中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3922-3929.doi: 10.12307/2024.087

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳发生率及相关因素的Meta分析

徐铖菡1,2,禚汉杰2,柴旭斌2,黄  勇2,张博文2,陈  勤1,2,郝宇鹏2,栗  林2,周英杰2   

  1. 1湖南中医药大学,湖南省长沙市  410208;2河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)脊柱外二科,河南省洛阳市  471002
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-12 接受日期:2023-07-08 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 周英杰,硕士,教授,主任医师,科主任,河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)脊柱外二科,河南省洛阳市 471002
  • 作者简介:徐铖菡,女,1997年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,2020年广西中医药大学毕业,湖南中医药大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事中医药防治脊柱相关疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中医药传承与创新人才工程(仲景工程),项目负责人:周英杰

Meta-analysis of the incidence and related factors for cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Xu Chenghan1, 2, Zhuo Hanjie2, Chai Xubin2, Huang Yong2, Zhang Bowen2, Chen Qin1, 2, Hao Yupeng2, Li Lin2, Zhou Yingjie2   

  1. 1Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; 2Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-12 Accepted:2023-07-08 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-22
  • Contact: Zhou Yingjie, Master, Professor, Chief physician, Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Xu Chenghan, Master candidate, Physician, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovative Talent Project (Zhongjing Project) (to ZYJ)

摘要:


文题释义:

类风湿关节炎:是一种病因未明的慢性、以炎性滑膜炎为主的系统性疾病。其特征是手、足小关节的多关节、对称性、侵袭性关节炎症,经常伴有关节外器官受累及血清类风湿因子阳性,可以导致关节畸形及功能丧失。
颈椎失稳症:又称颈椎不稳症,指由于颈骨本身、椎旁韧带和(或)肌肉等组织的生理功能失调引起椎节的松动与移位,并伴有相应症状者。类风湿关节炎患者3种典型的失稳形式为寰枢椎半脱位、垂直半脱位以及轴下半脱位。


目的:目前关于类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳危险因素的报道较多,但存在样本量较少、混杂因素较多等问题,各项研究对同一相关因素的研究结果也存在一定差异。文章通过系统评价的方法分析类风湿关节炎患者发生颈椎失稳的相关因素。

方法:通过检索中英文数据库,收集各数据库建库至2023年3月与类风湿关节炎患者发生颈椎失稳有关的文献,以患者结局是否发生颈椎失稳为分组标准,提取纳入研究的基本信息及患者基本特征、实验室相关检查结果及用药情况等相关危险因素,使用Stata 14.0软件对结果指标进行Meta分析。
结果:①共纳入16项观察性研究,7项研究为病例对照研究,9项研究为横断面研究,文献质量均为中等及以上,类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳总体发生率为43.08%。②Meta分析结果显示:相关危险因素包括女性(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.44-0.82,P=0.002)、发病年龄(SMD=-0.52,95%CI:-0.86至-0.18,P=0.003)、病程(SMD=0.58,95%CI:0.14-1.02,P=0.01)、体质量指数(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.63-0.88,P=0.001)、类风湿因子阳性单因素分析亚组(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.02-1.72,P=0.04)、C-反应蛋白(SMD=0.26,95%CI:0.16-0.35,P=0.00)、红细胞沉降率(SMD=0.15,95%CI:0.002-0.29,P=0.047)、抗环瓜氨酸多肽抗体(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.19-2.51,P=0.004)、28个关节疾病活动度评分(SMD=0.20,95%CI:0.04-0.37,P=0.02)、外周关节破坏(OR=2.48,95%CI:1.60-3.85,P=0.00)及皮质类固醇(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.54-2.37,P=0.00)与类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳的发生密切相关,女性与皮质类固醇的使用为类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳发生的独立相关因素。

结论:基于16项观察性研究的临床证据提示,类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳的总体发生率为43.08%,但各研究间类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳发生率差异较大,其中性别(女性)及使用皮质类固醇治疗被证实为类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳发病的独立相关因素,该研究结果对临床早期识别、诊断和预防类风湿关节炎患者颈椎失稳提供了一定的参考依据。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4188-7785 (徐铖菡) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 类风湿关节炎, 颈椎失稳, 寰枢椎脱位, 相关因素, Meta分析, 类风湿因子, 抗环瓜氨酸多肽抗体, 疾病活动度, 皮质类固醇

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: At present, there are many reports on the related factors associated with the incidence of cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but there are problems such as small sample size and many confounding factors, and the research results of various studies on the same related factors are also different. This article analyzed the factors related to cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by means of a systematic review. 
METHODS: Articles related to cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were collected by searching both Chinese and English databases until March 2023. The outcome of cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis was used as the grouping criterion to abstract basic information, baseline patient characteristics, laboratory-related tests, medication use, and other relevant risk factors. Meta-analysis was done using Stata 14.0 software. 
RESULTS: (1) Sixteen relevant studies, all of moderate or above quality, were included, including seven studies with case-control studies and nine with cross-sectional studies. The overall incidence of cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis was 43.08%. (2) Meta-analysis showed: Related risk factors included female (OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.44-0.82, P=0.002); age at disease onset (SMD=-0.52, 95%CI: -0.86 to -0.18, P=0.003); duration of disease (SMD=0.58, 95%CI: 0.14-1.02, P=0.01); body mass index (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.88, P=0.001); rheumatoid factors positive univariate analysis subgroup (OR=1.33, 95%CI:1.02 to 1.72, P=0.04), C-reactive protein (SMD=0.26, 95%CI: 0.16-0.35, P=0.00), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (SMD=0.15, 95%CI: 0.002-0.29, P=0.047), anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide antibodies (OR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.19-2.51, P=0.004), 28-joint Disease Activity Score (SMD=0.20, 95%CI: 0.04-0.37, P=0.02), destruction of peripheral joints (OR=2.48, 95%CI: 1.60-3.85, P=0.00), and corticosteroids (OR=1.91, 95%CI: 1.54-2.37, P=0.00) were strongly associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis-cervical spine instability. Female and corticosteroid use were independently associated with the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis-cervical spine instability. 
CONCLUSION: Based on clinical evidence from 16 observational studies, the overall incidence of rheumatoid arthritis-cervical spine instability was 43.08%. However, the incidence of cervical spine instability in rheumatoid arthritis patients varied greatly among different studies. Gender (female) and the use of corticosteroids were confirmed as independent correlation factors for the onset of cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The results of this study still provide some guidance for early clinical recognition, diagnosis, and prevention of rheumatoid arthritis-cervical spine instability.

Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, cervical spine instability, atlantoaxial subluxation, related factors, meta-analysis, rheumatoid factors, anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide antibodies, disease motion range, corticosteroid

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