中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (32): 5230-5236.

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞辅助肝脏移植的应用方向及前景

向俊西1,2,郑幸龙1,2,董鼎辉1,2,康骁弘1,2,李建辉2,3,吕  毅1,2,4   

  1. 1西安交通大学第一附属医院肝胆外科,陕西省西安市  710061;2西安交通大学先进外科技术与工程研究所,陕西省西安市  710061;3陕西省人民医院肿瘤外科,陕西省西安市  710061;4陕西省再生医学与外科工程研究中心,陕西省西安市  710061
  • 出版日期:2014-08-06 发布日期:2014-09-18
  • 基金资助:

    教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20110201130009);陕西省科学技术研究发展计划国际合作项目(2012KW-39-01)

Mesenchymal stem cells therapy assists liver transplantation: aspects and prospects

Xiang Jun-xi1, 2, Zheng Xing-long1, 2, Dong Ding-hui1, 2, Kang Xiao-hong1, 2, Li Jian-hui2, 3, Lv Yi1, 2, 4   

  1. 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Research Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China; 3Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China; 4Research Center of Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Online:2014-08-06 Published:2014-09-18
  • Supported by:

    Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, Ministry of Education of China, No. 20110201130009; the International Cooperation Project for Science and Technology Research and Development of Shaanxi Province, No. 2012KW-39-01

摘要:

背景:因严峻的肝脏供体短缺形势而产生的边缘供肝移植、辅助性肝移植、部分肝移植等技术,仍无法克服术后移植物无功能及受者死亡率高等困难,移植后免疫相关并发症等也已成为制约肝脏移植进一步发展的瓶颈问题。间充质干细胞因其强大的再生能力及多向分化潜能、免疫调节作用,有望成为解决肝脏移植领域重大临床问题的创新疗法。
目的:总结并讨论间充质干细胞辅助肝脏移植的应用方向及前景。
方法:检索PubMed、ScienceDirect、OvidSP、CNKI数据库相关文章,检索时间为2000至2014年,英文检索词为“mesenchymal stem cells,mesenchymal stromal cells,liver transplantation, immunosuppression, liver regeneration”,中文检索词为“骨髓间充质干细胞、骨髓基质细胞、肝移植、免疫抑制、肝再生”,从中筛选出与主题相关且论据可靠的部分文献,最终纳入74篇文章进行归纳综述。
结果与结论:间充质干细胞因具有广泛的来源、强大的再生及分化潜能、免疫调节作用,已成为细胞治疗研究的热点,有望解决器官移植领域一些尚未攻克的难题,为延长移植器官寿命、减少免疫抑制剂使用、改善移植受者预后提供了新的治疗手段。已有大量关于间充质干细胞应用于器官移植的实验研究、临床前研究、临床研究发表,证实了这一可能性。但在其广泛应用于临床之前,仍有许多问题有待进一步研究明确,以确保其安全性和有效性。

关键词: 干细胞, 移植, 肝脏移植, 间充质干细胞, 免疫抑制, 肝脏再生, 辅助肝移植, 临床试验

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Marginal donor liver transplantation, auxiliary liver transplantation and partial liver transplantation that are developed due to the shortage of liver donors are still associated with an elevated risk of postoperative liver failure and increased mortality. In addition, postoperative immune related complications have become the bottleneck of restricting the development of liver transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells based therapy is a potential innovation to solve these problems for its strong ability of regeneration, multi-lineage differentiation and immune regulation.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the aspects and prospects of mesenchymal stem cells therapy assisting liver transplantation.
METHODS: Literature search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, OvidSP, CNKI databases for relevant literatures published from 2000 to 2014. The key words are “mesenchymal stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, liver transplantation, immunosuppression, liver regeneration” in Chinese and English. Then, 74 papers were further analyzed and reviewed in line with the theme.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells have become a hotspot in cell therapy research due to their wide range of sources, strong regeneration and differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory effects. Mesenchymal stem cells have been tried to extend the lifespan of transplanted liver, to decrease the immunosuppressor use, and to improve the outcomes of recipients. Abundant experimental studies, preclinical researches and clinical trials have demonstrated the promising application of mesenchymal stem cells in liver transplantation. However, there are still many problems to be further studied in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells before widely used in the patients.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, liver transplantation, immune tolerance, liver regeneration

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