中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 1300-1305.doi: 10.12307/2023.051

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后的免疫炎性微环境

高  煜,韩佳慧,葛  新   

  1. 苏州大学附属无锡九院重症医学科,江苏省无锡市  214000
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-18 接受日期:2022-03-12 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2022-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 葛新,博士,副主任医师,苏州大学附属无锡九院重症医学科,江苏省无锡市 214000
  • 作者简介:高煜,男,1992年生,江苏省无锡市人,南通大学神经再生重点实验室2018届毕业,硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    无锡市卫健委精准医学重点专项(J202007),项目负责人:葛新

Immunoinflammatory microenvironment after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury

Gao Yu, Han Jiahui, Ge Xin   

  1. Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuxi Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2022-01-18 Accepted:2022-03-12 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2022-07-29
  • Contact: Ge Xin, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuxi Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Gao Yu, Master, Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuxi Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Precision Medicine Project of Wuxi Municipal Healthy Commission, No. J202007 (to GX)

摘要:

文题释义:
脊髓缺血再灌注损伤:是创伤、脊髓和胸腹主动脉手术后的一种严重并发症。血液灌流恢复后,原发性缺血脊髓组织损伤加重,甚至出现脊髓神经元迟发性死亡。脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的发病机制包括无氧自由基诱导的脂质过氧化、细胞内钙超载、白细胞活化、炎症反应和神经元凋亡等。
炎性微环境:脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后炎症反应中涉及多种免疫细胞,以小胶质细胞、 巨噬细胞、星形胶质细胞为主,这些细胞长期存在于受损脊髓内。免疫细胞的组成和表型也随着损伤阶段和损伤微环境中的信号而改变,刺激可以诱导细胞分化为促炎表型,也可以分化为抑炎表型,从而调节缺血再灌注损伤后的继发性损伤。

背景:脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后炎性微环境的变化影响着损伤修复和预后。
目的:对脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后炎性微环境研究进展进行综述。
方法:以“spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion,inflammaion,Microglia,Astrocytes,Macrophages,Crosstalk”为英文检索词,以“脊髓缺血再灌注损伤,炎症,小胶质细胞,星形胶质细胞,巨噬细胞,细胞交互”为中文检索词,检索发表在PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库的相关文献,最终纳入 42 篇文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论:免疫炎性微环境的变化对脊髓缺血再灌注损伤后神经细胞损伤和修复具有调控作用,如小胶质细胞通过活化为M1/M2表型来调控炎症反应抵御传染源、清除凋亡和受损细胞、重塑不适当的神经连接从而帮助神经系统恢复稳态;星形胶质细胞在炎症因子的刺激下通过活化为A1/A2表型调控免疫过程来维持中枢神经系统稳态和神经元功能;以及巨噬细胞通过活化为M1/M2型来调控免疫过程修复损伤的脊髓组织,它们互相影响着彼此,如小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞彼此也相互影响,如脊髓损伤时,小胶质细胞最先活化并释放炎症因子诱导星形胶质细胞激活,释放相应的细胞因子、趋化因子、Ca2+等来调节小胶质细胞的表型和功能,通过维持免疫炎性微环境稳态才是脊髓缺血再灌注损伤治疗的关键。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-8623(高煜);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-8016 (葛新)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脊髓缺血再灌注损伤, 炎症, 免疫细胞, 小胶质细胞, 星形胶质细胞, 巨噬细胞, 细胞交互, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The changes in the immunoinflammatory microenvironment after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury affect injury repair and prognosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in the immunoinflammatory microenvironment after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases were searched for relevant studies using the keywords of “spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion, inflammation, microglia, astrocytes, macrophages, crosstalk” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 42 relevant articles were included for further review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Changes in the immunoinflammatory microenvironment can regulate nerve cell injury and repair after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. For example, microglia can be differentiated into M1/M2 phenotypes to regulate inflammatory responses, resist infectious sources, remove apoptotic and damaged cells, and reshape inappropriate neural connections, thereby helping the nervous system restore homeostasis. Astrocytes can regulate immune process through differentiation into A1/A2 phenotype to maintain homeostasis in the central nervous system and neuronal function under the stimulation of inflammatory factors. Macrophages can regulate immune process and repair injured spinal cord tissue by differentiation into M1/M2 phenotype. Microglia, astrocytes and macrophages also affect each other. For example, after spinal cord injury, microglia are the first to activate and release inflammatory factors to induce the activation of astrocytes and then release corresponding cytokines, chemokines, and Ca2+ to regulate the phenotype and function of microglia. Maintaining the homeostasis of immunoinflammatory microenvironment is the key to the treatment of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Key words: spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammation, immune cell, microglia, astrocyte, macrophage, crosstalk, review

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