中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (18): 2939-2946.doi: 10.12307/2024.049

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

不同年龄膝骨关节炎患者坐起生物力学特征的系统综述和Meta分析

王  珂,张泽毅,张力文,张美珍   

  1. 太原理工大学体育学院,山西省太原市   030024
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-27 接受日期:2023-04-28 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2023-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 张美珍,博士,教授,太原理工大学体育学院,山西省太原市 030024
  • 作者简介:王珂,1997年生,男,贵州省遵义市人,汉族,太原理工大学体育学院在读硕士,主要研究方向为运动生物力学。
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划自由探索类项目(202103021224109),负责人:张美珍;首批新文科研究与改革实践项目(2021050026),负责人:张美珍;太原理工大学学科建设经费,负责人:史冬博

Biomechanics characteristics during sitting up in knee osteoarthritis patients of different ages: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang Ke, Zhang Zeyi, Zhang Liwen, Zhang Meizhen   

  1. College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-03-27 Accepted:2023-04-28 Online:2024-06-28 Published:2023-08-26
  • Contact: Zhang Meizhen, PhD, Professor, College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Wang Ke, Master candidate, College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shanxi Provincial Basic Research Program (Free Exploration Project) No. 202103021224109 (to ZMZ); The First Batch of New Liberal Arts Research and Reform Practice Project, No. 2021050026 (to ZMZ); Discipline Construction Funds of Taiyuan University of Technology (to SDB)

摘要:


文题释义:

膝骨关节炎:是由于软骨细胞发生炎症的退行性膝关节疾病,可使患者出现关节肿胀及疼痛等症状,限制患者日常活动,若治疗不及时,导致腿部肌肉无力,影响下肢功能甚至残疾。
坐起运动:是最常见的功能活动之一,是人体由三支撑(坐姿)到双支撑(站姿)的复杂过程,作为站立行走转换的前提,坐起运动需要肌肉和关节的协调配合,以维持身体重心平稳。


目的:不同年龄的膝骨关节炎患者采取何种坐起策略尚未达成共识。为此,文章通过Meta分析系统评估不同年龄的膝骨关节炎患者与健康人坐起的生物力学特征,分析不同年龄患者的坐起运动模式,为改善患者坐起功能提供参考。

方法:截至2023年3月,在PubMed、Web of Science和中国知网等数据库进行文献检索,纳入膝骨关节炎患者和健康人群坐起的生物力学特征的观察性研究,要求研究对象为膝关节影像学Kellgren-Lawrence严重程度分级≥Ⅰ级的50岁以上的膝骨关节炎患者,且定期出现膝关节疼痛,并根据纳入排除标准对受试者进行年龄(50-60岁 vs. 60岁以上)及严重程度(轻中度患者 vs. 重度患者)亚组分析。运用Down and black改良量表进行文献质量评价,采用Stata 16.0软件进行亚组分析确定不同年龄与严重程度的膝骨关节炎患者坐起的生物力学特征。
结果:共14项随机对照试验(824例受试者)纳入Meta分析,所有纳入文献质量平均得分为76.2分,评分范围为66.7-86.7分,均达到中、高质量,具有一定代表性。Meta分析结果发现:①相比健康人,膝骨关节炎患者坐起总时长(SMD=0.92,95%CI:0.76-1.09,P < 0.001)、伸展阶段时长(SMD=0.46,95%CI:0.18-0.74,P=0.001)更久;相比膝骨关节炎轻中度患者,重度患者总时长增加更明显(P < 0.001),且60岁以上患者比50-60岁患者伸展阶段时长增加更明显(P=0.001)。②相比健康人,膝骨关节炎患者坐起躯干屈曲活动度(SMD=0.64,95%CI:0.37-0.91,P < 0.001)更大;膝关节屈曲活动度(SMD=-0.47,95%CI:-0.70至-0.24,P < 0.001)和踝关节背屈活动度(SMD=-0.32,95%CI:-0.56至-0.08,P=0.01)更小,且60岁以上患者的膝关节屈曲活动度比50-60岁患者下降更明显(P < 0.001)。③膝骨关节炎患者髋关节屈曲力矩峰值(SMD=-0.57,95%CI:-0.83至-0.31,P < 0.001)、膝关节伸展力矩峰值(SMD=-0.83,95%CI:-1.08至-0.59,P < 0.001)更小。

结论:①60岁以上膝骨关节炎患者比50-60岁患者坐起缓冲和伸展阶段的时长更久,且严重程度等级高的患者坐起总时长增加更明显,高龄与膝骨关节炎严重患者坐起时长增加,可能会使软骨承受负荷的持续时间增加,进一步加剧膝关节疼痛症状,增加该人群坐起难度。②膝骨关节炎患者表现出膝、踝关节屈曲活动度受限,且60岁以上患者膝关节活动度更为受限。③膝骨关节炎患者的髋关节屈曲、膝关节伸展力矩峰值减小,这可能是缓解疼痛的补偿策略。

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2037-2009 (王珂);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9065-0928 (张美珍) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝骨关节炎, 膝关节软组织退化, 年龄, 严重程度, 坐起运动, 运动学, 动力学, 膝关节伸展力矩峰值, 膝关节内收力矩峰值, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: There is no consensus on which sit-up strategy to adopt in knee osteoarthritis patients of different ages. Therefore, this study evaluated the biomechanical characteristics of sit-ups in knee osteoarthritis patients of different ages compared with healthy individuals by meta-analysis system and analyzed the sit-up movement patterns of patients of different ages to provide a reference for improving the sit-up function of patients.
METHODS: By March 2023, observational studies of biomechanical characteristics of sitting up in patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy population were retrieved on PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI. Subjects were required to be patients over 50 years of age with knee osteoarthritis who had Kellgren-Lawrence severity grading ≥I on knee imaging and who had regular knee pain. Subjects were analyzed by age (50-60 years vs. over 60 years) and severity (mild to moderate patients vs. severe patients) subgroups according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was performed using the modified Down and black scale. Stata 16.0 software was used to perform subgroup analysis to determine the biomechanical characteristics of sitting up in patients with knee osteoarthritis of different ages and severities.
RESULTS: A total of 14 randomized controlled trials (824 subjects) were included in the meta-analysis. The mean quality score of all included literature was 76.2, with a range of 66.7 to 86.7, all of which were of medium to high quality and representative. The included studies were of moderate to high quality and representative. Meta-analysis results found that (1) compared to healthy individuals, patients with knee osteoarthritis had longer total sitting up time (SMD=0.92, 95%CI:0.76-1.09), P < 0.001) and longer extension phase time (SMD=0.46, 95%CI:0.18-0.74, P=0.001). Compared to mild to moderate patients, the total duration increased more significantly in severe patients (P < 0.001) and the duration of the extension phase increased more significantly in patients over 60 years of age than in patients 50-60 years of age (P=0.001). (2) Compared to healthy individuals, patients with knee osteoarthritis had greater sitting-up trunk flexion motion range (SMD=0.64, 95%CI:0.37-0.91, P < 0.001); knee flexion motion range (SMD=-0.47, 95%CI: -0.70 to -0.24, P < 0.001) and ankle dorsiflexion motion range (SMD=-0.32, 95%CI:-0.56 to -0.08, P=0.01) were smaller. And knee flexion motion range decreased more significantly in patients over 60 years of age than in patients 50-60 years of age (P < 0.001). (3) The peak hip flexion moment (SMD=-0.57, 95%CI:-0.83 to -0.31, P < 0.001) and peak knee extension moment (SMD=-0.83, 95%CI:-1.08 to -0.59, P < 0.001) were smaller in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
CONCLUSION: (1) Patients with knee osteoarthritis over the age of 60 years have a longer sit-up cushion and extension phase than patients aged 50 to 60 years. The increase in total sit-up duration was also more pronounced in patients with higher severity grades. The increased length of sitting up in patients with advanced age and knee osteoarthritis severity may increase the duration of cartilage loading, exacerbate knee pain symptoms, and increase the difficulty of sitting up in this population. (2) Patients with knee osteoarthritis exhibit limited knee and ankle flexion motion range. Knee mobility is more limited in patients over 60 years of age. (3) Patients with knee osteoarthritis have reduced peak hip flexion and knee extension moments, which may be a compensatory strategy for pain relief.

Key words: knee osteoarthritis, degeneration of knee soft tissue, age, severity, sit to stand, kinematics, kinetics, peak knee extension moment, peak knee inversion moment, meta-analysis

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