硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石：溶解度、抗折和抗压强度解析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.03.024

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (3): 435-440.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.03.024

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇下一篇

硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石：溶解度、抗折和抗压强度解析

程瑶，王星星，汪大林

解放军第二军医大学第一附属医院长海医院，上海市 200433

收稿日期:2015-11-18 出版日期:2016-01-15 发布日期:2016-01-15
通讯作者: 汪大林，博士，主任医师，解放军第二军医大学第一附属医院长海医院，上海市 200433
作者简介:程瑶，女，1987年生，吉林省吉林市人，汉族，解放军第二军医大学在读硕士，主要从事修复与种植研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51232007)

Silicon-doped nano-hydroxyapatite: solubility, anti-fracture and compressive strengths

Cheng Yao, Wang Xing-xing, Wang Da-lin

Changhai Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200433, China

Received:2015-11-18 Online:2016-01-15 Published:2016-01-15
Contact: Wang Da-lin, M.D., Chief physician, Changhai Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200433, China
About author:Cheng Yao, Studying for master’s degree, Changhai Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200433, China
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 51232007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文章快速阅读：

文题释义：

硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石：其原理是采用不同方法将硅离子引入羟基磷灰石，用SiO₄⁴^-取代羟基磷灰石晶体内部的PO₄³^-或OH^-，使硅离子并入羟基磷灰石晶格内部，从而引起羟基磷灰石表面形貌、颗粒大小、溶解度及生物活性的变化。

硅掺杂对羟基磷灰石机械强度的影响：纯羟基磷灰石材料抗折强度和抗压强度均较差。研究发现硅元素的掺杂，可以提高羟基磷灰石材料的抗折强度和抗压强度，为人工合成骨替代材料的研究带来了新契机。

背景：硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性和生物学活性，作为一种新兴生物学材料具有广泛应用前景。

目的：概述硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石的制备过程、原理、方法，以及不同掺杂方法对羟基磷灰石溶解度、表面形态及体内体外生物学效应的影响。

方法：由第一作者用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(1990至2015年)、Medline(1990至2015年)数据库，检索词分别为“硅、纳米羟基磷灰石、生物材料、生物学、组织工程、骨修复；silicon，nano-hydroxyapatite，biological material，tissue engineering，bone repair”。

结果与结论：硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石的制备方法可以分为液相法和固相法两大类。硅掺杂可增加纳米羟基磷灰石的溶解度、抗折和抗压强度，促进纳米羟基磷灰石的成骨作用，但不同掺杂方法和掺杂比重对羟基磷灰石的影响不同，还需要进一步的研究筛选与优化。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

ORCID: 0000-0002-7259-136X(程瑶)

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 硅元素, 羟基磷灰石, 生物学效应, 综述, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Silicon-doped nano-hydroxyapatite has good biocompatibility and bioactivity, and has broad application prospect as a new biological material.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the preparation process, principle, method of silicon-doped nano-hydroxyapatite and the effect of different doping methods on the solubility, surface morphology and the in vitro and in vivo biological effects of hydroxyapatite.
METHODS: The first author searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1990-2015), and Medline database (1990-2015) for related articles using the key words of “silicon, nano-hydroxyapatite, biological material,
biology, tissue engineering, bone repair” in Chinese and English, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The preparation methods of silicon-doped nano-hydroxyapatite can be divided into two kinds: liquid phase method and solid phase method. Silicon doping can increase the solubility, anti-fracture and compressive strengths of nano-hydroxyapatite, and promote the osteogenesis of nano-hydroxyapatite, but the effects of different doping methods and specific gravity on the hydroxyapatite are different. Further research screening and optimization are still needed.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

程瑶，王星星，汪大林. 硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石：溶解度、抗折和抗压强度解析[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2016, 20(3): 435-440.

Cheng Yao, Wang Xing-xing, Wang Da-lin. Silicon-doped nano-hydroxyapatite: solubility, anti-fracture and compressive strengths[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2016, 20(3): 435-440.

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引言

骨缺损是极大地影响美观和患者身心健康，如非特殊情况需要外科治疗^[1]。目前临床对骨缺损的治疗主要采用骨替代物植入的方法^[2]，即在屏障膜下方植入自体骨、异体骨、异种骨修复骨缺损^[3]。但由于这些方法均存在一定的不足，如:自体骨移植存在来源有限，术中失血，术后疼痛等问题；异体骨、异种骨移植存在传播疾病的风险和免疫排斥反应的可能^[4]。随着临床对骨替代材料要求的不断提高，研制具有良好生物相容性、生物降解性、骨传导性的人工合成骨修复材料成为研究热点。羟基磷灰石与天然骨组织的无机成分相同，具有优良的生物相容性、骨引导性，成为临床工作中应用最为广泛的人工合成骨缺损修复材料之一^[5]。然而羟基磷灰石材料具有难降解、骨整合速率低、力学强度差等缺点，在一定范围内制约了其临床应用^[6]。研究发现天然骨组织的无机成分羟基磷灰石，并非完全按照标准的化学计量学以Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂的形式存在，而是可被不同的阴离子和阳离子取代并入晶格，从而含有镁、钠、钾、锶、硅、铜等多种不同的微量元素，研究发现缺乏这些微量元素可增加骨折的风险^[7]。近年来科研工作者开始尝试在纳米羟基磷灰石基础上添加一种或几种离子成分，对羟基磷灰石进行改性，其中硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石可改善羟基磷灰石难降解、力学性能差等缺点，具有良好的骨诱导再生能力及生物学活性，因此硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石是目前研究较为广泛的一种新型生物材料，文章就硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石的制备及生物学性能进行综述。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

硅掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石：溶解度、抗折和抗压强度解析

Silicon-doped nano-hydroxyapatite: solubility, anti-fracture and compressive strengths

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