中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (33): 5342-5347.doi: 10.12307/2023.723

• 干细胞基础实验 basic experiments of stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

雷公藤甲素调节小胶质细胞极化反应保护损伤的神经元

张慧宇1,于婧文2,白振军1,李  亮1,穆秉桃2,张金锋1,解佳伟1   

  1. 1山西大同大学中医药健康服务学院,山西省大同市   037009;2山西大同大学医学院,山西省大同市   037009
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-24 接受日期:2022-11-21 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 张慧宇,副教授,山西大同大学中医药健康服务学院,山西省大同市 037009
  • 作者简介:张慧宇,男,1979年生,山西省大同市人,汉族,2012年天津中医药大学毕业,硕士,副教授,主要从事中医药防治神经变性疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302123478),项目负责人:张慧宇;山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302123337),项目负责人:于婧文

Triptolide protects damaged neurons by regulating microglial polarization

Zhang Huiyu1, Yu Jingwen2, Bai Zhenjun1, Li Liang1, Mu Bingtao2, Zhang Jinfeng1, Xie Jiawei1   

  1. 1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi Province, China; 2Medical College, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2022-10-24 Accepted:2022-11-21 Online:2023-11-28 Published:2023-03-30
  • Contact: Zhang Huiyu, Master, Associate professor, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Huiyu, Master, Associate professor, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province, No. 20210302123478 (to ZHY); Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province, No. 20210302123337 (to YJW)

摘要:


文题释义:

雷公藤甲素:是中草药雷公藤中的一种环氧二萜内酯化合物,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、免疫抑制、抗老年性痴呆等作用。多项研究表明,雷公藤甲素可以通过抑制神经炎症、抑制氧化应激和抑制细胞凋亡等机制缓解神经退行性疾病,具有神经保护作用。
小胶质细胞极化:小胶质细胞对不同微环境进行反应并激活,可以极化为M1促炎表型或M2抗炎表型。M1型小胶质细胞释放促炎性细胞因子、趋化因子、氧自由基和一氧化氮等神经毒性物质,促进神经元损伤;M2型小胶质细胞释放抗炎性细胞因子、神经营养因子,抑制神经元损伤。
SH-SY5Y细胞:是于1970年建自骨瘤转移灶的神经母细胞瘤SK-N-SH细胞系经3次克隆后的亚系,显示中等水平的多巴胺-β-羟基酶活性,是脑科学研究中最常用的细胞系之一。

背景:将小胶质细胞从M1表型转变为M2表型被认为是治疗神经退行性疾病的一种有希望的策略。多项研究表明,雷公藤甲素可以抑制神经炎症,改善多种神经退行性疾病,但是其机制尚不明确。
目的:探讨雷公藤甲素对脂多糖激活小胶质细胞诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的保护作用及其机制。
方法:CCK8法检测BV2细胞活性筛选最佳的雷公藤甲素使用浓度;然后将BV2细胞分为3组:对照组,模型组(1 μg/mL脂多糖),雷公藤甲素组(1 nmol/L 雷公藤甲素+1 μg/mL脂多糖),收集上清液,采用Griess法检测一氧化氮水平,ELISA法检测促炎因子白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β和抗炎因子白细胞介素10水平;免疫荧光染色和Western blot法检测BV2细胞诱导型一氧化氮合酶和精氨酸酶1的表达。收集3组小胶质细胞条件培养液并分别作用于SH-SY5Y细胞:分为对照条件培养液组、模型条件培养液组和雷公藤甲素条件培养液组,TUNEL染色法检测SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡率,免疫荧光染色和Western blot法检测caspase3、Bax和Bcl-2的表达。

结果与结论:①与对照组比较,模型组BV2细胞上清液中一氧化氮、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素1β的释放量明显增加,白细胞介素10的释放量明显减少,诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白的表达增加,精氨酸酶1蛋白的表达减少;与模型组比较,雷公藤甲素组BV2细胞上清液中一氧化氮、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素1β水平降低,白细胞介素10水平增加,诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白的表达下降,精氨酸酶1蛋白的表达增加;②与对照条件培养液组比较,模型条件培养液组SH-SY5Y细胞的凋亡率增加,caspase3、Bax表达增加,Bcl-2表达减少;与模型条件培养液组比较,雷公藤甲素条件培养液组SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡率下降,caspase3、Bax表达减少,Bcl-2表达增加;③结果说明,雷公藤甲素可以减轻脂多糖激活小胶质细胞诱导的神经毒性,其机制可能与促进小胶质细胞向M2型极化有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1017-8876 (张慧宇) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 雷公藤甲素, 脂多糖, 小胶质细胞, 炎症因子, 极化, 神经元, 凋亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Transforming microglia from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype is considered to be a promising strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Many studies have shown that triptolide can inhibit neuroinflammation and alleviate a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, but its mechanism is still unclear.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of triptolide on SH-SY5Y cell injury induced by lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia and its mechanism.
METHODS: CCK8 assay was used to detect the viability of BV2 cells and screen the best concentration of triptolide. The BV2 cells were divided into three groups: control group, model group (1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide), and triptolide group (1 nmol/L triptolide + 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide). The supernatant was collected and the content of nitric oxide was detected by Griess assay. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β and anti-inflammatory factor interleukin 10 were measured by ELISA. The expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and arginase 1 in BV2 cells were determined by immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay. Three groups of microglia-conditioned medium were collected and treated on SH-SY5Y cells respectively: control-microglia-conditioned medium group, model-microglia-conditioned medium group and triptolide-microglia-conditioned medium group. TUNEL staining was utilized to detect the cell apoptosis rate in SH-SY5Y cells. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay were used to examine the expression of caspase 3, Bax and Bcl-2.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the control group, the levels of nitric oxide, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β were significantly increased, and the level of interleukin-10 was significantly decreased, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase protein increased, the expression of arginase 1 protein decreased in the supernatant of BV2 cells in the model group. Compared with the model group, the levels of nitric oxide, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β were significantly decreased, and the level of interleukin-10 was significantly increased, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase protein was decreased; the expression of arginase 1 protein was increased in the supernatant of BV2 cells in the triptolide group. (2) Compared with the control-microglia-conditioned medium group, the apoptosis rate increased, the expression of caspase 3 and Bax increased, and the expression of Bcl-2 decreased in SH-SY5Y cells of the model-microglia-conditioned medium group. Compared with the model-microglia-conditioned medium group, the cell apoptosis rate decreased, the expression of caspase 3 and Bax decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 increased in the triptolide-microglia-conditioned medium group. (3) The results indicate that triptolide can reduce the neurotoxicity induced by lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia, and its mechanism may be related to promoting the polarization of microglia to M2 type.

Key words: triptolide, lipopolysaccharide, microglia, inflammatory factor, polarization, neuron, apoptosis

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