中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 815-820.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1565

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    

干细胞源性外泌体促骨折愈合的机制及临床应用进展

朱万博,卢锦森,杨家赵,方诗元   

  1. 安徽医科大学附属安徽省立医院,安徽省合肥市 230001
  • 修回日期:2018-11-06 出版日期:2019-02-18 发布日期:2019-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 方诗元,主任医师,安徽医科大学附属安徽省立医院,安徽省合肥市 230001
  • 作者简介:朱万博,男,1995年生,安徽省合肥市人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨外科方面的研究。

Mechanism and clinical application of stem cell-derived exosomes in promoting fracture healing

Zhu Wanbo, Lu Jinsen, Yang Jiazhao, Fang Shiyuan   

  1. Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • Revised:2018-11-06 Online:2019-02-18 Published:2019-02-18
  • Contact: Fang Shiyuan, Chief physician, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Zhu Wanbo, Master candidate, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
干细胞源性外泌体:
外泌体是由多种细胞在特定刺激下释放的一种直径在40-100 nm的胞外囊泡。外泌体能选择性包裹来源细胞的蛋白质分子、遗传性物质、细胞因子等功能性生物活性物质,并以胞吐的形式分泌到胞外环境,具有重要的胞间通讯功能。干细胞源性外泌体因其携带干细胞特殊的生物活性物质,被认为是重要的无细胞再生医学的一员,有望成为新的临床治疗方法。
骨折愈合:骨折愈合是由多系统共同完成的复杂的生理程序,主要分为血肿机化期、骨痂形成期和骨痂塑形期。在骨折端局部微环境中,骨不断地进行重建,其重建过程包括破骨细胞贴附在旧骨区域,分泌酸性物质溶解矿物质,分泌蛋白酶消化骨基质,形成骨吸收陷窝,之后成骨细胞移行至被吸收部位,分泌骨基质,骨基质矿化而形成新骨。骨折愈合主要是破骨与成骨过程的动态平衡。

 

摘要
背景:
根据干细胞源性外泌体的生物学特点,不断有研究发现其在促成骨分化、血管生成和骨质矿化中具有特异性作用,是潜在的促骨折愈合材料。
目的:综述干细胞源性外泌体促骨折愈合的机制及其临床应用最新研究进展,以期为临床应用提供思路。
方法:检索PubMed数据库及CNKI中国期刊全文数据库收录的干细胞源性外泌体促进骨折愈合的相关文章。英文检索词为“stem cell derived exosome,fracture healing,bone regeneration,osteogenic differentiation”,中文检索词为“干细胞,外泌体,骨折愈合,骨再生,成骨分化”。按照纳入与排除标准最终纳入49篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:①干细胞源性外泌体能通过选择性携带遗传因子、蛋白质、转录因子等生物活性物质在骨折愈合微环境中发挥促进作用;②干细胞源性外泌体主要通过改善骨折微环境、促进血管形成、成骨分化、骨矿化等方式促进骨折愈合;③受制于高效经济的分离提取方式和适合的使用载体,干细胞源性外泌体促骨折愈合的临床应用尚需要进一步研究。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID:0000-0003-3457-3432(朱万博)

关键词: 干细胞, 外泌体, 骨折愈合, 骨折愈合微环境, 干细胞外泌体, 成骨分化

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Recently, increasing researches have reported the specific function of stem cell-derived exosomes based on its biological features in osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis and bone mineralization, indicating that stem cell-derived exosome is a potential material in promoting fracture healing.
OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism and clinical progress of stem cell-derived exosomes in promoting fracture healing, which is expected to provide a new insight into its clinical therapy.
METHODS: The first author retrieved literatures on bone graft materials and bone defect repair in CNKI (Medical Edition) database and PubMed database by the keywords of “stem cell derived exosome, fracture healing, bone regeneration, osteogenic differentiation” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 49 articles were eligible for result analysis
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cell-derived exosomes can promote fracture healing by selectively carrying genetic factors, proteins, transcription factors and other biologically active substances. The promotion by stem cell-derived exosomes is mainly implemented by improving fracture microenvironment, promoting osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis and bone mineralization. However, due to the efficient and economical separation and extraction methods and suitable vectors, the clinical application of stem cell-derived exosomes to promote fracture healing still needs further research.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Stem Cells, Exosomes, Fracture Healing, Tissue Engineering

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