中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (19): 3102-3107.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.19.023

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

胸腰椎椎弓根螺钉置入技术的比较分析与展望

刘 政,李宏伟,王 爽   

  1. 解放军第202医院骨科,辽宁省沈阳市 110003
  • 出版日期:2017-07-08 发布日期:2017-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 李宏伟,主任医师,解放军第202医院骨科,辽宁省沈阳市 110003
  • 作者简介:刘政,男,1991年生,河南省信阳市人,汉族,中国医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:

    辽宁省科学技术厅基金(201602746)

Pedicle screw fixation for thoracic and lumbar diseases: a comparative analysis and prospects  

Liu Zheng, Li Hong-wei, Wang Shuang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, No. 202 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110003, Liaoning Province, China
  • Online:2017-07-08 Published:2017-08-10
  • Contact: Li Hong-wei, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, No. 202 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110003, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Liu Zheng, Studying for master’s degree, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, No. 202 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110003, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Liaoning Province, No. 201602746

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
椎弓根置钉:广义的“椎弓根”是指连接椎体侧后方和上关节突之间的骨质。理论上,位于横突与上关节突、外侧椎板之间的位置为进钉点,但由于不同方法所使用的定位参数不同,对进钉点、进钉方向及进钉深度的描述也就不尽相同。
人字嵴法徒手置钉技术:解剖学研究发现在腰椎峡部有一隆起的纵嵴,在上关节突根部的后外侧也有一隆起的纵嵴,两嵴汇合形成了“人”字结构,故称人字嵴,人字嵴结构比较稳定,有报道其出现率为94.5%,其解剖结构变异较少,只有少数人字嵴在干燥标本上较浅和不明显,但在活体中一般较为容易辨认,可作为理想的定位点。
 
摘要
背景:钉棒系统内固定是目前外科治疗胸腰椎疾患的主流术式,椎弓根螺钉的准确置入是此技术的关键,如何提高置钉精确度、减少二次置钉,是目前研究的热点。
目的:比较各种椎弓根螺钉置入方法的优劣势及其临床应用价值。
方法:以“Pedicle screw fixation,free-hand technique,3D-printing technology,computer navigation technology,clinical application prospect”为英文检索词,以“椎弓根螺钉固定术,徒手置钉技术,3D打印技术,计算机导航技术,临床应用展望”为中文检索词,检索至2016年5月为止PubMed数据及CNKI中国期刊全文数据库,纳入内容为椎弓根螺钉置入治疗胸腰椎脊柱疾病的临床研究,排除重复性文献。收集目前临床已经开展且较为前沿的置钉技术,从其可行性、普及性、实用性等方面对各种技术进行系统评价。
结果与结论:①以计算机辅助手术导航系统和3D打印技术为代表的新型方法是目前研究的热点,但仅适用于少数椎弓根先天畸形、解剖变异或病变较为复杂的病例;②徒手置钉技术仍是目前主流,是每一位脊柱外科医生必须掌握的基本技能;③徒手置钉技术仍是目前临床运用最为广泛的方法,应用时应注意完善术前规划、实施个体化置钉。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-0151-4145(刘政)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 椎弓根螺钉固定术, 徒手置钉技术, 3D打印技术, 计算机导航技术, 临床应用展望

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Pedicle screw fixation is mainly used to treat thoracolumbar disorders, and accurate placement is the key to success; thereafter, how to improve the accuracy of placement and reduce the secondary nailing is an issue of concern.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of various pedicle screw placement methods and their application value. 
METHODS: CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved for clinical research concerning the pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar disorders published before May 2016 using the keywords of “pedicle screw fixation, free-hand technique, 3D-printing technology, computer navigation technology, clinical application prospect” in English and Chinese, respectively. The repetitive literatures were excluded, and the advanced pedicle screw technologies were collected and evaluated in views of feasibility, universality and practicability.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Computer-assisted navigation system and three-dimensional printing technology are the focus of research, but only applied in the treatment of pedicle congenital malformations or complicated cases. (2) Free-hand technique is still the most widely used, which is the essential skills that surgeons must master. (3) Traditional technology is still the mainstream in clinic, so improved preoperative planning, and individualized scheme are needed.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Internal Fixators, Bone Nails, Tissue Engineering

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