中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (19): 2963-2968.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3531

• 骨髓干细胞 bone marrow stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

辛伐他汀可刺激骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化

郭志斌1,吴春芳1,刘子洪2,张钰英3,迟博婧3,王  宝1,马  超2,张国彬3,田发明3   

  1. 1开滦总医院林西医院骨外科,河北省唐山市  063000;2开滦总医院骨外科,河北省唐山市  063000;3华北理工大学医学实验研究中心,河北省唐山市  063000
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-11 修回日期:2020-05-16 接受日期:2020-09-10 出版日期:2021-07-09 发布日期:2021-01-13
  • 通讯作者: 田发明,教授,博士生导师,华北理工大学医学实验研究中心,河北省唐山市 063000
  • 作者简介:郭志斌,男,1980年生,汉族,主治医师,主要从事老年骨代谢疾病的发病机制与诊治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81874029),项目负责人:田发明;河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20190152),项目负责人:郭志斌;河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20160722),项目负责人:张国彬;河北省自然科学基金(H2013209255),项目负责人:田发明

Simvastatin stimulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Guo Zhibin1, Wu Chunfang1, Liu Zihong2, Zhang Yuying3, Chi Bojing3, Wang Bao1, Ma Chao2, Zhang Guobin3, Tian Faming3   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kailuan Linxi Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kailuan Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; 3Medical Research Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2020-05-11 Revised:2020-05-16 Accepted:2020-09-10 Online:2021-07-09 Published:2021-01-13
  • Contact: Tian Faming, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Medical Research Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Guo Zhibin, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kailuan Linxi Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81874029 (to TFM); the Key Topics of Medical Science Research in Hebei Province, No. 20190152 (to GZB); the Key Topics of Medical Science Research in Hebei Province, No. 20160722 (to ZGB); the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, No. H2013209255 (to TFM)

摘要:

文题释义:
p38 MAPK 信号传导通路:丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPKs)是真核生物细胞内广泛存在的一类介导细胞反应的重要信号传导系统,信号通路包含ERK、p38、JNK 3种分型,与多种细胞的增殖、分化和迁移相关。p38 MAPK可由一些生长因子或细胞因子激活,并参与包括骨骼生长与重建的生理和病理进程。p38 MAPK可以通过调控C/EBPα、RUNX2和SOX9转录因子活性及下游目标基因的表达,从而影响包括成骨细胞在内的多种细胞增殖、分化和凋亡。
骨钙素:是一种由49个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,属于非胶原酸性糖蛋白,是第一个从酸性物质中提取出来的完整骨基质蛋白,有极高的特异性。骨钙素存在于富含骨基质蛋白的高度矿化组织中,主要由成骨细胞、成牙釉质细胞及一些增生的软骨细胞合成。骨钙素参与钙代谢的调节,在骨组织发育中发挥钙化作用,促进骨基质成熟。在临床上,骨钙素对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨形成治疗的疗效评价等方面有一定的价值。

背景:辛伐他汀可显著刺激骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,但机制不明。近年研究证实p38 MAPK信号通路参与调控骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的过程。
目的:观察p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路在辛伐他汀体外干预刺激骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化中的作用。
方法:分离培养SD大鼠股骨和胫骨骨髓间充质干细胞,第2代骨髓间充质干细胞分为3组:对照组、辛伐他汀组(加入10-7 mol/L辛伐他汀)、阻断剂组(加入辛伐他汀30 min前给予10 µmol/L p38MAPK信号通路特异性阻断剂SB203580),均使用含有10 mmol/L β-甘油酸磷酸钠、50 mg/L抗坏血酸的DMEM完全培养基进行成骨诱导分化。各组干预第6天进行碱性磷酸酶染色;第6天和第12天采用Western blot法检测p38 MAPK和磷酸化p38 MAPK的表达;第12天采用免疫荧光染色和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原的表达;第21天茜素红染色观察钙结节形成情况。
结果与结论:①辛伐他汀组碱性磷酸酶表达和基质矿化能力显著高于对照组,阻断剂组显著低于辛伐他汀组(P < 0.05);②辛伐他汀组磷酸化p38 MAPK与p38 MAPK比值高于对照组(P < 0.05),阻断剂组低于辛伐他汀组(P < 0.05);③辛伐他汀可以促进骨钙素 和Ⅰ型胶原的表达,而阻断剂组显著低于辛伐他汀组(P < 0.05);④结果表明,辛伐他汀可以促进骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化,这一作用可能与促进p38 MAPK磷酸化进而提高该通路活性有关。

关键词: 干细胞, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 辛伐他汀, p38, MAPK, 信号通路, 成骨分化, 成骨细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Simvastatin can remarkably stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but the mechanism is unknown. Recent studies have confirmed that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is involved in regulating the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. 
OBJECTIVE: To observe the role of p38 MAPK signaling pathway in simvastatin stimulated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. 
METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from the femur and tibia of Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured in vitro, and the second generation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was divided into three groups: control group, simvastatin group (10-7 mol/L simvastatin), and blocking agent group (10 µmol/L p38MAPK signaling pathway specific blocker SB203580 30 minutes before adding simvastatin). Osteogenic differentiation was induced in DMEM complete medium containing 10 mmol/L β-glycerophosphate and 50 mg/L ascorbic acid. Alkaline phosphatase staining was performed at 6 days after intervention in each group. The expressions of p38 MAPK and phosphorylated p38 MAPK were detected by western blot assay at 6 and 12 days. The expression of osteocalcin and collagen type I was detected by immunofluorescence and real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction at 12 days. The formation of calcium nodules was observed by alizarin red staining at 21 days. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Alkaline phosphatase expression and matrix mineralization ability were significantly higher in the simvastatin group than those of control group, and significantly lower in the blocker group than those in the simvastatin group (P < 0.05). (2) The ratio of p38 MAPK in simvastatin group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05), and that in blocker group was significantly lower than that in simvastatin group (P < 0.05). (3) Simvastatin could promote the expression levels of osteocalcin and collagen type I, while above expression levels in the blocker group were significantly lower than those in the simvastatin group (P < 0.05). (4) It is concluded that simvastatin could promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, which may be related to stimulate the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, thereby enhancing the activity of this pathway. 

Key words: stem cell, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, simvastatin, P38, MAPK, signaling pathway, osteogenic differentiation, osteoblasts

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