中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 1365-1371.doi: 10.12307/2024.036

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

肌力训练与神经肌肉电刺激干预髌股关节痛患者下肢功能和生物力学的变化

吴  菁1,姚英策1,杨晓巍1,薛博士1,赵建斌1,杨  辰2,栾天峰3,周志鹏3   

  1. 山东体育学院,1研究生教育学院,3运动与健康学院,山东省济南市   250102;2南京体育学院运动健康学院,江苏省南京市   210014
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-15 接受日期:2023-04-07 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2023-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 周志鹏,博士,教授,山东体育学院运动与健康学院,山东省济南市 250102
  • 作者简介:吴菁,女,1999年生,山东省泰安市人,汉族,山东体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动损伤生物力学与运动康复方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2022年山东省大学生创新训练项目(1341),项目负责人:周志鹏;山东省社会科学规划研究项目(20CTYJ17),项目负责人:栾天峰

Intervention of muscle strength training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on lower limb function and biomechanical changes in patients with patellofemoral pain

Wu Jing1, Yao Yingce1, Yang Xiaowei1, Xue Boshi1, Zhao Jianbin1, Yang Chen2, Luan Tianfeng3, Zhou Zhipeng3   

  1. 1Graduate School, 3College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China; 2School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu Province, China 
  • Received:2023-02-15 Accepted:2023-04-07 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2023-07-25
  • Contact: Zhou Zhipeng, PhD, Professor, College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wu Jing, Master candidate, Graduate School, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    2022 Shandong University Student Innovation Training Project, No. 1341 (to ZZP); Shandong Social Science Planning and Research Project, No. 20CTYJ17 (to LTF)

摘要:


文题释义:

髌股关节痛:是一种常见的膝关节过劳性损伤,通常表现在跑、跳等屈膝动作时出现膝前、髌后或者髌周的疼痛。主要好发于运动员和体力活动较多的青年人群。髌股关节痛可导致患者膝关节肿胀、僵硬、本体感觉异常、下肢髋膝周肌力不足、大腿外侧肌紧张等症状,长此以往还会引起膝骨关节炎风险增加。
肌力训练:以提高肌肉收缩力量的运动训练,可广泛应用于改善关节功能障碍和运动控制能力,提高关节稳定性,降低关节内应力达到减轻患者疼痛的一种治疗方式。
神经肌肉电刺激:应用低频脉冲电流刺激损伤的神经与肌肉,使之产生被动收缩,促进肌肉的运动功能及神经再生,以达到治疗目的的方法。


背景:下肢髋膝周肌力训练与神经肌肉电刺激通常是针对髌股关节痛较为安全有效的康复治疗手段,但其所起的干预作用机制目前仍不清楚。

目的:明确肌力训练与神经肌肉电刺激对髌股关节痛患者疼痛、下肢功能和生物力学特征的影响。
方法:招募37例髌股关节痛患者,随机分为2组,肌力训练结合电刺激组(试验组)19例,单纯肌力训练组(对照组)18例,进行为期6周、每周3次的干预训练。干预后采用目测类比评分法和膝前痛量表评估患者膝关节疼痛等级和功能水平,应用红外运动捕捉系统与三维测力台同步采集跑步测试时膝关节运动学和动力学数据,以重复测量的双因素方差分析(组别*时间)进行数据分析。

结果与结论:①试验组和对照组在干预后较干预前目测类比评分均显著减小(P < 0.001),膝前痛量表评分均显著提高(P试验组 < 0.001,P对照组=0.001);且试验组膝前痛量表评分在干预后高于对照组(P=0.001);②试验组和对照组在干预后跑步测试中的膝最大屈曲角度(P=0.011)、膝关节伸展力矩峰值(P < 0.001)、内旋力矩峰值(P=0.008)、髌股关节应力峰值(P < 0.001)、髌股关节反作用力峰值(P < 0.001)等指标均较干预前显著降低;③结果说明,单纯肌力训练和肌力训练结合电刺激干预均有助于改善髌股关节痛患者的主观痛感和下肢功能水平,并有助于改善跑步时的运动模式及降低髌股关节应力;与单纯肌力训练相比,肌力训练结合电刺激干预改善患者下肢功能的效果更为显著。

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9938-2672 (吴菁);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-5050 (周志鹏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝前痛, 髌股关节, 电刺激, 运动疗法, 动作模式, 运动学, 动力学, 康复

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lower limb peri-knee muscle strength training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation are generally safe and effective rehabilitation methods for patellofemoral joint pain, but the mechanism of their intervention is still unclear. 
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of muscle strength training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on pain, lower extremity function and biomechanical characteristics in patients with patellofemoral pain. 
METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with patellofemoral pain were randomly divided into muscle strength training combined with electrical stimulation group (trial group, n=19) and muscle strength training group (control group, n=18). Both groups underwent intervention training for 6 weeks, three times a week. The visual analog scale and anterior knee pain scale were used to evaluate the pain level and functional level of the knee. Kinematic and kinetics data during running were collected by using an infrared motion capture system and a three-dimensional force platform simultaneously. A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures (group*time) was applied to analyze the data.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After the intervention, the visual analog scale scores of the trial group and the control group were significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and the anterior knee pain scale scores were significantly increased (Ptrial group < 0.001, Pcontrol group=0.001) in the trial group and control group. The anterior knee pain scale scores of the trial group were significantly higher compared to the control group after the intervention (P=0.001). (2) The peak knee flexion angle (P=0.011), peak knee extension moment (P < 0.001), the peak knee internal rotation moment (P=0.008), the peak patellofemoral stress (P < 0.001) and the peak patellofemoral contact force (P < 0.001) were significantly decreased in the trial and control groups during running after the intervention compared with those before the intervention. (3) In conclusion, both muscle strength training and muscle strength training combined with electrical stimulation training are helpful to improve the subjective pain and lower limb function of patellofemoral pain patients, enhance the movement pattern during running and reduce the stress of the patellofemoral joint. Compared with muscle strength training alone, muscle strength training combined with electrical stimulation can improve lower limb function more significantly. 

Key words: anterior knee pain, patellofemoral joint, electrical stimulation, exercise therapy, movement pattern, kinematics, kinetics, rehabilitation

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