中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (23): 4325-4328.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.23.032

• 干细胞学术探讨 stem cell academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

胰岛干细胞的研究与进展：诱导产生功能性β细胞的路还有多远？

杜志坚，赵春华   

  1. 中国医学科学院，北京协和医学院基础医学院组织工程中心，北京市  100005
  • 出版日期:2010-06-04 发布日期:2010-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 赵春华，博士，教授，中国医学科学院，北京协和医学院基础医学院组织工程中心，北京市 100005
  • 作者简介:杜志坚，男，1969年生，河北省保定市人，汉族，北京协和医学院在读博士，主要从事肿瘤干细胞研究。 duzhijian2000@ yahoo.com.cn

Research progress in islet stem cells: How far from the induction and production of functional beta cells？

Du Zhi-jian, Zhao Chun-hua   

  1. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing   100005, China
  • Online:2010-06-04 Published:2010-06-04
  • Contact: Zhao Chun-hua, Doctor, Professor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
  • About author:Du Zhi-jian, Studying for doctorate, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China duzhijian2000@ yahoo.com.cn

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摘要：

背景：胰岛素替代治疗是目前最常用于治疗糖尿病的方法，然而这种治疗方法有很多缺陷。胰岛移植作为治疗糖尿病的一种有效方法已经得到公认。胰岛供体的缺乏和移植排斥反应的存在限制了胰岛移植的临床应用。胰岛干细胞可以有效解决这个难题。
目的：文章对胰岛β干细胞的来源、诱导分化效率，目前存在的问题和应用前景进行综述。
方法：应用计算机检索Pubmed 数据库1990-01/2009-12有关于糖尿病干细胞研究的相关文献，检索关键词：diabetes, stem cell, treatment, islets。通过阅读标题和文摘进行初筛，排除重复性研究、Meta分析类文献，保留23篇文献进行分析总结。
结果与结论：由干细胞诱导分化得到的胰腺β细胞可以发挥调节血糖的作用。目前用于诱导分化为胰腺β细胞的干细胞来源包括胚胎干细胞、胰腺干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞等。在不同的干细胞诱导分化为胰腺β细胞的研究中，分为体内和体外两种诱导分化方法，而体外诱导法多数采用分步诱导的方式，也有部分实验利用基因技术的方法进行诱导。目前胰岛干细胞的研究仍处于初步阶段，如何诱导产生大量的功能性β细胞仍是一个巨大挑战。

关键词: 糖尿病, 胰岛, &beta, 细胞, 诱导分化, 胰岛干细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Insulin replacement therapy is the widely used method for diabetes treatment, whereas there are many defects for this treatment. Islets transplantation has been widely accepted as an effective way for diabetes treatment. But, transplantation rejection and shortage of cadaver pancreases limit its use in the clinic. Islet stem cells can solve this problem effectively.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize source, induction, and differentiation efficiency of pancreatic β cells, present existing problems and application perspective.

METHODS: We searched Pubmed database for relevant literatures concerning diabetes mellitus stem cells published from January 1990 to December 2009 using key words of “diabetes, stem cell, treatment, islets”. Following reading titles and abstracts, articles were primarily screened. Duplicated and Meta analysis studies were excluded, and 23 literatures were included for summary.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pancreatic β cells derived from stem cells play a role in regulating blood glucose. At present, stem cells that can differentiate into pancreatic β cells primarily included embryonic stem cells, pancreatic stem cells, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In studies of differentiation of various stem cells into pancreatic β cells, there are two differentiation methods (in vivo and in vitro). In vitro induction mainly used step-by-stop induction, and some tests utilized gene technique. At present, studies addressing islet stem cells remain in a primary stage. How to induce and produce a large number of functional β cells is still a big challenge.

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