中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 264-269.doi: 10.12307/2022.1002

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

有氧和抗阻运动干预2型糖尿病模型大鼠海马抗氧化应激指标和脑源性神经营养因子表达的变化

税晓平1,2,3,李春莹4,李明娟1,李顺昌3,孙君志3,苏全生3   

  1. 1四川中医药高等专科学校,四川省绵阳市  621000;2绵阳市骨科医院,四川省绵阳市  621000;3成都体育学院运动医学与健康学院,四川省成都市  610041;4绵阳市中医医院,四川省绵阳市  621000
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-22 接受日期:2021-12-31 出版日期:2023-01-18 发布日期:2022-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 税晓平,博士,副教授,四川中医药高等专科学校,四川省绵阳市 621000;绵阳市骨科医院,四川省绵阳市 621000;成都体育学院运动医学与健康学院,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:税晓平,男,1984 年生,四川省射洪市人,汉族,2019 年成都体育学院毕业,博士,副教授,主要从事运动损伤防治与健康促进方向研究、骨与关节系统疾病临床康复治疗与基础理论研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2018年度四川中医药高等专科学校科研项目(18ZRYB03),项目负责人:税晓平;绵阳市高等教育“三三工程”(市级特色专业-康复治疗技术专业建设)项目(202055),项目负责人:税晓平

Effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on antioxidant stress index and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the hippocampus of type 2 diabetic rats

Shui Xiaoping1, 2, 3, Li Chunying4, Li Mingjuan1, Li Shunchang3, Sun Junzhi3, Su Quansheng3   

  1. 1Sichaun College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Mianyang Osteological Hospital, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; 3School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; 4Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-11-22 Accepted:2021-12-31 Online:2023-01-18 Published:2022-06-20
  • Contact: Shui Xiaoping, Sichaun College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Mianyang Osteological Hospital, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; 3School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Shui Xiaoping, MD, Associate professor, Sichaun College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; Mianyang Osteological Hospital, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    2018 Scientific Research Project of Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 18ZRYB03 (to SXP); Mianyang Higher Education “Three-Three Project” for Municipal Characteristic Major - Rehabilitation Technology Major Construction, No. 202055 (to SXP)

摘要:

文题释义:
核转录因子E2相关因子2抗氧化应激信号通路:该信号通路是调节机体内源性抗氧化应激的主要通路之一,在氧化应激状态下,活性氧使核转录因子E2相关因子2活化并进入细胞核与抗氧化反应元件结合,进一步上调下游抗氧化酶基因表达,与热休克蛋白70共同发挥抗氧化应激作用,提高机体消除活性氧的能力。
脑源性神经营养因子:是最主要的脑神经营养因子,它具有促进受损神经修复及神经元增殖、分化及突触形成等作用。脑源性神经营养因子及其中介作用是运动促进受损神经修复、改善脑功能的重要途径。

背景:糖尿病将导致大脑海马损伤并诱发认知功能障碍,其中氧化应激和神经营养因子表达减少是糖尿病致海马损伤的主要机制。长期规律运动对糖尿病海马损伤有积极干预作用,但相关机制仍需进一步研究。
目的:观察有氧和抗阻运动对2型糖尿病大鼠海马抗氧化应激指标热休克蛋白70、核转录因子E2相关因子2、血红素氧合酶1以及脑源性神经营养因子表达的影响。
方法:高脂高糖饲料喂养8周后,一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素制备2型糖尿病模型大鼠;造模结束后,2型糖尿病大鼠随机分为糖尿病安静对照组、糖尿病有氧运动组和糖尿病抗阻运动组(n=7)。对照组大鼠随机分为安静对照组、有氧运动组、抗阻运动组(n=7)。对照组各组继续普通饲料喂养,糖尿病各组继续高脂高糖饲料喂养。各运动组分别进行8周有氧或抗阻运动干预,8周运动干预结束后,检测各组大鼠空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗指数;苏木精-伊红染色观察大脑海马结构变化;检测大鼠脑组织氧化应激指标丙二醛水平和超氧化物歧化酶活性;Western blot检测海马热休克蛋白70、核转录因子E2相关因子2、血红素氧合酶1和脑源性神经营养因子蛋白的表达水平。
结果与结论:①8周运动干预结束后,与安静对照组比较,糖尿病各组大鼠空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗指数显著升高(P < 0.01);大鼠海马表现出锥体细胞层数减少、细胞空化、细胞坏死和核仁消失等病理改变;与糖尿病安静组比较,2个糖尿病运动干预组空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗指数均显著下降(P < 0.01,P < 0.05),大鼠海马细胞空化、坏死和核仁消失等病变程度减轻;②与安静对照组比较,糖尿病各组大鼠大脑中丙二醛水平明显升高(P < 0.01),糖尿病安静组超氧化物歧化酶活性明显降低(P < 0.01);与糖尿病安静组比较,2个糖尿病运动干预组丙二醛水平明显降低(P < 0.01),超氧化物歧化酶活性明显升高(P < 0.05);③与安静对照组比较,糖尿病各组海马中热休克蛋白70、核转录因子E2相关因子2、血红素氧合酶1和脑源性神经营养因子蛋白表达均显著降低(P < 0.01);与糖尿病安静组比较,2个糖尿病运动干预组大鼠海马热休克蛋白70、核转录因子E2相关因子2和脑源性神经营养因子蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P < 0.05),糖尿病有氧运动组血红素氧合酶1蛋白表达水平显著升高(P < 0.05);④提示有氧运动和抗阻运动均能提高糖尿病大鼠海马中热休克蛋白70、核转录因子E2相关因子2和脑源性神经营养因子蛋白的表达水平,进而降低海马氧化应激并促进海马神经细胞修复,减轻2型糖尿病导致的大鼠海马神经损伤。
缩略语:核转录因子E2相关因子2:nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2;血红素氧合酶1:heme oxygenase-1,HO-1;脑源性神经营养因子:brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9106-0919 (税晓平)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动, 糖尿病, 海马, 氧化应激, 脑源性神经营养因子, 大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus will cause damage to the hippocampus and induce cognitive dysfunction. Oxidative stress and reduced neurotrophic factor expression are the main mechanism of diabetes-induced hippocampal damage. Long-term regular exercise is a positive intervention for diabetes-induced hippocampal damage; however, the related mechanism still needs further research.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on the expression of heat shock protein 70, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus of type 2 diabetic rats.
METHODS: The rats that had been fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks were given a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to prepare a model of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetic rats were randomly divided into diabetic control group, diabetic aerobic exercise group and diabetic resistance exercise group, with seven rats in each group. Another control rats were randomly divided into quiet control group, aerobic exercise group, and resistance exercise group, with seven rats in each group. The control rats continued to be fed with ordinary feed, while the diabetic rats continued to be fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet. The aerobic and resistance exercise lasted for 8 weeks in each exercise group. After 8-week exercises, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance index were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the changes of hippocampal structure. The level of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase in brain were measured. The expression of heat shock protein 70, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus were detected by western blot assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 8 weeks of exercise, compared with the quiet control group, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance index of all diabetic rats were significantly increased (P < 0.01). The hippocampus of all diabetic rats showed pathological changes such as decreased number of vertebral cell layers, cell cavitation, cell necrosis, and disappearance of nucleoli. Compared with the diabetic control group, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance index were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and the pathological changes of the hippocampus, such as cell cavitation, cell necrosis, and disappearance of nucleoli, were alleviated in the two diabetic exercise groups. Compared with the quiet control group, the malondialdehyde level was significantly increased in all diabetic rats (P < 0.01) and the superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased in the quiet diabetic group (P < 0.01). Compared with the diabetic control group, the malondialdehyde level was significantly decreased and the superoxide dismutase activity was significantly increased in the two diabetic exercise groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the quiet control group, the expression levels of heat shock protein 70, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly decreased in all diabetic rats (P < 0.01). Compared with the diabetic control group, the expression levels of heat shock protein 70, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly increased in the two diabetic exercise groups (P < 0.05), and the expression of heme oxygenase 1 was significantly increased in the diabetic aerobic exercise group (P < 0.05). To conclude, aerobic and resistance exercises can both increase the expression of heat shock protein 70, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor proteins in the hippocampus of diabetic rats, thereby reducing hippocampal oxidative stress and promoting hippocampal nerve repair. 

Key words: exercise, diabetic mellitus, hippocampus, oxidative stress, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, rat

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