中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3844-3849.doi: 10.12307/2021.090

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

基于医院病历资料构建老年髋部骨折术后谵妄Nomogram预测模型

苏保童1,王翰宇2,许忆浪1,谢亚娟1,程志安3   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东省广州市   510405;2襄阳市中医医院,湖北省襄阳市   441000;3广东省中医院骨科,广东省广州市  510000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-14 修回日期:2020-09-16 接受日期:2020-10-30 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 程志安,主任医师,博士,教授,广东省中医院骨科,广东省广州市 510000
  • 作者简介:苏保童,男,1995年生,内蒙古自治区包头市人,广州中医药大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事老年骨质疏松骨折的防治研究。

Construction of a Nomogram prediction model for postoperative delirium after hip fracture in the elderly based on medical records from a hospital

Su Baotong1, Wang Hanyu2, Xu Yilang1, Xie Yajuan1, Cheng Zhian3   

  1. 1Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-14 Revised:2020-09-16 Accepted:2020-10-30 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-08
  • Contact: Cheng Zhian, Chief physician, MD, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Su Baotong, Master candidate, Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
术后谵妄(postoperative delirium,POD):手术治疗后出现的术后谵妄是一类表现为急性、广泛性的认知障碍症候群,以意识障碍为主要临床表现。
Nomogram预测模型:是建立在多因素回归分析的基础上,将多个预测指标进行整合,然后采用带有刻度的线段,按照一定的比例绘制在同一平面上,从而用以表达预测模型中各个变量之间的相互关系。根据模型中各个影响因素对结局变量的贡献程度(回归系数的大小),给每个影响因素的每个取值水平进行赋分,然后再将各个评分相加得到总评分,最后通过总评分与结局事件发生概率之间的函数转换关系计算出该个体结局事件的预测值。

背景:随着人口老龄化的进展,老年髋部骨折患者基数越来越大,骨折手术治疗后出现的谵妄也随之增多。研究老年髋部骨折术后谵妄的危险因素并构建预测模型已成为当下热点。
目的:探讨老年髋部骨折患者术后谵妄的危险因素,构建老年髋部骨折患者术后谵妄Nomogram预测模型。
方法:查找并筛选2015年1月至2019年6月广东省中医院骨二科收治的≥65岁的老年髋部骨折患者病例,分析病历信息。利用Lasso回归及多变量Logistic回归分析筛选老年髋部骨折术后谵妄发生的独立危险因素。利用R软件构建风险预测列线图,并对模型进行评价。 
结果与结论:①864例老年髋部骨折患者中共有243例(28.1%)发生术后谵妄,其中女性166例、男性77例,平均年龄83.36岁;621例患者术后无谵妄发生,女性453例、男性168例,平均年龄81.71岁;②Lasso回归及多变量Logistic回归分析表明年龄、术前等待时间、术前贫血、术中失血量、术前低白蛋白、糖尿病、脑血管疾病及低氧血症是老年髋部骨折术后谵妄发生的独立危险因素;③对列线图模型进行评价,受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.773(95%CI:0.698-0.931);校准曲线为斜率接近于1的直线,显示该模型预测老年髋部骨折患者术后谵妄风险的准确度良好;④临床决策曲线分析表明该模型具有较好的临床实用性;⑤提示:老年髋部骨折术后谵妄Nomogram预测模型可个性化预测老年髋部骨折患者术后谵妄的发生情况,为临床早期识别及干预老年髋部骨折患者术后谵妄提供参考。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-1958 (苏保童) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 髋部骨折, 老年, 术后谵妄, 危险因素, 预测模型

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the development of the aging population, the number of elderly patients with hip fracture is getting larger and larger, and the number of delirium after surgical treatment of hip fracture is also increasing. It has become a hot spot to study the risk factors of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture and build a prediction model.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical risk factors of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture and to establish a Nomogram prediction model of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. 
METHODS: The elderly patients with hip fracture aged ≥ 65 years old who were treated in the Second Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019 were found and screened, and the medical records were analyzed retrospectively. Lasso regression and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent risk factors of postoperative delirium in hip fracture. R software was used to construct risk prediction nomogram and evaluate the model. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Postoperative delirium occurred in 243 cases (28.1%) of 864 elderly patients with hip fracture, including 166 females and 77 males, with an average age of 83.36 years. Postoperative delirium was not observed in 621 patients, including 453 females and 168 males, with an average age of 81.71 years. (2) Lasso regression and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, preoperative waiting time, preoperative anemia, intraoperative blood loss, preoperative low albumin, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease and hypoxemia were independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. (3) Nomogram model evaluation showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.773 (95%CI:0.698-0.931). The calibration curve was a straight line with a slope close to 1, indicating that the model was accurate in predicting the risk of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. (4) The analysis of clinical decision curve showed that the model was clinically practical. (5) It is concluded that the Nomogram prediction model of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture can individually predict the occurrence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture, and provide reference for clinical early identification and intervention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture.

Key words: hip fracture, aged, postoperative delirium, risk factors, prediction model

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