中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (36): 5782-5787.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1947

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

螺钉内固定治疗PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折发生股骨头缺血性坏死的影响因素

陈海宏1,张庆文2,高大伟1,林志炯1,邓  宾1,张会良1
  

  1. 1中山市中医院骨三科,广东省中山市  528400;2广州中医药大学第一附属医院三骨科,广东省广州市  510405
  • 出版日期:2019-12-28 发布日期:2019-12-28
  • 作者简介:陈海宏,男,1975年生,汉族,副主任医师,主要从事关节创伤骨折方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医药常规科研项目立项资助课题(20160057):项目负责人:陈海宏

Influential factors on femoral head avascular necrosis after screw internal fixation for femoral neck fracture of Pauwels type III

Chen Haihong1, Zhang Qingwen2, Gao Dawei1, Lin Zhijiong1, Deng Bin1, Zhang Huiliang1
  

  1. 1Third Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China; 2Third Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2019-12-28 Published:2019-12-28
  • About author:Chen Haihong, Associate chief physician, Third Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project in Guangdong Province, No. 20160057 (to CHH)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
螺钉内固定:借助螺钉上的螺纹与骨质密切咬合,从而固定骨折位置,手术的切口小,骨膜剥离范围少,对骨组织和软组织的损伤小,但是对于骨质疏松导致的骨折端固定不稳,螺钉易于松脱退钉,治疗效果较差,若采用常规螺钉固定,需要避免髋关节负重至骨折愈合。
PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折:股骨颈骨折作为临床骨科常见骨折类型,多由骨质疏松和高能量撞击诱发,按照骨折线与水平夹角分型,由Pauwels于1935年提出的分型方法,由于患者的体位影响角度评估,从而临床上依据骨折线与股骨干的垂直线夹角分型,Ⅲ型夹角>50°,角度越大剪切力越大,骨折愈不稳定,负重时股骨颈骨折端愈易发生移位,预后欠佳。
 
摘要
背景:近年来PauwelsⅢ型骨折发病率升高,并未明确治疗方案,且术后较PauwelsⅠ、Ⅱ型骨折易发生股骨头缺血性坏死,分析其相关危险因素对于预防术后股骨头缺血性坏死具有重要意义。
目的:探讨PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定后股骨头缺血性坏死的影响因素。
方法:回顾性分析2010年1月到2016年12月中山市中医院收治并接受手术治疗的216例PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料,采用单因素及Logistic多因素回归分析股骨颈骨折空心拉力螺钉内固定术后股骨头缺血性坏死的相关危险因素。所有患者对治疗及调查方案知情同意,且得到医院伦理委员会批准。
结果与结论:①216例股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定后患者的股骨头缺血坏死发生率为12.5%;②患者性别、体质量指数、骨折至手术时间、是否伴有糖尿病、是否伴有高血压与股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定后股骨头缺血性坏死的形成无关(P > 0.05),而患者年龄、是否术前牵引、手术方式、复位质量、完全负重时间、内固定取出时间均是股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定后股骨头缺血性坏死的相关因素(P < 0.05);③患者年龄大于55岁、术前牵引、空心螺钉内固定、GardenⅢ、Ⅳ型复位质量、术后3个月内完全负重均是导致股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定后股骨头缺血性坏死的危险因素(P < 0.05);④提示PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定后股骨头缺血性坏死的危险因素包括患者年龄大于55岁、术前牵引、空心螺钉内固定、GardenⅢ、Ⅳ型复位质量、术后3个月内完全负重,有效控制这些因素可以减少和预防内固定术后股骨头缺血性坏死的发生。


ORCID: 0000-0001-6120-4849(陈海宏)

关键词: 股骨颈骨折, PauwelsⅢ型, 螺钉内固定, 股骨头缺血性坏死, 危险因素, 年龄, 术前牵引, 负重

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the incidence of Pauwels type III fractures has increased, and the treatment plan is not clear, and the avascular necrosis of femoral head is easy to occur after surgery compared with Pauwels type I and II fractures. Analysis of related risk factors is of great significance for preventing avascular necrosis of femoral head after surgery.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influential factors for femoral head avascular necrosis after screw internal fixation for femoral neck fracture of Pauwels type III.
METHODS: Clinical data of 216 patients with Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2010 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Risk factors related to femoral head avascular necrosis after screw internal fixation were evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. All patients signed the informed consent. This study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In 216 patients with femoral neck fracture of screw fixation, the incidence of the femoral head avascular necrosis was 12.5%. (2) The sex, body mass index, fracture to surgery time, presence of diabetes, hypertension, and femoral head avascular necrosis had no obvious correlation (P > 0.05). The patient’s age, preoperative traction, surgical plan, reset quality, full load time, and internal fixation removal time were all related factors for the femoral head avascular necrosis after screw internal fixation for femoral neck fracture (P < 0.05). (3) The age greater than 55 years old, preoperative traction, hollow screw internal fixation, Garden III, type IV reset quality, and complete weight bearing within 3 months after surgery were risk factors for the femoral head avascular necrosis after screw internal fixation for femoral neck fracture (P < 0.05). (4) The risk factors of the femoral head avascular necrosis after screw internal fixation for femoral neck fracture of Pauwels type III are the age greater than 55 years old, preoperative traction, hollow screw internal fixation, Garden III, type IV reset quality, and complete weight bearing within 3 months after surgery. Effective control of these factors can reduce and prevent postoperative avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Key words: femoral neck fracture, Pauwels III, screw internal fixation, avascular necrosis of femoral head, risk factors, age, preoperative traction, weight-bearing

中图分类号: