中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (31): 5056-5061.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0378

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨头坏死手术治疗最新进展:如何达到保髋治疗的目的

王 骏,葛乔枫,武壮壮,吕 智   

  1. 山西医科大学第二临床医学院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 出版日期:2018-11-08 发布日期:2018-11-08
  • 通讯作者: 吕智,博士,主任医师,教授,山西医科大学附属第二医院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:王骏,男,1990年生,山西省运城市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨肿瘤与骨病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    山西省自然科学基金(2015011097)

The latest advances in surgical treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head: how to achieve the goal of hip joint preserving treatment  

Wang Jun, Ge Qiao-feng, Wu Zhuang-zhuang, Lü Zhi   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Online:2018-11-08 Published:2018-11-08
  • Contact: Lü Zhi, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Second Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jun, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Second Clinical Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, No. 2015011097

摘要:

文章快速阅读:




文题释义:
髓芯减压:股骨头内血流发生改变,引起髓腔内压力持续升高,导致股骨头出现缺血性骨坏死。髓腔内压力升高被认为是缺血性骨坏死发生的病因及早期表现,髓芯减压可以降低髓腔内升高的压力,阻止甚至逆转股骨头坏死的进一步发生,促进钻孔隧道内血管的再生及骨微循环的恢复。
截骨术:是指通过截骨的方法将股骨头的坏死区域移出负重区。应用于临床的截骨术包括内翻或外翻截骨、经股骨转子旋转截骨术等。
 
摘要
背景:关节置换是治疗股骨头坏死的有效方法,但仅适用于中老年人。目前关于股骨头坏死手术治疗的研究热点主要集中在保髋治疗方面。
目的:总结股骨头坏死的各种手术治疗特点及最新研究进展。
方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索从2008年到2018年PubMed、Web of Science及Medline数据库中的有关股骨头手术治疗的文献,英文检索词为:“osteonecrosis of femoral head,core decompression,stem cell transplantation,vascularized free bone grafting,porous tantalum rod implantation,intertrochanteric osteotomy,total hip arthroplasty”。共检索到104篇,查阅全文,按照纳入标准,最后纳入52篇文献进行结果分析
结果与结论:①目前手术治疗股骨头坏死的方式多种多样。髓芯减压技术能降低坏死股骨头髓腔的内压力,仅适用于早期股骨头坏死的患者;钽棒技术一定程度上弥补了骨移植的缺陷,为股骨头提供强有力的机械支撑作用的同时,又能为新骨的形成提供良好的环境;新的生物制剂如骨髓间充质干细胞、生长因子等可以促进骨质再生,为治疗提供了新的思路;②随着显微镜下操作技术的不断革新,使得吻合血管的骨移植技术应用更为普遍;③截骨术通过改变股骨头的力线,改变了髋部主要承重区域,高效的延缓了疾病的进展;④第3代氧化铝陶瓷材料的出现延长了人工关节的使用寿命,尤其适用于股骨头坏死晚期,但是其具体适用证有待进一步研究。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-5747-6013(王骏)

关键词: 股骨头坏死, 手术治疗, 髓芯减压, 干细胞移植, 截骨术, 多孔钽棒, 骨移植, 髋关节置换

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Arthroplasty is an effective method for osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). The hotspot of ONFH treatment focuses on the hip joint preserving surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the characteristics of various operative methods for ONFH and the latest research progress.
METHODS: The first author searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Medline for the articles concerning surgical treatments of ONFH published from 2008 to 2018. The keywords were “osteonecrosis of femoral head, core decompression, stem cell transplantation, vascularized free bone grafting, porous tantalum rod implantation, intertrochanteric osteotomy, total hip arthroplasty”. Totally 104 articles were retrieved, and finally 52 eligible articles were enrolled based on inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There are a large number of operative methods for ONFH. Core decompression can relieve the internal pressure of femoral head, but it only suits for the patients in the early stage of ONFH. The application of tantalum rod can provide strong support for femoral head and good base for osteogenesis. Application of new biological agents such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, growth factor, can contribute to the regeneration of necrotic bone and create a new approach to preserve hip joint for ONFH. (2) With the development of microsurgical technique, bone transplantation with blood vessels is applied extensively. (3) Osteotomy changes the weight-bearing area of femoral head and effectively slows the disease progression. (4) The invention of the third generation alumina ceramic extends the life of artificial joint, especially is applicable for the late stage of ONFH. But the specific indications need to be studied further. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femur Head Necrosis, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Prosthesis Design, Tissue Engineering

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