中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 840-845.doi: 10.12307/2023.243

• 骨髓干细胞 bone marrow stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

M2型巨噬细胞外泌体诱导骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化

刘文涛1,冯兴超2,杨  毅2,白生宾1   

  1. 1新疆医科大学基础医学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054;2新疆医科大学第一附属医院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830011
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-08 接受日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2022-08-09
  • 通讯作者: 白生宾,博士,教授,新疆医科大学基础医学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054 杨毅,硕士,副主任医师,新疆医科大学第一附属医院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830011
  • 作者简介:刘文涛,男,1995年生,新疆维吾尔自治区玛纳斯县人,汉族,新疆医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨力学与骨代谢研究。
  • 基金资助:
    自治区科技支疆项目:骨力学生物学协同创新平台(2020E0285),项目负责人:杨毅

Effect of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Liu Wentao1, Feng Xingchao2, Yang Yi2, Bai Shengbin1   

  1. 1School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2022-02-08 Accepted:2022-04-18 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2022-08-09
  • Contact: Bai Shengbin, MD, Professor, School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Yang Yi, Master, Associate chief physician, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Liu Wentao, Master candidate, School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Autonomous Region Science and Technology Support Project: Bone Mechanobiology Collaborative Innovation Platform, No. 2020E0285 (to YY)

摘要:

文题释义:
外泌体:是纳米大小的囊泡,由细胞以受控方式释放并介导细胞外和细胞间活动。外泌体作为巨噬细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞之间沟通的“使者”,可通过传递miRNA、脂质、蛋白质等多种活性分子实现细胞间信息传递,其中miRNA作为外泌体的重要组成部分,受到外泌体脂质双分子层的包裹不易降解,从而更有利于miRNA的传递及进入目标细胞行使其调控功能。
M2型巨噬细胞:主要起抗炎作用,被募集到损伤部位并分泌组织修复信号,在炎症后期启动抗炎反应,M2型巨噬细胞来源外泌体可明显增强骨髓间充质干细胞的归巢效应,且能够调控骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨方向分化,并促进血管生成。

背景:目前研究表明,M2型巨噬细胞能够促进成骨分化并呈网络状调控,外泌体可携带大量信息参与细胞间的信号传导,M2型巨噬细胞来源外泌体是否能促进骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化,有待研究。
目的:探究M2型巨噬细胞来源外泌体对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响。
方法:培养鼠源性巨噬细胞系RAW264.7与鼠骨髓间充质细胞系CP-M131,培养至第3代,应用白细胞介素4诱导巨噬细胞极化为M2型巨噬细胞,从M2型巨噬细胞培养上清中提取外泌体,然后用终质量浓度为0,30,60,90 mg/L的外泌体与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养72 h后收集样本,以及60 mg/L M2型巨噬细胞来源外泌体与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养24,48,72 h后收集样本,Western blot检测骨髓间充质干细胞中成骨相关因子RUNX2和碱性磷酸酶蛋白表达,茜素红染色检测矿物质沉积情况。
结果与结论:①成骨相关因子RUNX2及碱性磷酸酶的表达水平与巨噬细胞外泌体质量浓度密切相关,与空白对照组比较,60 mg/L外泌体组RUNX2、碱性磷酸酶表达明显升高(P < 0.05),干预72 h RUNX2、碱性磷酸酶表达明显升高(P < 0.05);②茜素红实验结果表明,与空白对照组比较,60 mg/L外泌体组钙结节含量较高(P < 0.05),干预72 h钙结节含量较高(P < 0.05);③结果表明,M2型巨噬细胞分泌的外泌体能够诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4719-0214 (刘文涛)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 外泌体, M2型巨噬细胞, 成骨细胞, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 成骨分化

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, studies have shown that M2 macrophages can promote osteogenic differentiation and regulate it in a network, and exosomes can carry a lot of information to participate in intercellular signal transduction. Whether M2 macrophage-derived exosomes can promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells remains to be studied.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS:  Rat derived macrophage line RAW264.7 was cultured with rat bone marrow mesenchymal cell line CP-M131 to the third generation. Interleukin 4 was used to induce macrophages to polarize into M2 macrophages. Exosomes were extracted from M2 macrophage culture supernatant. Exosomes at the final mass concentration of 0, 30, 60, 90 mg/L were cocultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for 72 hours, and 60 mg/L M2 macrophage-derived exosomes were cocultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The expression levels of osteogenic related factors RUNX2 and alkaline phosphatase protein in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected by western blot assay and the mineral deposition was detected by alizarin red staining.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:  (1) The expression levels of osteogenic related factors RUNX2 and alkaline phosphatase were closely related to the mass concentration of macrophage exosomes. Compared with the blank control group, the expression of RUNX2 and alkaline phosphatase in 60 mg/L exosome group increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the expression of RUNX2 and alkaline phosphatase after 72 hours of intervention increased significantly (P < 0.05). (2) The results of alizarin red experiment showed that compared with the blank control group, the content of calcium ion in 60 mg/L exosome group was higher (P < 0.05), and the content of calcium ion after 72 hours of intervention was higher (P < 0.05). (3) The results showed that the exosomes secreted by M2 macrophages in vitro could induce the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts.

Key words: exosome, M2 macrophage, osteoblast, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, osteogenic differentiation

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