中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (22): 3603-3608.doi: 10.12307/2024.532

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    

主动靶向肾脏作用纳米颗粒在非肿瘤性肾脏疾病中的研发现状

刘  畅,李林华,付  平   

  1. 四川大学华西医院肾脏内科,四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-16 接受日期:2023-11-10 出版日期:2024-08-08 发布日期:2024-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 付平,博士,教授,博士生导师,四川大学华西医院肾脏内科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:刘畅,女,1999年生,山西省大同市人,汉族,四川大学华西临床医学院在读硕士,主要从事肾脏病相关基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目(2023NSFSC1586),项目负责人:李林华

Research and development of nanoparticles with active targeting ability in nonneoplastic kidney disease

Liu Chang, Li Linhua, Fu Ping    

  1. Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-09-16 Accepted:2023-11-10 Online:2024-08-08 Published:2024-01-20
  • Contact: Fu Ping, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Chang, Master candidate, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Plan Program of Sichuan Province, No. 2023NSFSC1586 (to LLH)

摘要:


文题释义:

纳米颗粒:是指粒径< 100 nm的纳米级别粒子或者粒径为100-1 000 nm但表现出纳米颗粒性质的材料。按照材料组成,纳米药物递送系统可分为有机药物载体、无机药物载体、生物材料药物载体和复合材料药物载体。纳米颗粒因其可以实现高效低毒靶向的药物递送而成为药物递送领域的研究热点。
主动靶向作用:指纳米颗粒依赖于靶向分子的识别能力进入特定细胞器、细胞、组织或器官等靶点,或结合和作用于特定靶点的一种自主行为。通常通过纳米材料表面功能化、靶向分子接枝等方式而实现。


背景:目前治疗肾脏疾病的药物种类较少,部分系统使用药物存在全身不良反应较大、在体内循环被迅速降解等问题。目前具有主动靶向作用的纳米颗粒相关研究成为药物递送领域的热点,与纳米颗粒主动靶向相关的病理基础探索也在不断深入。

目的:归纳总结目前常见肾脏疾病中已有研究的主动靶向策略。
方法:第一作者及第二作者检索中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库、PubMed数据库,以“Nanoparticles,active targeting,target,kidney,kidney disease”为英文检索词,以“纳米颗粒,纳米粒子,靶向,主动靶向,肾脏疾病,肾脏”为中文检索词,检索2023-07-02前发表的所有相关文献,并对文献进行了筛选、归纳、总结,最后纳入62篇文献进行综述。

结果与结论:具有主动靶向作用的纳米粒子在多种常见肾脏疾病中已有研究。主动靶向作用的机制主要是配体受体结合,通过在纳米粒子上修饰配体将其特异性导向肾脏内细胞上的受体,实现主动靶向。在不同肾脏病理条件下,肾脏特定部位的病理变化可能成为主动靶向实现的关键突破点。虽然具有肾靶向作用的纳米颗粒在非肿瘤性肾脏疾病中已有初步研究,但所有研究均处于动物体内实验阶段,距离将这些研究成果应用于医疗工作还要走很远的道路。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6791-777X(刘畅)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 纳米粒子, 主动靶向, 药物递送系统, 纳米医学, 肾脏疾病, 特异性

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, there are few kinds of drugs to treat kidney diseases, and many systemic drugs have some problems, such as serious side effects, rapid degradation in the body circulation and so on. At present, active targeting of nanoparticles has become a hot spot in the field of drug delivery, and the exploration of the pathological mechanism related to active targeting of nanoparticles is becoming more and more abundant.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the active targeting strategies in common renal diseases.
METHODS: The first author and the second author searched CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and PubMed databases using “nanoparticles, active targeting, target, kidney, kidney disease” as English key words and “nanoparticles, nanoparticles, targeting, active targeting, kidney disease, kidney” as Chinese key words. All relevant articles published before July 2, 2023 were retrieved, screened, concluded, and summarized. Finally, 62 articles were included for the summary.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The active targeting effect of nanoparticles has been studied in many common kidney diseases. The mechanism of active targeting is mainly the binding of ligands and receptors, by modifying the ligand on the nanoparticles to specifically target the receptor on the cells in the kidney; in which way active targeting is realized. Under different renal pathological conditions, the pathological changes of specific kidney sites may become the key breakthrough point to achieve active targeting. Although kidney-targeting nanoparticles have shown promise in the treatment of nonneoplastic kidney diseases, but it is still in the experimental phase in animals, and it is still a long way from applying these results to medical work.

Key words: nanoparticle, active targeting, drug delivery system, nanomedicine, kidney disease, specificity

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