中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (19): 3096-3101.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.19.024

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞治疗1型糖尿病:问题与前景

白  宇   

  1. First Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
  • 出版日期:2015-05-06 发布日期:2015-05-06
  • 作者简介:白宇,女,1986年生,辽宁省凌源市人,蒙古族,2012年中国医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事糖尿病及甲状腺疾病相关研究。

Stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus 

Bai Yu   

  1. First Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
  • Online:2015-05-06 Published:2015-05-06
  • About author:Bai Yu, Master, Physician, First Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:

背景:1型糖尿病是以胰岛β细胞被破坏为特点的自身免疫性疾病,患者需要依靠外源性胰岛素才能生存,目前仍缺乏特效的治疗方式。
目的:综述各类干细胞的来源、分化能力、自身排斥以及存在的问题,从而为1型糖尿病的再生治疗提供依据。
方法:以“type 1 diabetes mellitus,stem cell,stem cell therapy,regeneration treatment,stem-cell differentiation,stem-cell transplantation, immune suppression,insulin secreting cells,islet β-cells,therapeutic effect”为英文检索词,由第一作者检索2003至2015年PubMed数据库,查阅干细胞治疗1型糖尿病的相关文献,最终保留了42篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:干细胞治疗1型糖尿病引起了相当多的关注,目前理想的治疗方式就是通过外源性干细胞移植使β细胞再生,即通过干细胞在体外适当的培养条件下诱导分化为具有内分泌功能的胰岛β细胞。通过各类研究,既阐述了干细胞的来源、定向分化、纯化、免疫抑制等特点以及存在的问题,还针对1型糖尿病的发生发展进行讨论,以选出最佳的干细胞来源,从而有助于治疗该疾病。

关键词: 干细胞, 移植, 干细胞移植, 1型糖尿病, 干细胞分化, 免疫抑制, 胰岛β细胞, 胰岛素分泌细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune attack characterized by the selective destruction of pancreatic cells. Patients need to rely on external insulin to survive, and there is a lack of specific treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To review the source of all kinds of stem cells, differentiation capacity, self-exclusion and existing problems, and to provide the basis for regeneration treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
METHODS: In order to search relevant article about stem cell therapies for type 1 diabetes mellitus from PubMed database (from 2003 to 2015), a computer-based search was performed using the key words of “type 1 diabetes mellitus, stem cell, stem cell therapy, regeneration treatment, stem-cell differentiation, stem-cell transplantation, immune suppression, insulin secreting cells, islet β-cells, therapeutic effect” in English. Finally, 42 articles were chosen for further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus has attracted quite a lot of attentions. Restoration of damaged β-cells by exogenous stem cell transplantation is the currently ideal therapeutic options, that is, stem cells cultured under suitable conditions can be induced into islet β-cells that have endocrine function. Through all kinds of research, this paper expounds the source of stem cells, directional differentiation, purification, immune suppression characteristics and existing problems, and it also has a discussion for the occurrence and development of type 1 diabetes mellitus so as to select the best scheme of stem cells, which helps to cure the disease.

Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Stem Cell Transplantation

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