中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 676-682.doi: 10.12307/2022.1020

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

运动训练老年骨质疏松大鼠骨量及骨微结构的变化

王金玲1,2,3,黄夏荣1,2,3,屈萌艰1,2,3,黄福锦1,2,3,尹林伟1,2,3,钟培瑞1,2,3,刘  静1,2,3,孙光华1,2,3,廖  阳1,2,3,周  君1,2,3   

  1. 南华大学衡阳医学院附属第一医院,1康复医学中心,2康复医学科,3康复医学实验室,湖南省衡阳市  421001
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-15 接受日期:2022-03-07 出版日期:2023-02-18 发布日期:2022-07-21
  • 通讯作者: 周君,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,南华大学衡阳医学院,附属第一医院,康复医学中心,康复医学科,康复医学实验室,湖南省衡阳市 421001
  • 作者简介:王金玲,女,1997年生,湖南省浏阳市人,汉族,南华大学衡阳医学院,附属第一医院在读硕士,主要从事骨质疏松症的康复临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2020JJ4085),项目负责人:周君;湖南省卫健委重点项目(202103060198),项目负责人:周君;南华大学校级重点项目(USCKF201902K02),项目负责人:周君

Effects of exercise training on bone mass and bone microstructure in aged osteoporotic rats

Wang Jinling1, 2, 3, Huang Xiarong1, 2, 3, Qu Mengjian1, 2, 3, Huang Fujin1, 2, 3, Yin Lingwei1, 2, 3, Zhong Peirui1, 2, 3, Liu Jin1, 2, 3, Sun Guanghua1, 2, 3, Liao Yang1, 2, 3, Zhou Jun1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Rehabilitation Medicine Center, 2Department of Rehabilitation, 3Rehabilitation Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2022-01-15 Accepted:2022-03-07 Online:2023-02-18 Published:2022-07-21
  • Contact: Zhou Jun, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, 1Rehabilitation Medicine Center, 2Department of Rehabilitation, 3Rehabilitation Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jinling, Master candidate, 1Rehabilitation Medicine Center, 2Department of Rehabilitation, 3Rehabilitation Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 2020JJ4085 (to ZJ); Key Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission, No. 202103060198 (to ZJ); Key Project of South China University, No. USCKF201902K02 (to ZJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨质疏松症:是一种以骨量减低、骨组织微结构损坏导致骨脆性增加、易发生骨折为特征的全身性骨病,其中老年骨质疏松症属于原发性骨质疏松,其骨代谢属于低转换状态。
骨形成蛋白2/Runt相关转录因子2/Osterix信号通路:骨形成蛋白是一种广泛存在于骨基质中的酸性糖蛋白,骨形成蛋白2是促进骨形成和诱导成骨细胞分化最重要的细胞外信号分子之一;Runt相关转录因子是调控间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的特异性转录因子,Runt相关转录因子2是骨形成蛋白2的靶基因;Osterix是成骨细胞特异性转录因子,骨形成蛋白2可以通过转录因子Runt相关转录因子2调节Osterix的表达,从而促进骨形成。

背景:运动训练有维持骨量、改善骨密度的作用,但其对老年骨质疏松的作用及可能机制尚不完全明确。
目的:观察运动训练对老年骨质疏松的影响及可能的分子机制。
方法:将16只24月龄老年SD大鼠按照随机抽样法分为老年模型组和运动训练组,每组8只;将8只3月龄青年SD大鼠作为青年对照组。3组大鼠在饲养笼中自由活动,其中运动训练组大鼠进行跑步机运动干预8周,训练结束后采用ELISA法检测血清骨源性碱性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型前胶原N-端前肽、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原交联N-末端肽水平,双能X射线骨密度仪检测大鼠股骨和第4腰椎骨密度,Micro-CT检测并分析大鼠胫骨和第5腰椎的骨微结构及参数,反转录聚合酶链反应和Western blot检测股骨骨髓组织中骨形成蛋白2、Runt相关转录因子2、Osterix、过氧化物增殖激活受体γ mRNA和蛋白的表达。
结果与结论:①与老年模型组比较,运动训练组大鼠血清骨源性碱性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型前胶原N-端前肽水平升高(P < 0.05),抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原交联N-末端肽水平降低(P < 0.05);股骨骨密度升高(P < 0.05);第4腰椎骨密度有上升的趋势,但无显著性差异(P > 0.05);胫骨骨体积分数、骨小梁数量升高(P < 0.05),骨小梁间隙降低(P < 0.05),骨小梁厚度无明显变化(P > 0.05);第5腰椎的骨体积分数、骨小梁数量、骨小梁厚度有升高的趋势,但无显著性差异(P > 0.05);骨小梁间隙降低(P < 0.05);股骨骨髓中骨形成蛋白2、Runt相关转录因子2与Osterix mRNA和蛋白表达升高(P < 0.05);过氧化物增殖激活受体γ mRNA和蛋白表达降低(P < 0.05);②结果表明,运动训练可显著改善老年骨质疏松大鼠的骨量、骨微结构,促进成骨分化,抑制成脂分化,其机制可能与骨形成蛋白2/Runt相关转录因子2/Osterix信号通路有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2723-8989(王金玲)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 老年骨质疏松, 运动训练, 骨形成蛋白2, Runt相关转录因子2, Osterix, 信号通路, 骨形成, 骨吸收, 大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise training can maintain bone mass and improve bone mineral density. However, its effect on senile osteoporosis and its possible mechanism are not clear.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of exercise training on senile osteoporosis and to explore its possible molecular mechanism.
METHODS: Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats aged 24 months old were regarded as the model of senile osteoporosis and randomly divided into elderly model group (n=8) and exercise training group (n=8), while eight young Sprague-Dawley rats of 3 months old were randomly selected as young control group. All rats moved freely in their cages and those in the exercise training group underwent exercise training every day for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of intervention, serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, type I procollagen amino-terminal peptide, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b and type I collagen amino-terminal peptide were detected using ELISA assay. Bone mineral density of the femur and the fourth lumbar vertebra were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, while bone microstructural parameters of the tibia and the fifth lumbar vertebra were determined by Micro-CT in each group. mRNA and protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2, Runt-related transcription factor 2, Osterix, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in bone marrow of the femur were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blot.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the elderly model group, the serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and type I procollagen amino-terminal peptide (P < 0.05), bone mineral density of the femur (P < 0.05) but not that of the fourth lumbar vertebra (P > 0.05), bone volume fraction and trabecular number of the tibia (P < 0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, Runt-related transcription factor 2, and Osterix in the femur (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in the elderly model group, while the serum levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b and type I collagen amino-terminal peptide (P < 0.05), trabecular separation of the tibia and the fifth lumbar vertebra (P < 0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, exercise training could improve the bone volume fraction, trabecular number and trabecular thickness of the fifth lumbar vertebra in rats with senile osteoporosis, although the differences in changes were not always statistically significant 
(P > 0.05). The trabecular thickness of the tibia had no significant changes after exercise training (P > 0.05). To conclude, exercise training can significantly improve bone mineral density and bone microstructure, promote osteogenic differentiation, and inhibit adipogenic differentiation in aged osteoporotic rats. The mechanism may be related to the bone morphogenetic protein 2/Runt-related transcription factor 2/Osterix signaling pathway.

Key words: senile osteoporosis, exercise training, bone morphogenetic protein 2, Runt-related transcription factor 2, Osterix, signaling pathway, bone formation, bone resorption, rat

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