中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 1306-1312.doi: 10.12307/2023.064

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    

中国医用组织库的发展历史、现状及展望

白玉龙1,李忠海2,赵彦涛3,夏岑灿4,石  磊1   

  1. 1苏州微创再生医学科技有限公司,江苏省苏州市  215000;2大连医科大学附属第一医院,辽宁省大连市  116600;3中国人民解放军总医院第四医学中心,北京市  100048;4中国人体健康科技促进会,北京市  100010
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-31 接受日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2022-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 石磊,博士,苏州微创再生医学科技有限公司,江苏省苏州市 215000
  • 作者简介:白玉龙,男,1989年生,甘肃省人,汉族,2012年天津农学院毕业,工程师(生物与医药方向),主要从事组织修复再生材料研究。

History, current situation and prospect of tissue banks in China

Bai Yulong1, Li Zhonghai2, Zhao Yantao3, Xia Cencan4, Shi Lei1   

  1. 1Suzhou Microport Regenerative Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116600, Liaoning Province, China; 3Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China; 4China Association for Promotion of Health Science and Technology, Beijing 100010, China
  • Received:2021-12-31 Accepted:2022-04-18 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2022-07-30
  • Contact: Shi Lei, MD, Suzhou Microport Regenerative Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Bai Yulong, Engineer, Suzhou Microport Regenerative Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
医用组织库:以医学研究、教学和同种异体组织移植等为目的,接收捐献的人类遗体或组织并进行相应的加工处理、储存与运输,以供临床应用的机构;致力于提供安全和高质量的组织修复替代材料,用于患者受损组织的重建。
同种异体组织:同一物种不同个体的组织,如骨组织、肌腱组织、神经组织等。

背景:医用组织库接收捐献的人体组织并进行相应的处理、储存与运输,以供临床各种组织缺损的修复与重建,具有重要的医学和军事意义。
目的:梳理中国医用组织库的发展历史,介绍组织库在中国的发展现状,并对组织库的发展作出展望。
方法:由第一作者在中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed数据库检索截至2021年10月发表的文献,中文检索词为“组织库、组织移植、组织捐献、同种异体组织、同种异体骨、同种异体皮肤、器官捐献、中国红十字会、规范、标准”,英文检索词为“Tissue Bank,Tissue Transplantation,Tissue Donation,Allograft,Bone Allograft,Skin Allograft,Vascular Allograft,Organ Donation,Red Cross Society of China,Regulation,Standard”。辅以国家药品监督管理局官方网站信息查询,以及查阅《同种组织移植和组织库》专业书籍资料,与组织库从业人员交流访谈,实地考察,形成最终文稿。
结果与结论:①中国医用组织库起步于20世纪50年代,期间历经了小规模医院内组织库、民办非营利专业组织库、规模化企业组织库等发展阶段。②到了20世纪90年代,企业性质组织库纷纷成立,同种异体组织修复材料的研发及应用也逐步完善,包括同种异体骨、皮肤、肌腱、神经等多种材料分别获得第三类医疗器械注册证。③进入21世纪后,民办非企业性质组织库兴起,这时中国医用组织库主要有院内组织库、企业组织库和民办非企业性质组织库为主的3大类型组成,并且随着中国器官和组织捐献工作的有效开展,组织材料临床使用量也逐年攀升,同种异体组织修复材料已成为临床上不可或缺的组织修复与重建生物材料。④在2020年,随着《人体器官移植条例(修订草案)(征求意见稿)》向社会征集意见,《中华人民共和国民法典》的颁布实施,组织库的发展迎来了机遇也伴随着挑战,未来相信在科技和人文持续发展下,中国的医用组织库事业将迎来较大的发展。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8774-9027 (白玉龙) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 医用组织库, 组织移植, 组织捐献, 发展史, 骨组织库, 皮库, 历史, 现状, 展望

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue bank receives donated human tissues and organs and performs various corresponding processing, including storage and transportation for the purposes to repair and to reconstruct various clinical tissue defects.
OBJECTIVE: To predict the development of tissue banks in China by sorting out the development history of medical tissue banks and introducing the development status of tissue banks.
METHODS: The first author searched the literature data published up to October 2021 through databases such as CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and PubMed. The search terms were “tissue bank, tissue transplantation, tissue donation, allograft, bone allograft, skin allograft, vascular allograft, organ donation, Red Cross Society of China, regulation, standard” in Chinese and English. The final manuscript was complete based on information inquiry on the official website of the National Medical Drugs Administration of China, as well as access to a professional book, Allogeneic Tissue Transplantation and Tissue Bank, exchange interviews with tissue bank practitioners, and on-the-spot investigations. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Medical tissue banks in China started in the 1950s, and have gone through the development stages of small-scale hospital tissue bank, non-profit tissue bank, and large-scale enterprise tissue bank. In the 1990s, tissue banks with enterprise nature were established in succession, the development and application of allogeneic tissues as materials for tissue repair were gradually improved. Various materials including allogeneic bone, skin, tendon, nerve and other materials have obtained the third-class medical device registration certificate. After entering the 21st century, non-profit tissue banks have emerged. At this time, tissue banks are mainly composed of three types: hospital tissue banks, enterprise nature tissue banks and non-profit tissue banks. With the effective development of the work, the clinical use of tissue materials has also increased yearly, and allogeneic tissue repair materials have become indispensable biomaterials for tissue repair and reconstruction in clinical practice. In 2020, with the “Regulations on Human Organ Transplantation (Draft Amendment)” soliciting opinions from the public and the promulgation and implementation of the “Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China,” the development of tissue banks has ushered in opportunities and challenges. It is believed that under the continuous development of science and technology and humanities, medical tissue banks will have greater development.

Key words: medical tissue bank, tissue transplantation, tissue donation, development history, bone tissue bank, skin bank, history, current situation, prospect

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