中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 813-820.doi: 10.12307/2023.980

• 生物材料循证医学 evidence-based medicine of biomaterials • 上一篇    

骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎退行性疾病的Meta分析

余照宇1,谭黎鑫2,孙  凯3,鲁  尧1,李  勇1   

  1. 1广东省中医院珠海医院骨三科,广东省珠海市  519000;2广州中医药大学第二临床医学院,广东省广州市  510080;3湖北省鄂州市中医医院骨科,湖北省鄂州市  436000
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-26 接受日期:2023-01-31 出版日期:2024-02-18 发布日期:2023-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 李勇,主任医师,广东省中医院珠海医院骨三科,广东省珠海市 519000
  • 作者简介:余照宇,男,1987年生,湖南省岳阳市人,汉族,在读博士,主治医师,主要从事中西医结合治疗脊柱类疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    珠海市科技计划项目(2220004000345),项目负责人:余照宇

Meta-analysis of cement-augmented pedicle screw for thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis

Yu Zhaoyu1, Tan Lixin2, Sun Kai3, Lu Yao1, Li Yong1   

  1. 1Third Department of Orthopedics, Zhuhai Branch, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Second Clinical Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Ezhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ezhou 436000, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-26 Accepted:2023-01-31 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2023-08-17
  • Contact: Li Yong, Chief physician, Third Department of Orthopedics, Zhuhai Branch, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yu Zhaoyu, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Third Department of Orthopedics, Zhuhai Branch, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project, No. 2220004000345 (to YZY)

摘要:


文题释义:

骨质疏松症:根据WHO定义,骨质疏松症是一种以骨量减低、骨微结构破坏导致骨脆性增加、易发生骨折为特征的全身性代谢性骨病。
骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉:一种将椎弓根螺钉与骨水泥相结合的技术,通过增加椎弓根螺钉抗拔除力,达到增强椎弓根螺钉在骨质疏松椎体内稳定性的目的。


目的:骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉技术近年来被广泛应用于合并骨质疏松的脊柱内固定手术中,可以显著提高固定强度,但与常规椎弓根螺钉内固定比较是否更具有优势尚缺乏循证医学定论。文章系统评价骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉固定治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎退行性疾病的临床疗效及安全性。

方法:在中国知网、中国生物医学文献、万方、维普、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science以及Embase数据库中,检索有关传统椎弓根螺钉与骨水泥强化螺钉固定治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎退行性疾病的临床对照研究,按相关标准对文献进行筛选和质量评价,采用Rev Man 5.4软件进行Meta分析。
结果:①纳入2篇随机对照研究和18篇回顾性队列研究,共20篇文献,包括1 566例患者,其中骨水泥强化螺钉组789例,传统螺钉组777例;②Meta分析结果显示,骨水泥强化螺钉组术后日本矫形外科协会评分、椎间隙高度及融合率均高于传统螺钉组(MD=1.60,95%CI:1.14,2.07,P < 0.000 01;MD=1.26,95%CI:0.62,1.90,P=0.000 1;OR=11.24,95%CI:2.86,44.14,P=0.000 5),手术时间长于传统螺钉组(SMD=0.82,95%CI:0.42,1.23,P < 0.000 1),术后目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数及螺钉松动率均低于传统螺钉组(MD=-0.50,95%CI:-0.78,-0.21,P=0.000 7;SMD=-0.49,95%CI:-0.88,-0.10,P=0.01;OR=0.08,95%CI:0.05,0.12,P < 0.000 01),两组间住院时间、术中出血量、术后引流量比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。

结论:相较于传统椎弓根螺钉固定,骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉固定治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎退行性疾病时更能有效改善术后融合率及椎间隙高度、降低术后螺钉松动率,提高远期临床疗效。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6479-2543(余照宇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 骨水泥强化, 椎弓根螺钉, 内固定, 骨质疏松, 胸腰椎退行性疾病, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cement-augmentation pedicle screws have been widely used in spinal internal fixation surgery combined with osteoporosis in recent years, which can significantly improve the fixation strength, but compared with conventional methods, whether it has more advantages is still inconclusive of evidence-based medicine. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of cement-augmented pedicle screw in the treatment of thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis.
METHODS: Clinical controlled trials concerning the cement-augmented pedicle screw and the traditional pedicle screw placement for thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis were retrieved from the electronic databases such as CNKI, CBM, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase. According to the unified criteria, we performed literature screening and quality evaluation. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
RESULTS: (1) Totally 20 articles were selected eventually, involving 2 randomized controlled studies and 18 retrospective cohort studies, totally 1 566 patients. Among them, 789 cases were in the cement-augmented screw group and 777 cases in the conventional screw group. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, intervertebral space height and fusion rate were higher in the cement-augmented screw group than those in the conventional screw group (MD=1.60, 95%CI: 1.14, 2.07, P < 0.000 01; MD=1.26, 95%CI: 0.62, 1.90, P=0.000 1; OR=11.24, 95%CI: 2.86, 44.14, P=0.000 5). Operation time was longer in the cement-augmented screw group than that in the conventional screw group (SMD=0.82, 95%CI: 0.42, 1.23, P < 0.000 1). Postoperative visual analog scale score, Oswestry dysfunction index score and incidence of screw loosening were lower in the cement-augmented screw group than those in the conventional screw group (MD=-0.50, 95%CI: -0.78, -0.21, P=0.000 7; SMD=-0.49, 95%CI: -0.88, -0.10, P=0.01; OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.12, P < 0.000 01). Hospitalization time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative drainage volume were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). 
CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional pedicle screw placement, cement-augmented pedicle screw is more effective in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar degenerative disease by improving fusion rate and interbody height, reducing the incidence of screw loosening, and elevating long-term efficacy.

Key words: cement-augmented, pedicle screw, internal fixation, osteoporosis, thoracolumbar degenerative disease, meta-analysis

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