中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 434-440.doi: 10.12307/2023.027

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

不对称伤口敷料的研究进展与生物应用

周  洁,裴锡波,万乾炳   

  1. 四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,四川省成都市  610000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-03 接受日期:2022-01-19 出版日期:2023-01-28 发布日期:2022-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 万乾炳,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,四川大学华西口腔医院口腔修复科,四川省成都市 610000
  • 作者简介:周洁,女,1998年生,四川省自贡市人,汉族,四川大学华西口腔医学院在读硕士,主要从事纳米纤维材料在组织愈合方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81970984),项目负责人:万乾炳,项目名称:基于骨微环境设计的ZIF-8/SIM组织工程支架对于颌骨缺损的修复作用及其机制研究;国家自然科学基金面上项目(82071164),项目负责人:裴锡波,项目名称:miR-21@ZIF-8复合体协同调控β-catenin促进糖尿病骨病骨缺损修复的作用机制研究

Advances and biological application of asymmetric dressings

Zhou Jie, Pei Xibo, Wan Qianbing   

  1. Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-12-03 Accepted:2022-01-19 Online:2023-01-28 Published:2022-06-01
  • Contact: Wan Qianbing, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Jie, Master candidate, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Project), No. 81970984 (to WQB); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Project), No. 82071164 (to PXB)

摘要:

文题释义:
理想伤口敷料:应能够模拟天然皮肤的结构和功能,促进伤口愈合,提高患者舒适度,便于医护人员操作;具备与皮肤相似的理化性能,能抵抗外来病原菌入侵、具有一定的透气性,既吸收伤口渗出物又维持局部湿润环境,对人体无毒、无致炎致敏作用。
不对称伤口敷料:通常由致密的疏水层和多孔亲水层组成,能够尽可能模仿天然皮肤的表皮和真皮结构,致密疏水层赋予敷料一定的抗细菌侵袭能力,亲水层则起到吸收渗出物、促止血、载药等作用,其特殊的不对称结构还能起到一定的定向导流作用,是一种有较大临床应用前景的新型伤口敷料。

背景:使用伤口敷料对清创后的伤口进行保护已是许多学者的共识,但目前仍缺乏能模拟皮肤结构的理想多功能敷料。不对称伤口敷料能尽可能模拟天然皮肤结构,具有抗感染、促伤口渗出液排出等功能,有较大的潜力成为理想的伤口敷料。
目的:总结不对称敷料的最新研究进展及生物应用。
方法:利用计算机在PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库中进行文献检索,英文检索关键词为“asymmetric dressing,wound asymmetric membrane,wound asymmetric film”,中文检索关键词为“不对称敷料,伤口不对称膜”,根据纳入排除标准对文章进行筛选,最终纳入53篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:不对称敷料除可仿生天然皮肤的不对称结构外,其致密疏水层还能防止外界细菌侵入,控制创面水汽交换,亲水层能负载并释放需要的药物,多孔结构也利于细胞的黏附增殖,进而促进伤口愈合;其不对称特性并不能显著影响敷料的物理性能,但不对称敷料常由多种材料复合而成,所得的敷料性能常优于单一材料。目前的不对称敷料依照结构特点可分为单层改性不对称敷料、双层不对称敷料、梯度不对称敷料3种类型,今后的研究还会赋予不对称敷料更多、更智能的功能,使其作为一种可能的理想伤口敷料进一步发展,解决目前传统敷料在临床运用中所面临的问题。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-4155 (周洁)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 不对称敷料, 新型伤口敷料, 梯度敷料, 抗感染, 载药系统, Janus膜, 伤口愈合, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been a consensus to use wound dressings to protect and promote wound healing after debridement, but now there is no ideal multi-functional dressing that can simulate the skin structure. Asymmetric dressings can mimic the skin structure to the greatest extent, resistant to infection, control the water vapor exchange and promote the efflux of exudate. Therefore, asymmetric dressings have a great potential to become a kind of ideal wound dressings.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the latest research progress and biological application of asymmetric dressings.
METHODS: The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases, and the keywords were “asymmetric dressing, wound asymmetric membrane, wound asymmetric film” in Chinese and English. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 53 articles were included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Asymmetric dressings can simulate the structure of human skin, besides, its density hydrophobic layer can prevent invasion of external bacterium and control the exchange of water vapor. The hydrophilic layer is able to load and release the required drugs. The porous structure is conducive to cell proliferation and adhesion, thus promoting wound healing. The asymmetric characteristics do not significantly affect the physical properties of the asymmetric dressings, but these dressings are usually composed of multiple materials, resulting in better properties than single material. According to their structural characteristics, current asymmetric dressings can be divided into three types: single-layer modified asymmetric dressings, double-layer asymmetric dressings and gradient asymmetric dressings. In the future work, asymmetric dressings will be endowed with more and more intelligent functions and will be further developed as a potential ideal skin substitute, to solve the problems faced by traditional dressings in clinical application.

Key words: asymmetric dressing, new wound dressing, gradient dressing, resistance to infection, drug delivery system, Janus film, wound healing, review

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