中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (18): 2908-2914.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3833

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换全程与仅在安装假体时使用止血带疗效及安全性比较的Meta分析

邓  波,洪海南,范勇勇,蔡国平,冯兴兵,洪正华   

  1. 温州医科大学附属台州医院骨科,浙江省临海市   317000
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-28 修回日期:2020-07-03 接受日期:2020-08-07 出版日期:2021-06-28 发布日期:2021-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 洪正华,主任医师,温州医科大学附属台州医院骨科,浙江省临海市 317000
  • 作者简介:邓波,男,1989年生,湖南省郴州市人,汉族,2017年大连医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事关节外科微创治疗与快速康复研究。

Efficacy and safety of tourniquet application in total knee arthroplasty and only at the time of cementing: a meta-analysis

Deng Bo, Hong Hainan, Fan Yongyong, Cai Guoping, Feng Xingbing, Hong Zhenghua   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Received:2020-06-28 Revised:2020-07-03 Accepted:2020-08-07 Online:2021-06-28 Published:2021-01-12
  • Contact: Hong Zhenghua, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • About author:Deng Bo, Mater, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
全膝关节置换:为关节外科广泛开展的一项手术,是目前治疗膝关节终末期疾病最有效的方法,术中需要对膝关节软组织松解、滑膜切除及截骨操作,围术期失血量较大,减少失血量成为目前全膝关节置换关注的焦点。
止血带的使用方法:四肢手术术中常常需要使用止血带,可以使术中手术切口视野保持清晰,有利于术中的操作。止血带在全膝关节置换过程中的使用方法目前包括术中全程使用、术中部分过程使用及不使用止血带3种方法,然而对于全膝关节置换过程中止血带不同使用策略目前仍存在争议。

目的:全膝关节置换中使用止血带可减少术中出血,增加假体的稳定性,使用方法包括全程使用止血带、术中部分过程使用止血带,对于如何使用止血带目前仍存在争议。采用Meta分析方法评价全膝关节置换中全程使用止血带和仅在安装假体时使用止血带的疗效及安全性。
方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、the Cochrane library、中国知网、万方数据库,搜集全膝关节置换中全程使用止血带和仅在安装假体时使用止血带的随机对照研究,提取相关数据,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行分析,评价两组在相关结局上的差异。
结果:①共纳入11篇文献,总共624例患者,其中全程使用止血带患者322例,仅在安装假体时使用止血带患者302例;②Meta分析结果显示,全程使用组术中失血量、膝关节功能美国特种外科医院评分低于安装假体时使用组[MD=-175.38,95%CI(-243.26,-107.50),P < 0.000 1;MD=-9.20,95%CI(-17.82,-1.13),P=0.03],术后引流量、隐性失血量、术后第1天膝关节切口目测类比评分、次要并发症发生率、下肢深静脉血栓发生率高于安装假体时使用组[MD=65.71,95%CI(41.45,89.97),P < 0.000 1;MD=141.44,95%CI(63.46,219.42),P=0.004;MD=0.35,95%CI(0.06,0.64),P=0.02;RR=2.53,95%CI(1.42,4.52),P=0.002;OR=2.68,95%CI(1.22,5.87),P=0.01];两组间手术时间、总出血量、术后第2,3天的膝关节切口目测类比评分、输血率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。
结论:与全程使用止血带相比,全膝关节置换中仅在安装假体时使用止血带可以减少术后失血量、引流量和隐性失血量及术后早期膝关节切口疼痛,获得更好的膝关节功能,降低并发症发生率和下肢深静脉血栓的发生率。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9849-5659 (邓波) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 关节置换, 假体, 全膝关节置换, 止血带, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of tourniquets can reduce intraoperative blood loss during total knee arthroplasty, which can increase the stability of the prosthesis. The use of tourniquet includes the use of tourniquet in the whole process and the use of tourniquet in part of the operation. How to use tourniquet is still controversial. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty and only at the time of cementing.
METHODS: We searched randomized controlled trials involving different tourniquet use techniques during total knee arthroplasty and only when installing prosthesis through PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, and the Wanfang database. Relevant data were extracted and analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software to evaluate the difference of related outcomes between the two groups. 
RESULTS: (1) A total of 624 patients from 11 randomized controlled trials were included. Among them, 322 patients used tourniquet during the whole procedure, and 302 patients used tourniquet only at the time of cementing. (2) The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with the group using tourniquet only at the time of cementing, intraoperative blood loss and hospital for special surgery knee score were lower [MD=-175.38, 95%CI (-243.26, -107.50), P < 0.000 1; MD=-9.20, 95%CI(-17.82, -1.13), P=0.03]; postoperative drainage volume, hidden blood loss, visual analogue scale score of knee joint incision on the first day after operation, incidence of secondary complications and incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity were higher [MD=65.71, 95%CI(41.45, 89.97), P < 0.000 1; MD=141.44, 95%CI(63.46, 219.42), P=0.004; MD=0.35, 95%CI(0.06, 0.64), P=0.02; MD=2.53, 95%CI(1.42, 4.52), P=0.002; MD=2.68, 95%CI(1.22, 5.87), P=0.01] in the group that used a tourniquet during the entire surgical procedure. There was no significant difference in operation time, total blood loss, visual analogue scale score of knee joint incision at postoperative 2 and 3 days, and blood transfusion rate between the two groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Compared with the use of tourniquet during the entire surgical procedure, tourniquet use only at the time of cementing can reduce the postoperative blood loss, drainage volume and hidden blood loss, as well as early postoperative knee incision pain, obtain better knee function, reduce the incidence of complications and the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.

Key words: bone, joint arthroplasty, prosthesis, total knee arthroplasty, tourniquet, meta-analysis

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