中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 528-534.doi: 10.12307/2024.216

• 组织构建细胞学实验 cytology experiments in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

牛磺熊去氧胆酸干预缺糖缺氧条件下脊髓神经元的凋亡

陈泽鹏1,2,侯永辉2,3,陈树东3,侯  宇3,林定坤3   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东省广州市  510405;2广州中医药大学岭南医学研究中心,广东省广州市  510405;3广东省中医院骨一科,广东省广州市  510120
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-17 接受日期:2023-02-24 出版日期:2024-02-08 发布日期:2023-07-13
  • 通讯作者: 林定坤,主任医师,广东省中医院骨一科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 作者简介:陈泽鹏,男,1990年生,广东省汕头市人,汉族,博士,主治医师,主要从事脊髓损伤修复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82074451),项目负责人:林定坤;广东省自然科学基金项目(2019A1515010323),项目负责人:林定坤;广州市科技计划项目(2023A03J0239),项目负责人:侯永辉;广州市科技计划项目(202102020542),项目负责人:陈树东

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid treats spinal cord injury by reducing apoptosis of spinal cord neurons under glucose and oxygen deprivation

Chen Zepeng1, 2, Hou Yonghui2, 3, Chen Shudong3, Hou Yu3, Lin Dingkun3   

  1. 1The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2023-01-17 Accepted:2023-02-24 Online:2024-02-08 Published:2023-07-13
  • Contact: Lin Dingkun, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Chen Zepeng, MD, Attending physician, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82074451(to LDK); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 2019A1515010323 (to LDK); Guangzhou Science and Technology Projects, Nos. 2023A03J0239 (to HYH) and 202102020542 (to CSD)

摘要:


文题释义:

牛磺熊去氧胆酸:是一种亲水性胆汁酸,是牛磺酸与熊去氧胆酸结合的氨基酸,已被FDA批准用于治疗肝脏疾病,如胆汁淤积、肝硬化和肝炎。牛磺熊去氧胆酸可穿透血脑屏障而无任何神经和细胞毒性,在帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等神经系统疾病模型中显示出减少细胞凋亡、减轻炎症和保护线粒体功能的作用。
脊髓损伤:脊髓或椎管末端神经(马尾神经)的任何部位受伤,导致损伤平面以下的力量、感觉和其他身体功能发生的暂时性或永久性变化,包括运动和感觉丧失或改变、温度觉和触觉改变、肠道或膀胱失控、异常反射活动或痉挛及性功能、性敏感性和生育能力的变化、脊髓神经纤维受损引起的疼痛或强烈的刺痛感、呼吸困难等。


背景:牛磺熊去氧胆酸是一种亲水性胆汁酸衍生物,在多种神经系统疾病模型中均有神经保护作用,但目前鲜有报道研究牛磺熊去氧胆酸对脊髓损伤的作用。

目的:观察缺糖缺氧条件下牛磺熊去氧胆酸对脊髓神经元凋亡的作用,以及对脊髓损伤后小鼠运动功能恢复的影响。
方法:①体外实验:从孕13.5 d的C57 BL/6小鼠胚胎中分离提取原代脊髓神经元,培养72 h后,分3组处理:正常组加入Neurobasal完全培养基,置于CO2培养箱(体积分数5%CO2+95%空气)内培养24 h;氧糖剥夺组加入无糖的Neurobasal培养基,置于三气培养箱(体积分数94%N2+5%CO2+1%O2)培养12 h,更换为Neurobasal完全培养基后置于CO2培养箱内培养12 h;实验组处理过程大致同氧糖剥夺组,其中在加入无糖Neurobasal培养基的同时加入牛磺熊去氧胆酸。采用TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡,CCK-8法检测细胞活性,免疫荧光染色检测细胞βⅢ微管蛋白表达。②动物实验:采用随机数字表法将60只C57 BL/6小鼠分为假手术组、脊髓损伤组与实验组,每组20只,脊髓损伤组与实验组采用Allen打击法建立T9-T10脊髓损伤模型,造模后第1天开始,实验组灌胃给予牛磺熊去氧胆酸溶液,假手术组与脊髓损伤组灌胃给予生理盐水,1次/d。连续给药14 d后,采用行为学和组织学方法评估脊髓组织修复情况。
结果与结论:①体外实验:TUNEL染色、CCK-8与免疫荧光染色检测显示,氧糖剥夺组细胞凋亡数量高于正常组(P < 0.01),细胞活性与βⅢ微管蛋白表达低于正常组(P < 0.01);实验组细胞凋亡数量低于氧糖剥夺组(P < 0.01),细胞活性与βⅢ微管蛋白表达高于氧糖剥夺组(P < 0.01)。②动物实验:旷场实验BBB评分与后肢足迹实验显示,实验组小鼠行走与运动功能恢复程度好于脊髓损伤组。苏木精-伊红染色显示,脊髓损伤组小鼠脊髓损伤部位可见明显畸形和空洞,神经细胞数量明显减少;与脊髓损伤组比较,实验组脊髓损伤病变面积显著减小,脊髓畸形程度更小、空洞更少,神经细胞数量增加。免疫荧光染色显示,脊髓损伤组神经元胞核标记神经元细胞数量少于假手术组

(P < 0.01),实验组神经元胞核标记神经元细胞数量高于脊髓损伤组(P < 0.01)。③结果表明:牛磺熊去氧胆酸能减少缺糖缺氧引起的脊髓神经元凋亡、轴突的丢失,促进脊髓损伤小鼠运动功能的恢复。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0253-4746(陈泽鹏)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 牛磺熊去氧胆酸, 脊髓损伤, 缺糖缺氧, 脊髓神经元, 行为学, 细胞凋亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tauroursodeoxycholic acid is a hydrophilic bile acid derivative that has neuroprotective effects in a variety of neurological disease models. However, there are few reports on the effects of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on apoptosis of spinal cord neurons under hypoglycemic and hypoxic conditions, as well as the effect on recovery of motor function in mice after spinal cord injury.
METHODS: (1) In vitro experiment: Primary spinal cord neurons were isolated from C57 BL/6 mouse embryos at 13.5 days of gestation. After 72 hours of culture, the cells were divided into three groups. In the normal group, cells were cultured in Neurobasal complete medium that was incubated in a CO2 incubator (5% CO2 + 95% air) for 24 hours. In the oxyglucose-deprived group, sugar-free Neurobasal medium was added and incubated in a triple-gas incubator (94% N2+5% CO2+1% O2) for 12 hours, and then the medium was replaced with Neurobasal complete medium and incubated in a CO2 incubator for 12 hours. In the experimental group, the treatment procedure was approximately the same as that in the oxyglucose-deprived group, except that taurodeoxycholic acid was added along with the sugar-free Neurobasal medium. TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis, cell counting kit-8 assay was applied to detect cell activity, and immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect cellular β-microtubule protein expression. (2) Animal experiment: Sixty C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group, spinal cord injury group and experimental group, with 20 mice in each group. Animal models of T9-T10 spinal cord injury were established using Allen’s percussion method in the spinal cord injury group and the experimental group. Starting from the 1st day after modeling, taurodeoxycholic acid solution was given by gavage in the experimental group and normal saline was given by gavage in the sham-operated and spinal cord injury groups once a day for 14 consecutive days. Spinal cord tissue repair was assessed using behavioral and histological methods.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In vitro experiment: TUNEL staining, cell counting kit-8 and immunofluorescence staining showed that compared with the normal group, the number of apoptotic cells was higher (P < 0.01), while cell activity and β-microtubule protein expression were lower in the oxyglucose-deprived group (P < 0.01); compared with the oxyglucose-deprived group, the number of apoptotic cells was lower (P < 0.01), while cell activity and β-microtubule protein expression were higher in the experimental group (P < 0.01). Animal experiment: The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores in the open field test and hind limb footprint experiments showed that the mice in the experimental group had better recovery of walking and motor functions than those in the spinal cord injury group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that significant deformities and cavities were observed at the site of spinal cord injury and the number of nerve cells was significantly reduced in the spinal cord injury group. Compared with the spinal cord injury group, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in the area of spinal cord injury, less spinal cord deformity, fewer cavities, and an increase in the number of nerve cells. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of neuronal nucleus-labeled neuronal cells in the spinal cord injury group was less than that in the sham-operated group (P < 0.01), and the number of neuronal nucleus-labeled neuronal cells in the experimental group was higher than that in the spinal cord injury group (P < 0.01). To conclude, tauroursodeoxycholic acid could effectively reduce glucose/oxygen deprivation-induced apoptosis of spinal cord neurons and axonal loss, and promote the recovery of motor function in mice with spinal cord injury.

Key words: tauroursodeoxycholic acid, spinal cord injury, glucose/oxygen deprivation, spinal cord neuron, behavioristics, cell apoptosis

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