养技术形成牙周膜干细胞球体的研究较少。
目的:探究三维培养技术对人牙周膜干细胞形态、活性及成骨分化的影响。
方法:采用改良酶消化法培养人牙周膜干细胞并进行细胞鉴定。通过细胞骨架和细胞核荧光标记检测细胞球体的形态;通过Live/Dead染色试剂盒检测细胞球体的活性;通过碱性磷酸酶活性、成骨相关基因表达水平分析三维培养技术对人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的影响。
结果与结论:①人牙周膜干细胞球体形态及活性呈时间依赖性变化。随时间增长,细胞球直径变小,球体核心死亡细胞增加;②与二维培养比较,成骨诱导3 d时三维培养人牙周膜干细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性及成骨诱导3,4,7 d时成骨相关基因的表达增加,β-catenin的表达增加,提示三维培养技术可促进人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化,可能与Wnt/β-catenin通路有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-6138(李欣悦)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 三维培养技术, 牙周膜干细胞, 成骨分化, 组织工程, Wnt/β-catenin信号通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periodontal ligament stem cells, as a member of odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells, are the research hotspot of periodontal bone tissue engineering in recent years. Due to the insufficient number of stem cells and the influence of microenvironment, the regeneration ability of periodontal tissue often cannot meet the needs of treatment. In recent years, flaky cultured cell sheets and three-dimensional cultured cell spheres, as substitutes for single cell suspension injection, can effectively improve the problems of insufficient quantity and microenvironment, and become the research trend of tissue engineering. However, there are few studies on the formation of periodontal ligament stem cell spheres by three-dimensional culture technology. 
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of three-dimensional culture technology on the morphology, activity and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells.
METHODS:  Human periodontal ligament stem cells were cultured by modified enzyme digestion method, and then identified. The morphology of cell spheres was detected by cytoskeleton and nuclear fluorescence labeling. The activity of cell spheres was detected by Live/Dead staining kit. The effects of three-dimensional culture on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic related gene expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The morphology and activity of human periodontal ligament stem cell spheroid cells changed in a time-dependent manner. With the increase of time, the diameter of cell sphere became smaller and the number of dead cells in the core of sphere increased. (2) Compared with two-dimensional culture, three-dimensional culture of human periodontal ligament stem cells increased alkaline phosphatase activity at 3 days of osteogenic induction and the expression of osteogenic related genes and β-catenin at 3, 4, and 7 days of osteogenic induction, suggesting that three-dimensional culture technology can promote the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells, which may be related to Wnt/ β-catenin pathway.

Key words: three-dimensional culture technology, periodontal ligament stem cell, osteogenic differentiation, tissue engineering, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

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