中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 962-969.doi: 10.12307/2023.241

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

糖尿病皮肤慢性创面无细胞治疗的进展与问题

许其静1,杨伊春2,雷  微2,杨  莹2,余  江3,夏婷婷2,张  萌3,章  涛2,3,张  潜1   

  1. 1遵义医科大学基础医学院人体解剖学教研室,贵州省遵义市   563000;2遵义医科大学附属医院皮肤科,贵州省遵义市   563000;3遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省细胞工程重点实验室,贵州省遵义市   563003
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-07 接受日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2022-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 张潜,教授,硕士生导师,遵义医科大学基础医学院人体解剖学教研室,贵州省遵义市 563000 章涛,教授,硕士生导师,遵义医科大学附属医院皮肤科,贵州省遵义市 563000;遵义医科大学附属医院贵州省细胞工程重点实验室,贵州省遵义市 563003
  • 作者简介:许其静,女,1993年生,海南省人,黎族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事疾病模型的干细胞治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:
    遵义市科技计划项目[遵市科合HZ字(2019)90号],项目负责人:章涛

Advances and problems in cell-free treatment of diabetic skin chronic wounds

Xu Qijing1, Yang Yichun2, Lei Wei2, Yang Ying2, Yu Jiang3, Xia Tingting2, Zhang Meng3, Zhang Tao2, 3, Zhang Qian1   

  1. 1Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 3Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-02-07 Accepted:2022-04-18 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2022-08-12
  • Contact: Zhang Qian, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China Zhang Tao, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Xu Qijing, Master candidate, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Program of Zunyi City, No. (2019)90 (to ZT)

摘要:

文题释义:
无细胞治疗:系采取细胞的分泌物如外泌体、生长因子等进行治疗,而不是直接使用细胞进行治疗的一种治疗方法。
创面愈合:是指由于致伤因子(如外科手术、外力、热、电流、化学物质、低温以及机体内在因素,如局部血液供应障碍等)的作用造成组织缺失后,局部组织通过再生、修复、重建,进行修补的一系列病理生理过程,本质上是机体对各种有害因素作用所致的组织细胞损伤的一种固有的防御性适应性反应。

背景:糖尿病皮肤溃疡是糖尿病的难治并发症之一,发生后迁延不愈。以往研究发现,间充质干细胞具有组织修复和炎症免疫调节能力,并且相关研究表明间充质干细胞可能主要是通过旁分泌效应分泌各种细胞因子和外泌体等,发挥组织与创面修复作用。因而可使用生长因子、间充质干细胞条件培养基及外泌体等治疗糖尿病皮肤慢性创面,以直接或间接机制对伤口愈合产生积极影响。
目的:总结生长因子、条件培养基和外泌体等促进糖尿病皮肤慢性创面修复的相关机制、应用效果,以及无细胞治疗在当前研究的局限性。
方法:由第一作者检索PubMed及Web of Science数据库中收录的相关文献,检索词为“Diabetes,Diabetic foot,Diabetic foot ulcers, Chronic wound,Mesenchymal stem cells,Cell-free,Exosomes,Growth factors,Conditioned mediums,Wound healing,Tissue repair,Angiogenesis,Regeneration,Biomaterial”,文献检索时限为2005年1月至2022年2月,经过阅读并筛选整理,选择与综述内容相符的文献,最终确定整理出75篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①间充质干细胞条件培养基、外泌体和生长因子可通过不同机制改善局部微环境,促进慢性创面的愈合;②通过条件培养基、外泌体和生长因子与新兴的组织工程生物学材料(如细胞支架、水凝胶等)相结合,可使其发挥更强的促进慢性创面愈合的作用;③基于间充质干细胞条件培养基、外泌体、生长因子的无细胞疗法是促进慢性创面修复的极有前景的治疗策略,要实现由临床前研究转化到临床研究,确保其用于患者治疗的安全性,还需要进行更多的研究,以查明相应的治疗作用机制。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7940-5208(许其静);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7249-4191 (张潜);
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-8001 (章涛)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 糖尿病足溃疡, 慢性创面, 间充质干细胞, 无细胞治疗, 外泌体, 生长因子, 条件培养基, 生物材料, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diabetic skin ulcer is one of the refractory complications of diabetes mellitus and cannot be cured after occurrence. Previous studies have found that mesenchymal stem cells have the ability of tissue repair and inflammatory immune regulation. Relevant studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells may secrete various cytokines and exosomes mainly through the paracrine effect and play a role in tissue and wound repair, and. Therefore, the use of growth factors, mesenchymal stem cell conditioned mediums and exosomes in the treatment of chronic diabetic skin wounds can have a positive effect on wound healing through direct or indirect mechanisms.  
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the related mechanisms and application effects of growth factors, conditioned mediums and exosomes on promoting diabetic skin chronic wound repair, as well as the limitations of cell-free therapy in current research.
METHODS:  The first author searched relevant articles published from January 2005 to February 2022 on PubMed and Web of Science. The key words were “diabetes, diabetic foot, diabetic foot ulcers, chronic wound, mesenchymal stem cells, cell-free, exosomes, growth factors, conditioned mediums, wound healing, tissue repair, angiogenesis, regeneration, biomaterial ” in English. After reading, screening and sorting, the articles consistent with the content of the review were collected. Finally, 75 articles were selected for review.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned mediums, exosomes and growth factors can improve the local microenvironment and promote the healing of chronic wounds through different mechanisms. (2) The combination of conditioned mediums, exosomes and growth factors with emerging tissue engineering biological materials (such as cell scaffolds and hydrogels) can make them play a stronger role in promoting chronic wound healing. (3) Cell-free therapy with conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes and growth factors is a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting chronic wound healing. More research is needed to identify the mechanism of action in order to transfer from preclinical studies to clinical studies and ensure its safety in patients.

Key words: diabetic foot ulcer, chronic wound, mesenchymal stem cell, cell-free therapy, exosome, growth factor, conditional medium, biological material, review

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