中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 59-65.doi: 10.12307/2023.218

• 干细胞培养与分化 stem cell culture and differentiation • 上一篇    下一篇

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1β对乳腺癌干细胞干性表达的调控

赵菊芬1,马  荣2,曹  佳2,于传扬1,陶  翔1,王  嘉2,王立斌2   

  1. 1宁夏医科大学临床医学院,宁夏回族自治区银川市   750004;2宁夏医科大学总医院生物芯片国家工程研究中心宁夏分中心,宁夏回族自治区银川市   750004
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-06 接受日期:2022-01-28 出版日期:2023-01-08 发布日期:2022-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 王立斌,博士,研究员,宁夏医科大学总医院生物芯片国家工程研究中心宁夏分中心,宁夏回族自治区银川市 750004
  • 作者简介:赵菊芬,女,1990年生,宁夏回族自治区吴忠市人,汉族,宁夏医科大学在读硕士,主要从事肿瘤细胞生物学相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81860470),项目负责人:王立斌;宁夏高层次科技创新领军人才项目(KJT2019003),项目负责人:王立斌;宁夏重点研发计划对外科技合作专项项目(2019BFH02012):项目负责人:王立斌

Regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 beta on stemness expression in breast cancer stem cells

Zhao Jufen1, Ma Rong2, Cao Jia2, Yu Chuanyang1, Tao Xiang1, Wang Jia2, Wang Libin2   

  1. 1Clinical Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China; 2National Biochip Research Center Sub-Center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-12-06 Accepted:2022-01-28 Online:2023-01-08 Published:2022-06-06
  • Contact: Wang Libin, MD, Researcher, National Biochip Research Center Sub-Center in Ningxia, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zhao Jufen, Master candidate, Clinical Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860470 (to WLB); Ningxia High-Level Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents Project, No. KJT2019003 (to WLB); Foreign Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Key Ningxia Research and Development Program, No. 2019BFH02012 (to WLB)

摘要:

文题释义:
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1β(PGC-1β):过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1家族的3个主要成员(PGC-1α,PGC-1β和 PRC)在能量代谢调节、维持葡萄糖稳态和脂质代谢中发挥着关键作用,PGC-1β作为其成员的重要组成部分,是线粒体氧化能量代谢和抗氧化防御的主要调控因子。过去几年的研究表明,PGC-1β表达与癌症的进展有关,其在癌症中的表达与正常组织存在显著差异性。
上皮-间充质转化:是一种在胚胎发育、炎症、组织重建和伤口愈合过程中通过特定程序转化为具有间质表型的潜在细胞-生物学过程。上皮-间充质转化相关蛋白有E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Slug、Vimentin、ZEB1等。研究表明,上皮-间充质转化过程的激活与正常干细胞和肿瘤干细胞的形成密切相关,并且上皮-间充质转化作为肿瘤转移的关键机制,在癌细胞的侵袭和转移过程中发挥重要作用。
PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路:是驱动乳腺癌细胞生长、存活的最常见途径之一,几乎在所有的恶性肿瘤中都表现出异常表达,是一条对营养物质、激素和生长因子有反应的复杂的细胞内信号通路。对肿瘤干细胞维持和干性基因蛋白表达的调控作用,尚无明确研究结论。

背景:研究表明,过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1β(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1beta,PGC-1β)通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路影响乳腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移及凋亡。而PGC-1β能否通过PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路影响乳腺癌干细胞的干性及其影响机制还不清楚。
目的:探究PGC-1β对乳腺癌干细胞干性的影响及调控机制。
方法:将PGC-1β空载体、过表达载体(Lv-PGC-1β)、干扰载体(Sh-PGC-1β)分别转染乳腺肿瘤MCF-7细胞,荧光显微镜观察转染效果;qRT-PCR及Western blot验证慢病毒转染后PGC-1β mRNA和蛋白的相对表达。在干性培养基中分别培养未转染组、PGC-1β空载体组、PGC-1β过表达组及PGC-1β干扰组的MCF-7细胞使其成为乳腺癌干细胞,显微镜下观察并记录干细胞球体的形成过程,Western blot验证干性标志物(ABCG2、ALDH1、OCT4)、上皮-间充质转化标记物(E-Cadherin、N-Cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和ZEB1)及PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路核心蛋白的相对表达。
结果与结论:①MCF-7贴壁细胞经干性培养基培养形成了折光性好、中间密度高的致密球干细胞;②乳腺癌干细胞干性蛋白的表达明显高于其贴壁细胞(P < 0.01);③与未转染组、空载体组相比,PGC-1β过表达组乳腺癌干细胞的形成时间缩短,细胞球体数目增多、球体直径增大(P < 0.01),而PGC-1β干扰组细胞球体数目减少、球体直径减小(P < 0.01);④PGC-1β过表达组干性相关蛋白的表达高于未转染组、空载体组(P < 0.01),上皮-间充质转化相关蛋白E-Cadherin表达低于未转染组、空载体组(P < 0.01),而N-Cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和ZEB1的表达高于未转染组、空载体组(P < 0.01);PI3K/AKT/mTOR相关蛋白及其磷酸化相关蛋白表达高于未转染组、空载体组(P < 0.01),PGC-1β干扰组结果则与PGC-1β过表达组相反;⑤结果提示,PGC-1β能够通过激活PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路影响乳腺癌干细胞上皮-间充质转化,从而促进乳腺癌干细胞的形成及干性相关标志物的表达。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-0941(赵菊芬)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: PGC-1β, MCF-7细胞, 乳腺癌干细胞, 干性, 转染, 上皮-间充质转化, PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路, 成球实验

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 beta (PGC-1β) affected the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of breast cancer cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. However, whether PGC-1β can affect the stemness of breast cancer stem cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and its influencing mechanism has not been elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and regulatory mechanism of PGC-1β on stemness of breast cancer stem cells.
METHODS:  MCF-7 cells were transfected with PGC-1β empty vector, PGC-1β overexpression vector (Lv-PGC-1β) and interference vector (Sh-PGC-1β), respectively. The transfection effect was observed under fluorescence microscope. The relative expression of PGC-1β mRNA and protein after lentivirus transfection was verified by qRT-PCR and western blot assay. The cells of non-transfection group, PGC-1β empty vector group, PGC-1β overexpression vector group and PGC-1β interference vector group were cultured with stemness medium to foster breast cancer stem cells. The formation process of the spheres was observed and recorded under the microscope. Western blot assay was used to verify the relative expression of stemness proteins (ABCG2, ALDH1 and OCT-4), epithelial-mesenchymal transition proteins (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Slug and ZEB1) and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway related proteins.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) MCF-7 adherent cells were cultured in stemness medium to form dense sphere stem cells with good refractive index and high intermediate density. (2) The expression of stemness protein in breast cancer stem cells was significantly higher than that in adherent cells (P < 0.01). (3) Compared with the non-transfection and PGC-1β empty vector groups, the formation time of breast cancer stem cells was shorter, and the number and diameter of spheres were increased in the PGC-1β overexpression vector group (P < 0.01); however, the number of spheroids and the diameter of spheroids decreased in the PGC-1β interference vector group (P < 0.01). (4) The expression of stemness-related proteins in PGC-1β overexpression group was higher than that in non-transfection group and PGC-1β empty vector group (P < 0.01). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition protein E-Cadherin expression was lower in the PGC-1β overexpression vector group than that in the non-transfection group and PGC-1β empty vector group (P < 0.01). The expression levels of N-Cadherin, Vimentin, Slug and ZEB1 were higher in the PGC-1β overexpression vector group than those in the non-transfection group and the PGC-1β empty vector group (P < 0.01). The expression levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR-related proteins and their phosphorylation-related proteins were higher in the PGC-1β overexpression vector group than those in the non-transfection group and PGC-1β empty vector group (P < 0.01). The results of the PGC-1β interference vector group were opposite to that of the PGC-1β overexpression vector group. (5) These results suggest that PGC-1β can promote the expression of stemness genes and proteins in breast cancer stem cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Key words: PGC-1β, MCF-7 cell, breast cancer stem cell, stemness, transfection, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, mammosphere experiment

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