中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (33): 5315-5320.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2894

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

外架辅助复位锁定钢板内固定与单纯锁定钢板内固定治疗C型桡骨远端骨折的对比

陈孝均1,罗  焘1,欧昌良1,贺智榆1,周  鑫1,唐鑫成1,莫德平2,邹永根1   

  1. 1西南医科大学附属中医医院骨伤科,四川省泸州市  6460002古蔺县人民医院骨科,四川省古蔺县   646500

  • 收稿日期:2020-03-19 修回日期:2020-03-24 接受日期:2020-04-18 出版日期:2020-11-28 发布日期:2020-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 邹永根,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,西南医科大学附属中医医院骨伤科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:陈孝均,男,1981年生,四川省泸州市人,汉族,2017年重庆医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    泸州-医科大科研项目(2019LZXNYDJ37)

Comparison of external fixator-assisted reduction and locking plate internal fixation and simple locking plate internal fixation in the treatment of type C distal radius fractures

Chen Xiaojun1, Luo Tao1, Ou Changliang1, He Zhiyu1, Zhou Xin1, Tang Xincheng1, Mo Deping2, Zou Yonggen1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Gulin County People’s Hospital, Gulin 646500, Sichuan Province, China

  • Received:2020-03-19 Revised:2020-03-24 Accepted:2020-04-18 Online:2020-11-28 Published:2020-09-29
  • Contact: Zou Yonggen, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Xiaojun, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Medical Research Project of Luzhou-Southwest Medical University, No. 2019LZXNYDJ37

摘要:

文题释义:

外架辅助复位利用“韧带牵拉-复位”的原理,使用跨腕关节外固定支架闭合复位并临时固定,恢复桡骨长度、掌倾角和尺偏角。再行掌侧入路锁定钢板内固定时就可以在较小张力条件下对桡骨远端骨折进行解剖复位,操作省时省力。

锁定钢板内固定能最大程度地复位和固定桡骨远端骨折。钉板一体的锁定结构及角稳定性能在骨折愈合过程中提供“内支架”的作用,使骨折块的固定十分稳定,允许腕部早期功能锻炼,避免了外支架针道感染、腕关节僵硬等并发症。

背景:C型桡骨远端骨折常使用单枚掌侧锁定钢板内固定治疗,但仍有部分患者未能达到良好的骨折复位,患肢握力明显减弱。术中如何恢复桡骨长度、维持复位并进行内固定具有挑战性。

目的比较外架辅助复位锁定钢板内固定与单纯锁定钢板内固定治疗C型桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。

方法回顾性分析20173月至20198月行手术治疗的93C型桡骨远端骨折患者资料,其中外架辅助组49例行外架辅助复位锁定钢板内固定,随访时间6-30(14.95±5.64)个月;单纯钢板组44例行单纯锁定钢板内固定,随访时间6-24(15.38±6.27)个月。对比分析两组的术前一般资料、手术相关指标、术后随访的X射线片测量指标及腕关节功能。

结果与结论①外架辅助组的手术时间、切口长度和X射线曝光次数小于单纯钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);②在术后的随访中,外架辅助组桡骨高度恢复程度优于单纯钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);掌倾角及尺偏角的恢复组间比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);③术后第2天,外架辅助组目测类比评分高于单纯钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);④在术后1年随访中,外架辅助组握力恢复程度优于单纯钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,两种方式治疗C型桡骨远端骨折均能有效复位和固定,恢复腕关节功能;外架辅助组相比单纯钢板组具有手术时间短、创伤小和X射线辐射少、握力恢复好等优点。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4904-5483(陈孝均)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 内固定, 骨, 外固定支架, 辅助复位, 锁定钢板, 桡骨远端骨折

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The single volar locking plate internal fixation is often used for type C distal radius fractures. However, some patients still fail to achieve good fracture reduction, and the grip strength of the affected limb is significantly weakened. How to restore the length of the radius and maintain the reduction and internal fixation during the operation is challenging.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of external fixator-assisted reduction and locking plate internal fixation and simple locking plate internal fixation in the treatment of type C distal radius fractures.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 93 patients with type C distal radius fractures who underwent surgical treatment from March 2017 to August 2019. There were 49 cases in the external fixator-assisted group, with an average follow-up period of (14.95±5.64) months (range, 6-30 months); there were 44 cases in the simple plate group, with an average follow-up period of (15.38±6.27) months (range, 6 to 24 months). The preoperative general information, surgical related indicators, postoperative follow-up X-ray measurements and wrist function were compared and analyzed between the two groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time, incision length, and number of X-ray exposures in the external fixator-assisted group were less than those in the simple plate group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) During the postoperative follow-up, the degree of radial height recovery in the external fixator-assisted group was better than that of the simple plate group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the recovery of palm tilt and ulnar deviation between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) On the second day after operation, the visual analogue scale score of the external fixator-assisted group was higher than that of the simple plate group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (4) At 1-year follow-up, the degree of grip strength recovery in the external fixator-assisted group was better than that in the simple plate group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (5) The results show that both methods can effectively reduce and fix type C distal radius fractures, and restore wrist function. The external fixator-assisted group has advantages such as shorter operation time, less trauma, less X-ray radiation, and better grip strength in comparison to the simple plate group. 

Key words: internal fixation, bone, external fixator, assisted reduction, locking plate, distal radius fracture

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