中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 101-107.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2150

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

两种干细胞经鼻移植治疗大鼠早产儿脑白质损伤

臧  静1,栾  佐2,王  倩2,杨印祥2,汪兆艳2,吴尤佳3,郭爱松4   

  1. 1南通大学医学院,江苏省南通市   226001;2中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心儿科,北京市   100048;南通大学附属医院,3儿科,4中医科,江苏省南通市   226001
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-02-19 接受日期:2020-03-30 出版日期:2021-01-08 发布日期:2020-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 郭爱松,博士,主任医师,南通大学附属医院中医科,江苏省南通市 226001
  • 作者简介:臧静,女,1995年生,江苏省淮安市人,汉族,2020年南通大学医学院毕业,硕士,主要从事干细胞再生相关课题研究。 栾佐,男,1958年生,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市人,汉族,1990年第二军医大学毕业,研究生,主任医师,主要从事儿科学与再生医学、难治性疾病与罕见病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0104200)

Two kinds of stem cell nasal transplantation for treating white matter injury in premature rat infants

Zang Jing1, Luan Zuo2, Wang Qian2, Yang Yinxiang2, Wang Zhaoyan2, Wu Youjia3, Guo Aisong4   

  1. Hospital, Beijing 100048, China; 3Department of Pediatrics, 4Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-02-19 Accepted:2020-03-30 Online:2021-01-08 Published:2020-11-19
  • Contact: Guo Aisong, MD, Chief physician, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zang Jing, Master, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China Luan Zuo, Postgraduate, Chief physician, Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
  • Supported by:
     the National Key Research & Development Plan, No. 2017YFA0104200

摘要:

文题释义:
干细胞经鼻移植:动静脉移植、脑立体定位移植、腰椎穿刺以及侧脑室移植创伤大、操作难度大,无法应用于临床。经鼻给细胞的优势在于易于操作、无侵略性,鼻黏膜面积大且黏膜下血管非常丰富,细胞可穿过血脑屏障经嗅神经、三叉神经和脑脊液通路到达脑内。
干细胞移植治疗早产儿脑白质损伤:早产儿髓鞘损伤后很难再生,但细胞移植尤其是间充质干细胞和神经干细胞,对于治疗脑白质损伤具有一定的临床效果。人脐带间充质干细胞来源丰富、采集方便、无伦理争议、不易突变、致癌潜能低;人神经干细胞具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能,免疫原性低,移植后很少会引起排斥反应,细胞成活率高,具有广泛的应用前景。

背景:干细胞移植对神经系统疾病具有显著的神经保护作用,目前的移植方式如动静脉移植、脑立体定位移植等均不适用于早产儿临床应用。
目的:探讨人脐带间充质干细胞和人神经干细胞经鼻移植治疗大鼠早产儿脑白质损伤的可行性。
方法:采用人脐带组织制备人脐带间充质干细胞,人胚胎脑组织制备人神经干细胞,通过Transwell法测定两种细胞体外迁移情况;将40只3 d龄SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型对照组、人脐带间充质干细胞移植组和人神经干细胞移植组,每组10只;除假手术组,其余各组行右颈总动脉离断并缺氧90 min制备大鼠早产儿脑白质损伤模型。移植组于造模后3 d经鼻滴注总量为1×106细胞,每侧鼻孔滴注5×105,双侧鼻孔分别滴注1次。造模后第7天采用免疫荧光染色检测脑白质MBP表达来鉴定脑白质损伤情况;移植后24 h抗HuNu免疫组化方法检测人脐带间充质干细胞迁移情况,CM-Dil荧光标记法检测人神经干细胞迁移情况。
结果与结论:①造模后第7天早产儿脑白质损伤模型鼠患侧扣带、胼胝体和外囊与正常侧对比,MBP阳性面积减少(P < 0.05),表明造模成功;②体外实验发现人神经干细胞和人脐带间充质干细胞迁移率一样;③经鼻移植细胞后24 h,人脐带间充质干细胞迁移至正常侧和损伤侧皮质、胼胝体和海马区域,人神经干细胞迁移至损伤侧皮质、胼胝体和海马区域,且人脐带间充质干细胞迁移量相对人神经干细胞较多;④结果表明,经鼻移植24 h后,人脐带间充质干细胞能够存活并向正常侧和损伤侧迁移,人神经干细胞能够存活并向损伤侧迁移,且人脐带间充质干细胞迁移较人神经干细胞体内迁移更广泛。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3897-0291(臧静)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 移植, 人脐带间充质干细胞, 人神经干细胞, 鼻, 早产儿, 脑白质损伤, 大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stem cell transplantation has a significant neuroprotective effect on neurological diseases. Current transplantation methods such as arteriovenous transplantation and brain stereotactic transplantation are not suitable for clinical application in preterm infants.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of nasal transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and human neural stem cells for the treatment of white matter injury in premature rat infants.
METHODS: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were prepared from human umbilical cord tissue, and human neural stem cells were prepared from human embryonic brain tissue. In vitro migration of two kinds of cells was assessed by Transwell method. Forty 3-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model control group, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group and human neural stem cell transplantation group, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in all groups except the sham operation group were treated with right common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia for 90 minutes to establish a rat model of white matter injury in the preterm infant. Totally 1×106 cells were delivered intranasally in the transplantation group at 3 days after injury. Each nostril was infused with 5×105, and each nostril was infused once. On day 7 after injury, MBP immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of myelin basic protein in the white matter of the brain to identify the damage of the white matter injury model. At 24 hours after transplantation, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell migration was detected by anti-HuNu immunohistochemical method and human neural stem cell migration was detected by CM-Dil fluorescent labeling method. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) On day 7 after modeling, compared with the normal side, the positive area of MBP decreased in cingulate band, corpus callosum and external capsule of the affected side in the model of brain white matter injury in preterm infants (P < 0.05), indicating a successful modeling. (2) In vitro experiments showed that the migration rate of human neural stem cells was the same as that of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. (3) At 24 hours after the nasal transplantation, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells migrated to the cortex, corpus callosum and hippocampus on the normal side and the damaged side, and human neural stem cells migrated to the damaged cortex, corpus callosum and hippocampus, and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells migrated more than human neural stem cells. (4) Overall, these findings indicate that 24 hours after the nasal transplantation, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells could survive and migrate to the normal side and the injury side, and human neural stem cells could survive and migrate to the injury side; and the migration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was more extensive than that of human neural stem cells.

Key words: stem cells, transplantation, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, human neural stem cells, intranasal, premature infants, white matter injury, rats

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