中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 1286-1291.doi: 10.12307/2023.090

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

环状RNA调控脑缺血发病的作用与机制

聂晨晨1,苏凯奇1,高    静1,2,凡勇福1,阮晓迪1,袁    洁1,段昭远1,冯晓东1,2   

  1. 1河南中医药大学康复医学院,河南省郑州市  450046;2河南中医药大学第一附属医院康复中心,河南省郑州市  450000
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-21 接受日期:2022-05-06 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2022-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 冯晓东,主任医师,博士生导师,河南中医药大学第一附属医院康复中心,河南省郑州市 450000;河南中医药大学康复医学院,河南省郑州市 450046
  • 作者简介:聂晨晨,女,1996年生,河南省永城市人,汉族,河南中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事脑卒中后康复治疗及相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82174473),项目负责人:冯晓东;国家自然科学联合基金项目(U2004131),项目负责人:冯晓东;河南省神经修复重点实验室开放课题(HNSJXF-2021-005),项目负责人:冯晓东;河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2018JDZX011),项目负责人:冯晓东;河南省科技攻关计划(202102310167),项目负责人:冯晓东

The regulatory role of circular RNAs in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

Nie Chenchen1, Su Kaiqi1, Gao Jing1, 2, Fan Yongfu1, Ruan Xiaodi1, Yuan Jie1, Duan Zhaoyuan1, Feng Xiaodong1, 2   

  1. 1Medical College of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; 2Rehabilitation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2022-03-21 Accepted:2022-05-06 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2022-07-29
  • Contact: Feng Xiaodong, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Medical College of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; Rehabilitation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Nie Chenchen, Master candidate, Medical College of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 82174473 (to FXD); National Natural Science Joint Fund Project, No. U2004131 (to FXD); Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoration Open Project, No. HNSJXF-2021-005 (to FXD); Henan Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Special Project, No. 2018JDZX011 (to FXD); Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Plan, No. 202102310167 (to FXD)

摘要:

文题释义:
缺血性脑卒中:是人类世界范围内发病和死亡的重要原因之一,其病理损伤机制主要包括细胞凋亡、细胞自噬、氧化应激、炎症反应、血管新生及血脑屏障等。
环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA):是一类新型保守的内源性非编码RNA,其特征在于通过反向剪接的特殊类型产生的共价闭环结构,是目前非编码RNA领域的最新研究热点。

背景:缺血性脑卒中是一种破坏性的脑血管疾病,与全球高致残率和死亡率有关。目前临床治疗缺血性脑卒中的效果有限,仍需进一步探究其发病机制,有助于寻求更新颖的治疗靶点。新近研究表明环状RNA不仅在基因表达调控中担当重要角色,而且在脑缺血发病机制中也发挥了重要作用。
目的:从细胞凋亡、自噬、氧化应激、炎症反应、血管新生、血脑屏障等方面对环状RNA在脑缺血发病机制中的调控作用进行阐述,以期为临床研究提供思路。
方法:应用计算机从中国知网(CNKI)、万方中文数据库及PubMed数据库检索2010年3月至2022年3月收录的相关文献;以“缺血性脑卒中、急性缺血性脑卒中、核糖核酸、非编码RNA、环状RNA、细胞凋亡、细胞自噬、氧化应激、炎症反应、血管新生、血脑屏障”为中文检索词,以“ischemic stroke,acute ischemic stroke,RNA,ncRNA,RNA,Circular,circRNA,apoptosis,autophagy,oxidative stress,inflammation,angiogenesis,blood brain barrier”为英文检索词,最终纳入48 篇文献进行研究分析。
结果与结论:①环状RNA是一类具有闭合环状结构的非编码RNA分子,特点是反向剪接和缺乏5’端帽子和3’端多聚腺苷酸尾巴,其广泛存在于真核细胞中,具有许多重要的调控功能。已有证据表明环状RNA在缺血性脑卒中的病程发展中起着非常重要的作用,如:circSHOC2作为miR-7670-3p的海绵,可通过调节自噬促进去乙酰化酶1(SIRT1)的表达以减少神经元损伤;一项微阵列显示,当小鼠脑中动脉阻塞时circHECTD1的水平显著增加,敲低circHECTD1的表达可显著减少小鼠的脑梗死体积,进而减少其神经元损伤和改善星形胶质细胞激活。②环状RNA具有高度稳定性和进化保守性,其环状结构对核糖核酸酶不敏感,比线性更稳定,因此环状RNA可能在开发新型疾病诊断与治疗方法方面更具有潜力。③目前对于环状RNA在缺血性脑卒中的作用机制仅有少量研究,其具体机制仍不明朗,相关治疗策略也需进一步完善,因此深入研究环状RNA调控缺血性脑卒中后的作用机制,探索未来精准治疗缺血性脑卒中新的潜在靶点极其重要。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8709-7153(聂晨晨)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 缺血性脑卒中, 环状RNA, 非编码RNA, 脑缺血再灌注损伤, 细胞凋亡, 细胞自噬, 氧化应激, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is a devastating cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, clinical treatments for ischemic stroke have limited efficacies and its pathogenesis still needs to be further explored, which will help to find more novel therapeutic targets. Recent studies have shown that circular RNAs not only play an important role in the regulation of gene expression but also play an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia.
OBJECTIVE: To review the regulatory role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia from the aspects of apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and blood-brain barrier, which is expected to provide ideas for clinical research on the role of circular RNAs in ischemic stroke.
METHODS: Relevant literatures published from March 2010 to March 2022 were retrieved in CNKI, WanFang Chinese database and PubMed using computer. Search terms included “ischemic stroke, acute ischemic stroke, RNA, ncRNA, RNA, Circular, circRNA, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, blood brain barrier” in Chinese and English. Finally 48 articles were included for further review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Circular RNAs are a class of non-coding RNA molecules with a closed loop structure, characterized by back splicing and lack of 5’ end cap and 3’ end polyadenylation tail. It exists widely in eukaryotic cells and has many important regulatory functions. Existing evidence has revealed that circular RNAs play an important role in the development of ischemic stroke. For example, circSHOC2 functions as a sponge for miR-7670-3p that can reduce neuronal damage by regulating autophagy-promoting sirt1 expression. A microarray study showed that the level of circHECTD1 was dramatically increased in mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Knockdown of circHECTD1 remarkably reduced cerebral infarct volume in mice, which in turn reduced neuronal damage and improved astrocyte activation. Circular RNAs are highly stable and evolutionarily conserved, and their circular structures are insensitive to ribonucleases and are more stable than linear ones, thus making circular RNAs more potential for developing novel disease diagnosis and treatment methods. At present, there is only a small amount of research on the mechanism of circular RNAs in ischemic stroke and its specific mechanism is still unclear. Related treatment strategies need to be further improved. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to further study the mechanism by which circular RNAs regulate ischemic stroke and to explore new potential targets for precise treatment of ischemic stroke in the future.

Key words: ischemic stroke, circular RNA, non-coding RNA, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, review

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