中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (36): 5747-5752.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1894

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换中关节腔灌注联合关节囊周围注射氨甲环酸与术后失血量的关系

包洪波1,孙  立2,田晓滨1,陈  龙2,李森磊2,杨先腾2,王绍彬3,蔡  剑3
  

  1. 1贵州医科大学,贵州省贵阳市  550001;2贵州省人民医院,贵州省贵阳市  550002;3贵阳白云心血管病医院,贵州省贵阳市  550014
  • 出版日期:2019-12-28 发布日期:2019-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 孙立,博士后,主任医师,贵州省人民医院,贵州省贵阳市 550002
  • 作者简介:包洪波,男,1981年生,浙江省嘉兴市人,汉族,2005年贵州医科大学毕业,主治医师,主要从事骨科方面研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81560356),项目负责人:田晓滨|贵州省科技计划[黔科合基础(2019)1429],项目负责人:孙立

Relationship between intra-articular infusion combined with peri-articular injection of tranexamic acid and postoperative blood loss after total knee arthroplasty

Bao Hongbo1, Sun Li2, Tian Xiaobin1, Chen Long2, Li Senlei2, Yang Xianteng2, Wang Shaobin3, Cai Jian3
  

  1. 1Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China; 2Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China; 3GYBY Cardiovascular Disease Hospital, Guiyang 550014, Guizhou Province, China
  • Online:2019-12-28 Published:2019-12-28
  • Contact: Sun Li, MD, Chief physician, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Bao Hongbo, Attending physician, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81560356 (to TXB)| the Guizhou Science and Technology Plan, No. (2019)1429 (to SL)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义
全膝关节置换后出血:由于膝关节有着血运丰富、滑膜多的特点,术中操作会损伤正常血管、滑膜而导致术中及术后出血量增多。加上术中需要使用止血带,这一因素也会一定程度上增加下肢血管缺血和再灌注损伤等其他风险,进而导致释放出血管内皮组织纤溶酶原激活物,激活物的释放又可引起纤溶反应从而影响最终的手术疗效。可见在全膝关节置换围术期针对失血原因采取合理的止血措施,不但能够缓解患者的病情、加强临床手术疗效,还能够改善预后,最终提升患者术后的其生活质量。
氨甲环酸:为一种外科手术中常用的用于减少手术失血及降低输血治疗需求的纤维蛋白溶解抑制药,通过可逆性的阻断纤溶酶原分子上的赖氨酸结合位点,导致纤溶酶原不能转变为纤溶酶,从而有效抑制纤维蛋白溶解、产生止血作用。文章将氨甲环酸在膝关节置换过程中的关节腔灌注及联合关节囊注射2种应用方法进行对比,寻求临床应用氨甲环酸更有效的途径。
 
摘要
背景:氨甲环酸是一种人工合成氨基酸,可阻断纤维蛋白溶酶原的赖氨酸结合位点,以减少纤维蛋白溶解从而减少失血,被广泛应用于减少全膝关节置换围术期出血。
目的:对比关节腔灌注联合关节囊周围注射与单纯关节腔灌注氨甲环酸对全膝关节置换后失血量的影响。
方法:75例被诊断为单侧膝关节骨性关节炎需行全膝关节置换的患者被随机分为2组,术前30 min均静脉滴注生理盐水250 mL+氨甲环酸1 g。单纯关节腔灌注组关节囊缝合完毕松止血带前经关节囊周围软组织注射100 mL“鸡尾酒”,通过引流管向关节腔注入氨甲环酸3.0 g+50 mL生理盐水;关节腔灌注联合关节囊周围注射组(联合组)于关节囊缝合完毕松止血带前向关节囊周围软组织注射100 mL“鸡尾酒”+1.5 g氨甲环酸,并通过引流管向关节腔注入50 mL生理盐水+3.0 g氨甲环酸。2组患者对治疗方案均知情同意,且得到医院伦理委员会批准。术后记录患者24 h引流量、术后第3天失血量及术后凝血功能、目测类比评分、膝关节活动度、输血率、切口感染率、肺栓塞、深静脉血栓发生率。
结果与结论:①联合组术后24 h引流量、第3天失血量均较单纯关节腔灌注组减少,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②2组患者术后膝关节活动度、目测类比评分及凝血功能差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③单纯关节腔灌注组1例患者需要输血,2组均未发生切口感染、下肢深静脉血栓及肺栓塞;④结果证实,关节腔灌注联合关节囊周围注射氨甲环酸可显著减少全膝关节置换患者术后失血量,且不会增加术后血栓形成的风险。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4421-4612(包洪波)

关键词: 氨甲环酸, 关节腔灌注联合关节囊周围注射, 关节腔灌注, 全膝关节置换, 术后失血量, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid is a synthetic amino acid, and can block the lysine binding site of plasminogen to reduce fibrinolysis and blood loss. It is widely used to reduce perioperative bleeding in total knee arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intra-articular infusion combined with peri-articular injection versus intra-articular infusion of tranexamic acid on blood loss after total knee arthroplasty.  
METHODS: Totally 75 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis who underwent total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups were intravenously injected with normal saline 250 mL+tranexamic acid 1 g 30 minutes before surgery. For the intra-articular infusion group, peri-articular injection with 100 mL cocktail was performed after the closure of articular capsule and intra-articular infusion with tranexamic acid (3.0 g+normal saline 50 mL) was also performed after surgery. For the intra-articular infusion combined with peri-articular injection group, peri-articular injection with 100 mL cocktail+1.5 g tranexamic acid was performed after the closure of articular capsule and intra-articular infusion with normal saline 50 mL+3.0 g tranexamic acid was also performed after surgery. Patients signed the informed consent. This study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee. The 24-hour drainage, blood loss, coagulation function, visual analogue scale score, knee joint mobility, blood transfusion rate, incision infection rate, pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis were recorded on the third day after operation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The intra-articular infusion combined with peri-articular injection group resulted in less postoperative 24-hour drainage volume and 3rd day’s blood loss postoperatively (P < 0.05). (2) There was no obvious statistical difference in range of motion, visual analogue scale score, and coagulation function between two groups (P > 0.05). (3) There was only one patient who received the transfusion treatment in intra-articular infusion group. There was no wound infection, deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism in the two groups. (4) These findings demonstrated that intra-articular infusion combined with peri-articular injection of tranexamic acid can significantly reduce the postoperative blood loss in total knee arthroplasty without increasing the risk of thrombosis.

Key words: tranexamic acid, joint cavity perfusion combined with pericapsular injection, joint cavity perfusion, total knee arthroplasty, postoperative blood loss, National Natural Science Foundation of China

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