中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 261-266.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.02.019

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

脊索细胞维持椎间盘髓核软骨样细胞增殖与表型的研究进展

杨 哲1，李树文2   

  1. 1内蒙古医科大学，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010059；2内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院微创脊柱外科，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特 010059
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-09 出版日期:2016-01-08 发布日期:2016-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 李树文,副教授，副主任医师，硕士生导师，内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院微创脊柱外科，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特 010059
  • 作者简介:杨哲，男，1990年生，山西省长治市人，汉族，内蒙古医科大学在读硕士，主要从事脊索细胞在椎间盘髓核细胞生物学影响的研究。

Notochordal cells maintain the proliferation and phenotype of chondrocyte-like cells in the disc nucleus pulposus

Yang Zhe1, Li Shu-wen2   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2015-12-09 Online:2016-01-08 Published:2016-01-08
  • Contact: Li Shu-wen, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Yang Zhe, Studying for master’s degree, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

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601

被引次数

1

摘要：

文章快速阅读：

文题释义：

脊索：是身体背部起支持作用的棒状结构，位于消化道背面、背神经管腹面。在发生上来自胚胎的原肠背壁，后与原肠脱离形成。典型的脊索由富含液泡的脊索细胞组成，外面围有脊索细胞分泌形成的结缔组织鞘，即脊索鞘(notochordal sheath)。脊索鞘常包括内、外两层，分别为纤维组织鞘和弹性组织鞘。充满液泡的脊索细胞由于产生膨压，使脊索既具弹性又有硬度。脊索终生存在低等脊索动物中(如文昌鱼)或仅见于幼体时期(如尾索动物)。脊椎动物中的圆口类脊索终身保留，其他类群只在胚胎期出现脊索，后来被脊柱所取代，成体的脊索完全退化或保留残余。
脊索细胞：椎间盘髓核中可以分离出两种细胞：类软骨细胞和脊索细胞。其中脊索细胞可以促进髓核细胞外基质的合成，成人随和组织中脊索细胞的减少和消失可能与椎间盘退变的发生有关。

 

背景：未成熟的椎间盘髓核是由脊索细胞所组成,但在成人的椎间盘中该细胞却消失殆尽，取而代之的是类软骨样髓核细胞。脊索细胞消失的原因对于理解椎间盘退变非常重要，但是目前的研究对其仍知之甚少。
目的：阐述脊索细胞能够维持椎间盘髓核中软骨样细胞的增殖与表型，并诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向类软骨细胞方向分化的可能性。
方法：应用计算机由第一作者在PubMed数据库和万方数据库，以“Notochord cells；Nucleus pulposus cells； Identify”为英文检索词，以“脊索细胞; 髓核细胞; 鉴定”为中文检索词，在1999年1月至2015年8月间共检索到9 896篇相关文献，排除重复研究，共36篇文献符合纳入标准。

结果与结论：目前认为脊索细胞功能主要有，促进髓核组织细胞外基质的合成代谢、诱导间充质细胞向类髓核细胞定向分化或自身作为“种子细胞”形成髓核细胞。脊索细胞的存在与消失与椎间盘的退变有关，细胞凋亡通过死亡受体诱导信号参与静态压缩，继而诱导了椎间盘退变。fas配体介导脊索细胞减少，低氧诱导因子致脊索细胞损伤引发细胞死亡和髓核完全消失。通过对脊索细胞的免疫标志物CK-8，CK-18，半乳凝素-3等测定可用于脊索细胞的鉴定与分离，进而研究该细胞的发育分化、功能以及凋亡机制。 

关键词: 组织构建, 软骨细胞, 脊索细胞, 髓核细胞, 鉴定, 凋亡, 免疫组织化学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The immature disc nucleus pulposus is composed of notochordal cells, but there is no notochordal cell in the mature human intervertebral disc, in which the notochordal cells are replaced by chondrocyte-like cells. It is very important to comprehend the disappearance of the notochordal cells; however, it is still unknown at present.
OBJECTIVE: To elaborate the feasibility of notochordal cells to maintain the proliferation and phenotype of chondrocyte-like cells and to induce the cartilage-like differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS: The first author used the computer to retrieve PubMed and Wanfang databases using the key words of “notochord cells; nucleus pulposus cells; identify” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totally 9 896 relevant articles published from January 1999 to August 2015 were retrieved. Repetitive studies were excluded, and finally 36 articles were in accordance with the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Now, the main functions of notochordal cells are to promote synthesis of extracellular matrix in the nucleus pulposus, induce directional differentiation of mesenchymal cells into nucleus pulposus cells or act as “seed cells” to form the nucleus pulposus cells. The presence and disappearance of notochordal cells is related to intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell apoptosis is involved in static compression via death receptor signals, and then leads to intervertebral disc degeneration. fas ligand can mediate the reduction of notochordal cells, and hypoxia-inducible factor can induce spinal cord injury thereby triggering cell death and complete disappearance of nucleus pulposus. The measurement and verification of immune makers of notochordal cells, CK-8, CK-18 and galectin-3, can benefit to the identification and isolation of notochordal cells, and thereby help the studies on cell growth and differentiation, function and its mechanism of apoptosis.