中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 827-834.doi: 10.12307/2023.265

• 干细胞外泌体 Stem cell exosomes • 上一篇    下一篇

吸入骨髓间充质干细胞来源外泌体减轻慢性阻塞性肺疾病的炎性损伤

王  敏1,尹秀山2,王盈熹1,张  妍1,赵  龙1,夏书月1   

  1. 1沈阳医学院附属中心医院呼吸内科,辽宁省沈阳市   110024;2沈阳化工大学,辽宁省沈阳市   110142
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-04 接受日期:2022-04-29 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2022-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 夏书月,博士,主任医师,沈阳医学院附属中心医院呼吸内科,辽宁省沈阳市 110024 赵龙,硕士,主任医师,沈阳医学院附属中心医院呼吸内科,辽宁省沈阳市 110024
  • 作者简介:王敏,女,1994年生,辽宁省沈阳市人,汉族,沈阳医学院附属中心医院在读硕士,主要从事慢性阻塞性肺疾病治疗及预防方面的相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省科学技术计划项目(LNCCC-D14-2015),项目负责人:夏书月;沈阳市科学技术计划项目(17-230-9-05),项目负责人:夏书月;沈阳市科学技术计划项目(20-205-4-073),项目负责人:赵龙;沈阳医学院硕士研究生科技创新基金项目(Y20210516),项目负责人:王敏

Inhalation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes alleviates inflammatory injury in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Wang Min1, Yin Xiushan2, Wang Yingxi1, Zhang Yan1, Zhao Long1, Xia Shuyue1   

  1. 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, Liaoning Province, China; 2Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2022-03-04 Accepted:2022-04-29 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2022-08-11
  • Contact: Xia Shuyue, MD, Chief physician, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, Liaoning Province, China Zhao Long, Master, Chief physician, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Wang Min, Master candidate, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Liaoning Province Science and Technology Project, No. LNCCC-D14-2015 (to XSY); Shenyang Science and Technology Project, No. 17-230-9-05 (to XSY); Shenyang Science and Technology Project, No. 20-205-4-073 (to ZL); Science and Technology Innovation Fund project for Graduate students of Shenyang Medical College, No. Y20210516 (to WM)

摘要:

文题释义:
外泌体:是各种类型细胞分泌的纳米级(40-100 nm)膜囊泡。作为一种细胞间通讯工具,可将其内容物从供体细胞转移到受体细胞来传递信息。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病:是一种复杂的高度异质性呼吸系统疾病,特征为慢性气道炎症、不可逆的气流受限和肺功能严重受损。

背景:研究表明骨髓间充质干细胞源外泌体在多种呼吸系统炎症及疾病损伤模型中表现出强大的修复和再生能力,但在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的研究较少,且尚未有研究将外泌体雾化吸入应用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病的模型实验中。
目的:探讨大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞源外泌体通过雾化吸入途径对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠炎症和肺部损伤的治疗作用,并且明确最适治疗
剂量。
方法:体外分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,并提取鉴定其外泌体。脂多糖联合烟熏28 d建立慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠模型,然后给予低剂量(0.5×108 particles/kg)、中剂量(1.0×108 particles/kg)、高剂量(1.5×108 particles/kg)外泌体雾化吸入治疗以及外泌体(1.5×108 particles/kg)尾静脉注射治疗,模型组雾化1 mL PBS,对照组不造模、雾化1 mL PBS。连续雾化或注射治疗5 d,最后一次雾化或注射治疗后的第2天开始检测,使用小动物肺功能仪测试各组肺功能指标,ELISA检测支气管肺泡灌洗液及血清中的白细胞介素1β和肿瘤坏死因子α水平,苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色从组织学评估肺组织改变。
结果与结论:①骨髓间充质干细胞来源外泌体在透射电镜下显示为椭圆形的双层膜囊泡结构,呈典型的杯口状,粒径分析提示外泌体的峰直径为91.7 nm,占比为97.3%,颗粒浓度为3.3×109 L-1,并且外泌体表面蛋白CD9和CD63高表达;②与尾静脉注射外泌体相比,雾化吸入外泌体显著改善了慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠的肺功能、肺组织切片胶原沉积和肺组织病理变化,并且明显降低了支气管肺泡灌洗液和血清中白细胞介素1β和肿瘤坏死因子α水平,且低剂量外泌体治疗效果最为显著;③以上结果表明,雾化吸入骨髓间充质干细胞来源外泌体可以减轻慢性阻塞性肺疾病的炎性损伤,并且最适剂量可能为0.5×108 particles/kg。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2312-6592 (王敏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 骨髓间充质干细胞, 外泌体, 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 雾化吸入, 炎症, 肺部损伤

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells show strong repair and regeneration ability in various models of respiratory inflammation and disease injury, but there are few studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and no studies have applied aerosolized inhalation of exosomes in model experiments of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of exosomes derived from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on inflammation and lung injury in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by aerosol inhalation, and to determine the optimal therapeutic dose.
METHODS:  Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, and exosomes were extracted and identified. The rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was established by lipopolysaccharide combined with smoking for 28 days. Then low dose (0.5×108 particles/kg), medium dose (1.0×108 particles/kg), and high dose (1.5×108 particles/kg) exosome aerosol treatment and exosome (1.5×108 particles/kg) were given by tail vein injection. The model group was atomized with 1 mL PBS, while the control group was not molded with 1 mL PBS. Continuous atomization or injection was conducted for 5 days, and the test was started on the second day after the last atomization or injection treatment. The lung function indexes were tested by small animal pulmonary function instrument. The levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were detected by ELISA. The changes of lung tissues were assessed histologically by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The exosomes of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells showed elliptic double-membrane vesicles under transmission electron microscopy, which were typical cup-shaped. Particle size analysis indicated that the peak diameter of exosomes was 91.7 nm, accounting for 97.3%, and the particle concentration was 3.3×109 L-1. In addition, surface proteins CD9 and CD63 were highly expressed. (2) Compared with caudal vein injection of exosome, aerosol inhalation of exosome significantly improved lung function, collagen deposition and pathological changes of lung tissue in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and significantly decreased the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. The low exosome dose had the most significant therapeutic effect. (3) These results suggest that inhalation of exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can reduce inflammatory injury in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the optimal dose may be 0.5×108 particles/kg.

Key words: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, exosome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atomization inhalation, inflammation, lung injury

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