中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (19): 3074-3082.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.19.021

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

卵母细胞深低温保存的策略分析 

王沛涛,邵翠华,刘海宁   

  1. 青岛大学附属医院,山东省青岛市  266003
  • 出版日期:2015-05-06 发布日期:2015-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 王沛涛,博士,教授,主任医师,青岛大学附属医院,山东省青岛市 266003
  • 作者简介:王沛涛,男,1965年生,山东省章丘市人,汉族,2005年中国科学技术大学毕业,博士,教授,主任医师,主要从事低温医学、生殖医学研究。
  • 基金资助:

    山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2010OHMO74):“热休克蛋白超表达在小鼠卵母细胞深低温保存中的作用”

Strategic thinking of human oocyte cryopreservation

Wang Pei-tao, Shao Cui-hua, Liu Hai-ning   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2015-05-06 Published:2015-05-06
  • Contact: Wang Pei-tao, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Pei-tao, M.D., Professor, Chief phyhsician, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, No. ZR2010OHMO74

摘要:

背景:卵母细胞具有特殊而复杂的低温生物学性质,致使卵母细胞在深低温保存中易受到多因素的损伤而影响复温后的存活率、受精率和受精后发育潜能。
目的:综述卵母细胞深低温保存技术的研究进展,阐明存在的技术缺陷以及解决问题的思路与研究路线。
方法:以“卵母细胞,深低温保存/慢速冷冻,玻璃化”为中文捡索词,以“oocyte, cryopreservation/slow freezing, vitrification”为英文检索词,在中国知网(CNKI)期刊全文数据库和PubMed数据库检索2004 年1月至2014年10月有关卵母细胞深低温保存文献,排除陈旧性、重复性研究,最终纳入41篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:慢速冷冻、玻璃化方法深低温保存卵母细胞得到较好的临床应用,但复温存活率、受精能力、发育能力损伤等仍困扰医生们。卵母细胞深低温保存技术的进一步完善或突破在于对深低温保存技术环节的细化、卵母细胞低温生物学特性的研究以及相关技术的创新,如深低温保护剂选择、冷冻载体的改进、卵母细胞时相选择、卵母细胞体外成熟技术、卵巢组织保存与移植等。

关键词: 干细胞, 培养, 卵母细胞, 深低温保存, 玻璃化, 生物学特性, 山东省自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Because of the special and complicated biological characteristics of oocytes, the suitable cyropreservation technology for oocytes faces more various challenges. However, the uneven survival rate and fertilization, damages of developmental potential of the thawed oocyte still exist.
OBJECTIVE: To introduce the progress in basic and application researches of oocyte cryopreservation technology, and to illuminate the technical defects and thoughts and possible research points to overcome these problems.
METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed was performed for articles concerning oocyte cryopreservation from January 2004 to October 2014. The search terms were “oocyte, cryopreservation, vitrification” in Chinese and English, respectively. The old and repeated articles were excluded. Finally, 41 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cryopreservation of oocytes by slow freezing and vitrification has been used in clinic. At the same time, the uneven survival and fertilization rate, damaged developmental potential of the thawed oocyte still puzzle the clinicians. The key point to breakthrough or improvement of oocyte cryopreservation technology is the systematization of the protocol for oocylte cryopreservation, for example, the choice of cryoprotective agents, the development of carriers for oocytes, and the determination of oocyte stage. Furthermore, other related technologies should also be considered, including the in vitro mature technology of oocytes, cryopreservation and transplantation of ovary tissues.

Key words: Ovum, Oocytes, Cryopreservation

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