[1] JUMPER N, PAUS R, BAYAT A. Functional histopathology of keloid disease.Histol Histopathol. 2015;30(9):1033-1057.
[2] LEE JY, YANG CC, CHAO SC, et al. Histopathological differential diagnosis of keloid and hypertrophic scar. Am J Dermatopathol. 2004;26(5):379-384.
[3] HOU Z, FAN F, LIU P. BTXA regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy of keloid fibroblasts via modulating miR-1587/miR-2392 targeted ZEB2. Biosci Rep. 2019;39(10):BSR20190679
[4] TAN S, KHUMALO N, BAYAT A. Understanding Keloid Pathobiology From a Quasi-Neoplastic Perspective: Less of a Scar and More of a Chronic Inflammatory Disease With Cancer-Like Tendencies. Front Immunol. 2019; 10(1664-3224(Electronic)):1810.
[5] 陈亚红, 武晓莉.瘢痕疙瘩浸润性生长机制的研究进展[J].组织工程与重建外科杂志,2015,11(5):335-338.
[6] LEI R, LI J, LIU F, et al. HIF-1alpha promotes the keloid development through the activation of TGF-beta/Smad and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB pathways.Cell Cycle. 2019;18(23):3239-3250.
[7] MEIJER TW, KAANDERS JH, SPAN PN, et al. Targeting hypoxia, HIF-1, and tumor glucose metabolism to improve radiotherapy efficacy. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(20):5585-5594.
[8] HAN ZB, REN H, ZHAO H, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha directly enhances the transcriptional activity of stem cell factor (SCF) in response to hypoxia and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Carcinogenesis. 2008;29(10):1853-1861.
[9] CONDE E, ALEGRE L, BLANCO-SÁNCHEZ I, et al. Hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1 alpha) is induced during reperfusion after renal ischemia and is critical for proximal tubule cell survival. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33258.
[10] MANCINI M, GARIBOLDI MB, TAIANA E, et al. Co-targeting the IGF system and HIF-1 inhibits migration and invasion by (triple-negative) breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(12):2865-2873.
[11] LEE JW, BAE SH, JEONG JW, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1)alpha: its protein stability and biological functions. Exp Mol Med. 2004;36(1):1-12.
[12] SEMENZA GL. Defining the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in cancer biology and therapeutics. Oncogene. 2010;29(5):625-634.
[13] ZHANG Q, TANG X, LU QY, et al. Resveratrol inhibits hypoxia-induced accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and VEGF expression in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma and hepatoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005;4(10):1465-1474.
[14] WULANDARI E, JUSMAN SW, MOENADJAT Y, et al. Expressions of Collagen I and III in Hypoxic Keloid Tissue. Kobe J Med Sci. 2016;62(3):E58-69.
[15] REZVANI HR, ALI N, NISSEN LJ, et al. HIF-1α in epidermis: oxygen sensing, cutaneous angiogenesis, cancer, and non-cancer disorders. J Invest Dermatol. 2011;131(9):1793-1805.
[16] SEMENZA GL. HIF-1 and mechanisms of hypoxia sensing. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2001;13(2):167-171.
[17] SINGH S, MANDA SM, SIKDER D, et al. Calcineurin activates cytoglobin transcription in hypoxic myocytes. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(16):10409-10421.
[18] KANG Y, ROH MR, RAJADURAI S, et al. Hypoxia and HIF-1α Regulate Collagen Production in Keloids. J Invest Dermatol. 2020;140(11):2157-2165.
[19] JUSMAN SWA, SARI DH, NINGSIH SS, et al. Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) in Cytoglobin Expression and Fibroblast Proliferation of Keloids. Kobe J Med Sci. 2019;65(1):E10-E18.
[20] ZHANG Z, NIE F, KANG C, et al. Increased periostin expression affects the proliferation, collagen synthesis, migration and invasion of keloid fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. Int J Mol Med. 2014;34(1):253-261.
[21] JACKSON-BOETERS L, WEN W, HAMILTON DW. Periostin localizes to cells in normal skin, but is associated with the extracellular matrix during wound repair. J Cell Commun Signal. 2009;3(2):125-133.
[22] HAMILTON DW. Functional role of periostin in development and wound repair: implications for connective tissue disease. J Cell Commun Signal. 2008;2(1-2):9-17.
[23] ZHOU HM, WANG J, ELLIOTT C, et al. Spatiotemporal expression of periostin during skin development and incisional wound healing: lessons for human fibrotic scar formation. J Cell Commun Signal. 2010;4(2):99-107.
[24] NORRIS RA, DAMON B, MIRONOV V, et al. Periostin regulates collagen fibrillogenesis and the biomechanical properties of connective tissues. J Cell Biochem. 2007;101(3):695-711.
[25] RUAN K, BAO S, OUYANG G. The multifaceted role of periostin in tumorigenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009;66(14):2219-2230.
[26] MASOUD GN, LI W. HIF-1α pathway: role, regulation and intervention for cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2015;5(5):3783-3789.
[27] LIN X, WANG Y, JIANG Y, et al. Sumoylation enhances the activity of the TGF-β/SMAD and HIF-1 signaling pathways in keloids. Life Sci. 2020;255: 117859.
[28] NANGOLE FW, AGAK GW. Keloid pathophysiology: fibroblast or inflammatory disorders?.JPRAS Open. 2019;22(2352-5878 (Print)):44-54.
[29] HERR B, ZHOU J, WERNO C, et al. The supernatant of apoptotic cells causes transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in macrophages via sphingosine-1-phosphate and transforming growth factor-beta. Blood. 2009;114(10):2140-2148.
[30] LEI R, ZHANG S, WANG Y, et al. Metformin Inhibits Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Keloid Fibroblasts via the HIF-1α/PKM2 Signaling Pathway. Int J Med Sci. 2019;16(7):960-966.
[31] SYED F, BAYAT A. Notch signaling pathway in keloid disease: enhanced fibroblast activity in a Jagged-1 peptide-dependent manner in lesional vs. extralesional fibroblasts. Wound Repair Regen. 2012;20(5):688-706.
[32] OMBRATO L, MALANCHI I. The EMT universe: space between cancer cell dissemination and metastasis initiation. Crit Rev Oncog. 2014;19(5):349-361.
[33] SUN S, NING X, ZHANG Y, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha induces Twist expression in tubular epithelial cells subjected to hypoxia, leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Kidney Int. 2009;75(12):1278-1287.
[34] 马晓阳. 低氧/HIF-1α诱导瘢痕疙瘩角化上皮细胞发生EMT及其对侵袭能力影响的相关研究[D].北京:北京协和医学院;中国医学科学院;清华大学医学部;北京协和医学院中国医学科学院,2015.
[35] ZHAO B, GUAN H, LIU JQ, et al. Hypoxia drives the transition of human dermal fibroblasts to a myofibroblast-like phenotype via the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2017;39(1):153-159.
[36] O’CONNELL MP, WEERARATNA AT. Change is in the air: the hypoxic induction of phenotype switching in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol. 2013;133(10): 2316-2317.
[37] YANG MH, WU KJ. TWIST activation by hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1): implications in metastasis and development. Cell Cycle. 2008;7(14):2090-2096.
[38] LÓPEZ-LÁZARO M. The warburg effect: why and how do cancer cells activate glycolysis in the presence of oxygen?. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2008; 8(3):305-312.
[39] JAIN M, NILSSON R, SHARMA S, et al. Metabolite profiling identifies a key role for glycine in rapid cancer cell proliferation. Science. 2012;336(6084): 1040-1044.
[40] XIE H, HANAI J, REN JG, et al. Targeting lactate dehydrogenase--a inhibits tumorigenesis and tumor progression in mouse models of lung cancer and impacts tumor-initiating cells. Cell Metab. 2014;19(5):795-809.
[41] SCHULZE A, HARRIS AL. How cancer metabolism is tuned for proliferation and vulnerable to disruption. Nature. 2012;491(7424):364-373.
[42] PORPORATO PE, PAYEN VL, PÉREZ-ESCUREDO J, et al. A mitochondrial switch promotes tumor metastasis. Cell Rep. 2014;8(3):754-766.
[43] VANDER HEIDEN MG, CANTLEY LC, THOMPSON CB. Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science. 2009;324(5930):1029-1033.
[44] SEMENZA GL. Regulation of mammalian O2 homeostasis by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 1999;15:551-578.
[45] MARI W, ALSABRI SG, TABAL N, et al. Novel Insights on Understanding of Keloid Scar: Article Review. J Am Coll Clin Wound Spec. 2016;7(1-3):1-7.
[46] VINCENT AS, PHAN TT, MUKHOPADHYAY A, et al. Human skin keloid fibroblasts display bioenergetics of cancer cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2008; 128(3):702-709.
[47] SEMENZA GL, ROTH PH, FANG HM, et al. Transcriptional regulation of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. J Biol Chem. 1994;269(38):23757-23763.
[48] UEDA K, YASUDA Y, FURUYA E, et al. Inadequate blood supply persists in keloids. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 2004;38(5):267-271.
[49] OKUNO R, ITO Y, EID N, et al. Upregulation of autophagy and glycolysis markers in keloid hypoxic-zone fibroblasts: Morphological characteristics and implications. Histol Histopathol. 2018;33(10):1075-1087.
[50] BIN C, DONGNING Y, ZELIAN Q, et al. Mitochondrial dysfunctions of keloid fibroblasts and it’s effects on cell metabolic functions. Chin J Plast Surg. 2016;32(5):359-364.
[51] DEGENHARDT K, MATHEW R, BEAUDOIN B, et al. Autophagy promotes tumor cell survival and restricts necrosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis.Cancer Cell. 2006;10(1):51-64.
[52] COSIN-ROGER J, SIMMEN S, MELHEM H, et al. Hypoxia ameliorates intestinal inflammation through NLRP3/mTOR downregulation and autophagy activation. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):98.
[53] WIRTH MG, RUSSELL-EGGITT IM, CRAIG JE, et al. Aetiology of congenital and paediatric cataract in an Australian population. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002; 86(7):782-786.
[54] SOLANO RM, CASAREJOS M J, GÓMEZ A, et al.Parkin null cortical neuronal/glial cultures are resistant to amyloid-β1-42 toxicity: a role for autophagy?. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;32(1):57-76.
[55] TAYLOR JM, BRODY KM, LOCKHART PJ. Parkin co-regulated gene is involved in aggresome formation and autophagy in response to proteasomal impairment. Exp Cell Res. 2012;318(16):2059-2070.
[56] 鲍卫汉,王传民,朱洪荫 .瘢痕疙瘩不同部位组织形态研究[J].中华整形烧伤外科杂志,1995,11(5):368-370.
[57] TIMAR-BANU O, BEAUREGARD H, TOUSIGNANT J, et al. Development of noninvasive and quantitative methodologies for the assessment of chronic ulcers and scars in humans. Wound Repair Regen. 2001;9(2):123-132.
[58] LIU Q, WANG X, JIA Y, et al. Increased blood flow in keloids and adjacent skin revealed by laser speckle contrast imaging. Lasers Surg Med. 2016;48(4): 360-364.
[59] WOLFRAM D, TZANKOV A, PÜLZL P, et al. Hypertrophic scars and keloids--a review of their pathophysiology, risk factors, and therapeutic management.Dermatol Surg. 2009;35(2):171-181.
[60] KUROKAWA N, UEDA K, TSUJI M. Study of microvascular structure in keloid and hypertrophic scars: density of microvessels and the efficacy of three-dimensional vascular imaging. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2010;44(6):272-277.
[61] ZHENG J, SONG F, LU SL, et al. Dynamic hypoxia in scar tissue during human hypertrophic scar progression. Dermatol Surg. 2014;40(5):511-518.
[62] NAGY JA, BENJAMIN L, ZENG H, et al. Vascular permeability, vascular hyperpermeability and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis. 2008;11(2):109-119.
[63] DVORAK HF, DETMAR M, CLAFFEY KP, et al. Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor: an important mediator of angiogenesis in malignancy and inflammation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1995;107(1-3): 233-235.
[64] STEINBRECH DS, MEHRARA BJ, CHAU D, et al. Hypoxia upregulates VEGF production in keloid fibroblasts. Ann Plast Surg. 1999;42(5):514-519; discussion 519-520.
[65] NISSEN NN, POLVERINI PJ, KOCH AE, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates angiogenic activity during the proliferative phase of wound healing. Am J Pathol. 1998;152(6):1445-1452.
[66] BROWN L F, YEO K T, BERSE B, et al. Expression of vascular permeability factor (vascular endothelial growth factor) by epidermal keratinocytes during wound healing. J Exp Med. 1992;176(5):1375-1379.
[67] DIPIETRO LA. Angiogenesis and wound repair: when enough is enough.J Leukoc Biol. 2016;100(5):979-984.
[68] 张哲, 康春福, 陈斌, 等.缺氧状态下瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞条件培养基对血管形成能力的影响[J].中华整形外科杂志,2014,30(4):283-288.
[69] 朱君佑, 祁少海.血管生成的调节在瘢痕形成过程中的作用[J].中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版),2019,14(4):303-306.
[70] GIRA AK, BROWN LF, WASHINGTON CV, et al. Keloids demonstrate high-level epidermal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50(6):850-853.
[71] OGAWA R. Keloid and Hypertrophic Scars Are the Result of Chronic Inflammation in the Reticular Dermis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(3):606.
[72] SIMONART T, DRAMAIX M, DE MAERTELAER V. Efficacy of tetracyclines in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a review. Br J Dermatol. 2008;158(2):208-216.
[73] ZHANG Q, OH CK, MESSADI DV, et al. Hypoxia-induced HIF-1 alpha accumulation is augmented in a co-culture of keloid fibroblasts and human mast cells: involvement of ERK1/2 and PI-3K/Akt. Exp Cell Res. 2006;312(2): 145-155.
[74] 叶飞轮.瘢痕疙瘩中HIF-1α的表达及其与血管新生、炎症反应及细胞凋亡的相关性研究[J].海南医学院学报,2017,23(17):2442-2444,2448.
[75] 张明子, 王晨羽, 管恩玲, 等.不同类型瘢痕中HIF-1α的表达及其炎性因子的相关性分析[J].中国美容整形外科杂志,2017,28(6):324-327.
[76] 李丽, 王林.正常皮肤与病理性瘢痕组织中HIF-1α和促炎细胞因子水平比较及两者 相关性研究[J].中国美容医学,2019,28(4):71-73.
[77] FICHTNER-FEIGL S, STROBER W, KAWAKAMI K, et al. IL-13 signaling through the IL-13alpha2 receptor is involved in induction of TGF-beta1 production and fibrosis. Nat Med. 2006;12(1):99-106.
[78] 雷睿. 缺氧诱导因子-1α及其相关信号通路促进瘢痕疙瘩形成的作用机制研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2017.
[79] ARNO A I, GAUGLITZ GG, BARRET JP, et al. Up-to-date approach to manage keloids and hypertrophic scars: a useful guide. Burns. 2014;40(7):1255-1266.
[80] SIOTOS C, UZOSIKE AC, HONG H, et al. Keloid Excision and Adjuvant Treatments: A Network Meta-analysis. Ann Plast Surg. 2019;83(2):154-162.
[81] SHEN J, LIAN X, SUN Y, et al. Hypofractionated electron-beam radiation therapy for keloids: retrospective study of 568 cases with 834 lesions. J Radiat Res. 2015;56(5):811-817.
[82] RAGOOWANSI R, CORNES PG, MOSS AL, et al. Treatment of keloids by surgical excision and immediate postoperative single-fraction radiotherapy.Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;111(6):1853-1859.
[83] MANKOWSKI P, KANEVSKY J, TOMLINSON J, et al. Optimizing Radiotherapy for Keloids: A Meta-Analysis Systematic Review Comparing Recurrence Rates Between Different Radiation Modalities. Ann Plast Surg. 2017;78(4):403-411.
[84] HARRIS AL. Hypoxia--a key regulatory factor in tumour growth.Nature reviews. Cancer. 2002;2(1):38-47.
[85] PRIBLUDA VS, GUBISH ER JR, LAVALLEE TM, et al. 2-Methoxyestradiol: an endogenous antiangiogenic and antiproliferative drug candidate.Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2000;19(1-2):173-179.
[86] MABJEESH NJ, ESCUIN D, LAVALLEE TM, et al. 2ME2 inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis by disrupting microtubules and dysregulating HIF. Cancer Cell. 2003;3(4):363-375.
[87] KUMAR AP, GARCIA GE, SLAGA TJ. 2-methoxyestradiol blocks cell-cycle progression at G(2)/M phase and inhibits growth of human prostate cancer cells. Mol Carcinog. 2001;31(3):111-124.
[88] FOTSIS T, ZHANG Y, PEPPER MS, et al. The endogenous oestrogen metabolite 2-methoxyoestradiol inhibits angiogenesis and suppresses tumour growth.Nature. 1994;368(6468):237-239.
[89] SWEENEY C, LIU G, YIANNOUTSOS C, et al. A phase II multicenter, randomized, double-blind, safety trial assessing the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of oral 2-methoxyestradiol capsules in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11(18):6625-6633.
[90] LONG F, SI L, LONG X, et al. 2ME2 increase radiation-induced apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts by targeting HIF-1α in vitro. Australas J Dermatol. 2016; 57(2):e32-8.
[91] 龙飞. 2-甲氧基雌二醇对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞放疗凋亡及乏氧诱导因子-1表达影响的研究[D]. 北京:北京协和医学院;中国医学科学院;清华大学医学部;北京协和医学院中国医学科学院,2015.
[92] BRAN GM, GOESSLER UR, HORMANN K, et al. Keloids: current concepts of pathogenesis (review). Int J Mol Med. 2009;24(3):283-293.
[93] ESFAHANIAN N, SHAKIBA Y, NIKBIN B, et al. Effect of metformin on the proliferation, migration, and MMP-2 and -9 expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep. 2012;5(4):1068-1074.
[94] KM D, MK NR. The impact of quercetin on wound healing relates to changes in αV and β1 integrin expression.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.). 2017;242(14):1424-1431.
[95] SI LB, ZHANG MZ, HAN Q, et al. Sensitization of keloid fibroblasts by quercetin through the PI3K/Akt pathway is dependent on regulation of HIF-1alpha. Am J Transl Res. 2018;10(12):4223-4234.
[96] UNAHABHOKHA T, SUCONTPHUNT A, NIMMANNIT U, et al. Molecular signalings in keloid disease and current therapeutic approaches from natural based compounds. Pharm Biol. 2015;53(3):457-463.
[97] DEMIRTAŞ A, AZBOY I, BULUT M, et al. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on fracture healing in nicotinized rats. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2014;20(3):161-166.
[98] ZHANG T, GONG W, LI Z, et al. Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen on survival of random pattern skin flap in diabetic rats. Undersea Hyperb Med. 2007; 34(5):335-339.
[99] ZHANG M, LIU S, GUAN E, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can ameliorate the EMT phenomenon in keloid tissue. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(29): e11529.
[100] FIFE CE, HOPF H. Discussion. Hyperbaric oxygen: its mechanisms and efficacy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;127 Suppl 1:142s-143s.
[101] LU Z, MA J, LIU B, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy sensitizes nimustine treatment for glioma in mice. Cancer Med. 2016;5(11):3147-3155.
[102] DONG D, FU Y, CHEN F, et al. Hyperoxia sensitizes hypoxic HeLa cells to ionizing radiation by downregulating HIF‑1α and VEGF expression. Mol Med Rep. 2021;23(1):1.
[103] SONG KX, LIU S, ZHANG MZ, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves the effect of keloid surgery and radiotherapy by reducing the recurrence rate. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2018;19(11):853-862.
[104] 郭大志, 史巍, 张敦晓, 等.术后放疗联合高压氧治疗瘢痕疙瘩的疗效和安全性[J].中华医学美学美容杂志,2019,25(3):234-237.
(责任编辑:WZH,ZN,SX)
|