中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (20): 3172-3177.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0257

• 组织构建与生物力学 tissue construction and biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

颞下颌关节有限元模型的生物力学特征

詹  翔   

  1. 西南医科大学附属医院放射科,四川省泸州市   646000
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-01 出版日期:2018-07-18 发布日期:2018-07-18
  • 作者简介:詹翔,男,1987年生,四川省泸州市人,2013年西南医科大学毕业,技师,主要从事影像技术研究。

Biomechanical properties of the finite element model of temporomandibular joint

Zhan Xiang   

  1. Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2017-04-01 Online:2018-07-18 Published:2018-07-18
  • About author:Zhan Xiang, Technician, Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ):简称下颌关节,是颌面部唯一的左右双侧联动关节,包括颞骨关节、窝关节盘、关节周围的关节囊、关节韧带及下颌骨髁突等组织结构,维持较为复杂的生理形态功能。颞下颌关节的神经来自咬肌神经及耳颞神经的耳前支。其血液供给来自上颌动脉、咽升动脉及耳后动脉等的分支,关节盘除其中央部分外,均有动脉供养。颞下颌关节具有双侧协同运动能力,从而构成统一的功能性能单元,具备言语、表情等性能。颞下颌关节疾病一般包括常见的损伤、紊乱病,进而造成颞下颌关节不正常的生理状态及一些心理障碍等病症。
下颌骨髁状突:略呈椭圆形,由一横嵴把髁状突顶分为前后2个斜面,前斜面覆盖着较厚的纤维软骨,是关节的功能区,很多关节病最早破坏此区。两侧髁状突的长轴略偏向后方,其延长线成145°-160°角,这个角度可使下颌做侧方运动时不致左右脱位。颞骨关节面的凹部为关节窝,容纳髁状突。凸部为关节结节,是主要承受咀嚼压力区。关节窝比髁状突大得多,这使髁状突运动时非常灵活,能在较大的窝内做回旋运动,这对咀嚼运动有重要意义。
摘要
背景:
颞下颌关节的结构存在形态不规整及复杂性,因此获取CT数据及三维建模存在困难问题,探求可靠的三维建模方法模拟仿真颞下颌关节,对颞下颌关节紊乱病症的研究有重要的临床意义。
目的:基于螺旋CT扫描数据,建立颞下颌关节的软、硬整体组织三维模型。
方法:选取面部骨性结构无异常、正常发育,且无错牙合畸形的成年男性个体1例。①获取颞下颌关节的CT扫描数据,通过影像提取法构建颞下颌关节三维有限元模型;②根据实际人体颞下颌关节的运动状况,设定模型的功能参数,从而进行有限元模拟分析。
结果与结论:①通过数值模拟表明,当下颌侧方处于运动状态时,对侧关节盘与同侧关节盘的应力情况分布均不相同;同侧关节盘呈现较高的应力分布情况,主要集中在关节盘的侧方/后带部位;颞骨下壁遭受颞下颌关节盘的巨大压迫,因此使得同侧关节盘的髁状突侧方产生扭曲变形,所以其最容易穿孔或受损;②在建立的模型上模拟分析颞下颌关节侧方功能运动情况,并进行有限元分析,获得应力分布图,进而为髁状突骨折及颞下颌关节置换等手术提供相应的理论依据。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-2989-8497(詹翔)

关键词: 颞下颌关节, 有限元模型, 应力, 生物力学分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Structure of temporomandibular joint is irregular and complex, so it is difficult to obtain CT data and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. Constructing a reliable 3D model simulating temporomandibular joint is of great significance for the studies on temporomandibular joint disturbance.
OBJECTIVE: To establish the 3D model of soft and hard tissues of temporomandibular joint based on spiral CT scanning data.
METHODS: A man with normal facial structure and normal occlusion was selected. The 3D finite element model of temporomandibular joint was established based on CT data of temporomandibular joint. According to the actual human temporomandibular joint movement, the finite element analysis was conducted by adjusting the function parameters.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Numerical simulation results showed that when the lateral side of mandible in movement, the stress distribution of contralateral and ipsilateral articular discs was different. There was high stress distribution on the ipsilateral articular disc, which concentrated on the lateral side/posterior part of articular disc. Because the inferior wall of temporal bone wall joints bears the strong compression of temporomandibular joint, the lateral condyle of ipsilateral articular disc distorted, thus perforation or damage easily occurred. (2) The movement of lateral temporomandibular joint is analyzed on the established model by a finite element analysis, and the stress distribution is obtained, which can provide theoretical basis for treatment of condylar fracture and temporomandibular joint replacement.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Temporomandibular Joint, Biomechanics, Finite Element Analysis, Tissue Engineering

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