中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 843-848.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1568

• 药物控释材料 drug delivery materials • 上一篇    下一篇

载万古霉素缓释微球纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架联合自体红骨髓可修复慢性骨髓炎兔的骨缺损

向柄彦,李 鹏,柏 帆,周思睿   

  1. 遵义市第一人民医院,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-24 出版日期:2019-02-28 发布日期:2019-02-28
  • 作者简介:向柄彦,男,1978年生,贵州省遵义市人,汉族,2017年重庆医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事创伤修复、数字骨科研究。
  • 基金资助:

    遵义市联合科技基金项目[2017(42)],项目负责人:向柄彦

Repair of bone defects due to chronic osteomyelitis in rabbits using nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffold carrying vancomycin/polyactic-co-glycolic acid sustained-release microspheres combined with autologous red bone marrow

Xiang Bingyan, Li Peng, Bo Fan, Zhou Sirui   

  1. the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2018-08-24 Online:2019-02-28 Published:2019-02-28
  • About author:Xiang Bingyan, MD, Associate chief physician, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the United Science and Technology Foundation of Zunyi, No. 2017(42) (to XBY)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
载万古霉素/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物缓释微球万古霉素属于糖肽类抗生素,已被广泛用于治疗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和其他革兰阳性菌感染,其半衰期一般为6-8 h,因此治疗时需要按时维持药物浓度;聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物是由乳酸和羟基乙酸按照特定比例聚合生成的高分子材料,具有理想的生物相容性及可降解性,已在生物医学领域得到广泛研究,利用其制备的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物缓释微球载药量、包封率及释放效率高,因此采用聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物制备的万古霉素缓释微球具有较高的载药量、包封率及释放效率,可持续维持药物浓度,达到更好的治疗效果。
自体红骨髓:自体红骨髓取自实验动物自体,可避免移植治疗中的免疫排斥及配型等问题,并且其中含有丰富的基质细胞,在体内或体外均可被诱导成骨,可成为骨组织工程的种子细胞。此外,自体红骨髓具备取材简便、操作容易及极少出现并发症等优点,有利于临床应用。
 
 
背景:前期研究证实,万古霉素缓释微球对兔慢性骨髓炎具有良好的治疗效果,纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖具有良好的生物相容性、降解性及成骨诱导性,自体红骨髓联合纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架可用于修复兔桡骨骨缺损。因此,3者联合修复兔慢性骨髓炎骨缺损的效果有待验证。
目的:探讨载万古霉素/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(polyactic-co-glycolic acid,PLGA)缓释微球的纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架,联合自体红骨髓修复兔慢性骨髓炎骨缺损的治疗效果及可行性。
方法:采用水-油-水乳相法制备万古霉素/PLGA缓释微球,将缓释微球与纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖混合液充分混匀,采用真空冷冻干造法制备载万古霉素/PLGA缓释微球的纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架,对支架进行力学性能测试及万古霉素释放量检测。在20只5月龄新西兰大白兔(解放军第三军医大学大坪医院实验动物中心提供)左侧胫骨髓腔内注射金黄色葡萄球菌,构建慢性骨髓炎骨缺损模型,随机分4组干预,A组仅作清创处理,B组清创后植入纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架,C组清创后植入载万古霉素/PLGA缓释微球纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架,D组清创后植入载万古霉素/PLGA缓释微球纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架及自体红骨髓。治疗3个月后,通过X射线、病理苏木精-伊红染色评价骨缺损修复效果。

结果与结论:①载万古霉素/PLGA缓释微球的纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架,具有良好的生物力学性能及缓慢平稳释放万古霉素的能力;②治疗3个月后的X射线显示,A、B组胫骨近端仍见明显的缺损区、骨质破坏及骨膜反应;C组可见新生骨形成,缺损区稍模糊,但仍有缺损存在;D组可见新骨形成,缺损区模糊,密度稍增高,骨膜反应消失;③治疗3个月后的病理苏木精-伊红染色显示,A、B组骨小梁紊乱、破坏较多;C、D组骨小梁排列较为整齐,破坏较少,且D组骨小梁粗大,排列有序;④结果表明,载万古霉素/PLGA缓释微球的纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖支架联合自体红骨髓修复兔慢性骨髓炎骨缺损效果良好。

ORCID: 0000-0001-6130-0224(向柄彦)

关键词: 纳米羟基磷灰石, 壳聚糖, 万古霉素, 缓释微球, 慢性骨髓炎, 自体红骨髓, 骨髓炎骨缺损, 复合支架

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have confirmed that vancomycin sustained-release microspheres exert satisfactory therapeutic effect on chronic osteomyelitis in rabbits. Nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHA/CS) has good biocompatibility, degradability and osteogenic induction. Autologous red bone marrow can be used as a seed cell source combined with nHA/CS scaffold to repair rabbit tibia bone defects. Therefore, the combined effects of the three materials in the repair of rabbit chronic osteomyelitis bone defects need a further investigation.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and feasibility of nHA/CS scaffold carrying vancomycin/polyactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) sustained-release microspheres combined with autologous red bone marrow in the repair of chronic osteomyelitis bone defects in rabbits.
METHODS: Vancomycin/PLGA sustained-release microspheres were prepared by water oil and water emulsion method. The nHA/CS scaffolds carrying vancomycin/PLGA sustained-release microspheres were prepared by vacuum freeze drying, and mechanical properties and vancomycin release of the scaffold were determined. Twenty 5-month-old New Zealand white rabbits provided by Laboratory Animal Centre of Daping Hospital of Third Military Medical University were selected for establishing the chronic osteomyelitis bone defect model by intramedullary infection of Staphylococcus aureus into the left tibia. The model rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: group A was only given only for debridement treatment; in group B, the nHA/CS scaffold was implanted after debridement; in group C, nHA/CS scaffolds carrying vancomycin/PLGA sustained-release microspheres were implanted after debridement; in group D, nHA/CS scaffolds carrying vancomycin/PLGA microspheres and autologous red bone marrow were implanted after debridement. At 3 months after implantation, the repair effect was observed by X-ray and hematoxylin-eosin staining.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The nHA/CS scaffolds carrying vancomycin/PLGA sustained-release microspheres held good biomechanical properties and drug sustained release. At 3 months after implantation, X-ray revealed that the defect region in the groups A and B had no obvious improvement, and there were still bone destruction and periosteal reaction. The group C showed the formation of the new bone, the defect area was slightly blurred, but the defect still existed. In the group D, new bone formed, the defect area became blurred, the density was slightly high, and the periosteum reaction disappeared. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the bone trabecular disorder and more damage in the groups A and B. The bone trabecula was neatly arranged and less damaged in the groups C and D, and especially the group D had thickened bone trabecula arranged regularly. These results indicate that nHA/CS scaffolds carrying vancomycin/PLGA sustained-release microspheres combined with autologous red bone marrow exhibit good outcomes in repairing the bone defect due to chronic osteomyelitis in rabbits.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

Key words: Hydroxyapatites, Chitosan, Vancomycin, Microspheres, Osteomyelitis;, Bone Marrow, Tissue Engineering

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