中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 1599-1605.doi: 10.12307/2024.314

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

人工生物材料在关节软骨损伤修复中的应用

张本妥,杨  昕   

  1. 北京大学第一医院,北京市  100034
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-16 接受日期:2023-05-27 出版日期:2024-04-08 发布日期:2023-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 杨昕,副主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,北京大学第一医院,北京市 100034
  • 作者简介:张本妥,男,2001年生,江西省上饶市人,汉族,北京大学医学部本科在读,主要从事软骨损伤修复研究。

Application of synthetic and biological materials in articular cartilage repair

Zhang Bentuo, Yang Xin   

  1. First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China 
  • Received:2023-03-16 Accepted:2023-05-27 Online:2024-04-08 Published:2023-08-21
  • Contact: Yang Xin, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
  • About author:Zhang Bentuo, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China

摘要:


文题释义:

软骨组织工程:是指将种子细胞植入模拟软骨细胞外基质结构的凝胶/支架中,并将支架材料移植在缺损软骨部位,在生长因子作用下使种子细胞增殖分化、合成并分泌细胞外基质,以达到软骨修复的目的。
交联:是指通过物理和化学(如光、热、超声波、加入交联剂等)方法使支架中线性高分子聚合物通过共价键连接形成网状高分子聚合物,从而改善支架的机械性能。


背景:关节软骨损伤修复是临床上亟待解决的难题,利用人工生物组织工程材料促进软骨再生修复是目前的研究热点之一。

目的:对人工生物材料在关节软骨损伤修复中应用的研究进展进行综述。
方法:应用计算机检索 PubMed 数据库和中国知网收录的有关人工生物材料在关节软骨损伤修复中应用的研究,英文检索词为“collagen,gelatin,silk,chitosan,alginate,PEG,PCL,PLA,cartilage tissue engineering,cartilage tissue engineering materials”,中文检索词为“胶原,明胶,丝素蛋白,壳聚糖,海藻酸,聚乙二醇,聚已内酯,聚乳酸,软骨组织工程,软骨组织工程材料”。根据纳入与排除标准对所有文章进行初筛后,保留质量和相关性较高的98篇文献进行综述。

结果与结论:天然材料包括胶原、明胶、丝素蛋白、壳聚糖、海藻酸等,具有良好的生物相容性、降解性;合成材料包括聚乙二醇、聚已内酯、聚乳酸等,具有良好的机械性能。材料的改性与复合能够弥补材料本身的缺陷,表现出更优秀的软骨修复能力。基于分层结构合成的多层支架在研究中相对少见,且该支架更多针对骨软骨损伤修复而非单纯的软骨损伤修复。目前支架研究集中在合成研发阶段,相应的临床试验较少,未来需要注重临床应用转化。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3781-2742(张本妥)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 蛋白质, 多糖, 合成材料, 软骨组织工程, 软骨组织工程材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The repair of articular cartilage injury remains a difficult problem to be solved urgently in clinical practice. Utilizing synthetic or biological materials to promote cartilage regeneration has been a research hotspot. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of synthetic and biological materials in articular cartilage repair.
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for articles about the progress of synthetic and biological materials utilized in articular cartilage repair. “Collagen, gelatin, silk, chitosan, alginate, PEG, PCL, PLA, cartilage tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering materials” were used as English and Chinese search terms, respectively. After preliminary screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 98 articles with high quality and relevance were retained for review.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Natural materials, including collagen, gelatin, silk, chitosan, and alginate, have good biocompatibility and degradability. Synthetic materials, containing polyethylene glycol, polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid, have good mechanical properties. Modification and composition of materials can overcome the inherent defects in materials and show better cartilage repair ability. Studies about multi-layer scaffolds based on hierarchical structure are rare, and it is more targeted at osteochondral injury repair rather than simple cartilage injury repair. At present, scaffold research is focused on the synthetic research and development stage, and the corresponding clinical trials are few, so it is necessary to pay attention to clinical transformation in the future.

Key words: protein, polysaccharide, synthetic material, cartilage tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering material

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