中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 1241-1246.doi: 10.12307/2023.958

• 脊柱组织构建 spinal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者椎体成形后邻近椎体再发骨折的影响因素

童奕博1 ,李明辉1,2   

  1. 1江汉大学,湖北省武汉市  430056;2江汉大学第二附属医院,武汉市第五医院骨科,湖北省武汉市  430050
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-18 接受日期:2022-12-26 出版日期:2024-03-18 发布日期:2023-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 李明辉,博士,主任医师,江汉大学第二附属医院,武汉市第五医院骨科,湖北省武汉市 430050
  • 作者简介:童奕博,男,1995年生,湖北省十堰市人,汉族,江汉大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨外科研究。

Influencing factors of adjacent vertebral re-fracture in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty

Tong Yibo1, Li Minghui1, 2   

  1. 1Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Fifth Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430050, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2022-10-18 Accepted:2022-12-26 Online:2024-03-18 Published:2023-07-19
  • Contact: Li Minghui, MD, Chief physician, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Fifth Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430050, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Tong Yibo, Master candidate, Physician, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折:由于多种原因导致的一定单位体积内骨质的骨密度和骨质量低于正常值,骨皮质变薄及骨微结构发生微观破坏,皮质骨脆性增加为主,当遭受轻微暴力或活动即发生骨折,多发生于椎体压缩性骨折。以腰背痛、后凸畸形等一系列临床表现为主,严重威胁着人体健康,影响生活质量。
经皮椎体成形术:在C臂机透视下经皮穿刺向伤椎椎体内注入适量骨水泥达到强化椎体、增加椎体稳定性、破坏伤椎周围神经末梢的目的,从而减少微小骨对周围神末梢的刺激,有效缓解伤椎椎体的疼痛,现已成为治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的微创手术之一。
骨水泥:是一种用于骨科手术的医用材料,也称为骨黏固剂,其主要成分是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,应用于骨科椎体压缩性骨折中,起到强化椎体、增加椎体稳定性的作用,能减少患者骨折后疼痛及卧床恢复时间。


背景:对于骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,椎体成形术后邻近椎体再发骨折率较高,但其发生原因仍存在争议。

目的:探究单节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者行经皮椎体成形后邻近椎体再发骨折的影响因素。
方法:回顾性分析2016年6月至2020年6月就诊于江汉大学第二附属医院武汉市第五医院,由X射线片、MRI检查确诊为新发单节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,且行经皮椎体成形的患者210例,随访时间大于18个月。收集患者术前一般资料(年龄、性别、体质量指数、骨折节段位置、骨折天数、骨折造成原因、是否伴有糖尿病、是否伴有肾脏甲状腺功能障碍、入院疼痛目测类比评分)、术后指标(椎体前缘恢复率、骨水泥弥散程度、骨水泥有无渗漏、是否使用骨材料、骨水泥单双侧注入方式、伤椎中柱术后恢复率、伤椎术后局部Cobb角)。根据术后邻近椎体是否再发骨折将其分为2组,A组(术后邻近椎体未再发骨折组)190例,B组(术后邻近椎体再发骨折组)20例。将术后伤椎邻近椎体有无再发骨折作为因变量,术前一般资料及术后指标等分类变量作为自变量进行统计学分析。

结果与结论:①经皮椎体成形术后患者邻近椎体再发骨折与年龄、体质量指数、术后椎体前缘恢复率、骨水泥弥散程度、骨水泥渗漏情况比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);性别、骨折时间、骨折造成方式、是否伴糖尿病或肾脏疾病或甲状腺疾病、初次椎体骨折节段位置、骨水泥注入方式、伤椎局部Cobb角度、伤椎中柱恢复率、骨组织的使用与经皮椎体成形术后邻近椎体再发骨折无统计学意义(P > 0.05);②多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、椎体前缘恢复率、渗漏是经皮椎体成形术后邻近椎体再发骨折的独立危险因素;③提示年龄、术后椎体前缘恢复率、骨水泥渗漏是经皮椎体成形术后邻近椎体再发骨折的影响因素;而骨水泥弥散程度、伤椎局部Cobb角度等因素与经皮椎体成形术后邻近椎体再发骨折之间无关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-4315(童奕博)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 经皮椎体成形, 骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折, 邻近椎体, 再发骨折, 影响因素

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures have a high rate of recurrent fractures in adjacent vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty, but the cause of their occurrence is still controversial.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of adjacent vertebral re-fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with single-segment osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in 210 patients admitted to the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan City, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University from June 2016 to June 2020, who had been diagnosed with new single-segment osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by X-ray and MRI examinations, and received percutaneous vertebroplasty. The patients were followed up for more than 18 months. The general preoperative data and postoperative indicators were collected. The general preoperative data included age, sex, body mass index, fracture segment location, fracture days, fracture cause, whether accompanied by diabetes mellitus, whether accompanied by renal and thyroid dysfunction, and visual analogue scale score on admission. The postoperative indicators included recovery rate of anterior edge of the vertebral body after operation, degree of dispersion of bone cement, leakage of bone cement, use of bone material, single or bilateral injection of bone cement, recovery rate of the injured vertebral mid-column after operation, local Cobb angle of the injured vertebra after operation. According to their real conditions, the patients were divided into a group without adjacent vertebral re-fractures (n=190) and a group with adjacent vertebral re-fractures (n=20). The presence or absence of postoperative re-fracture of the adjacent vertebrae of the injured spine was used as the dependent variable and the categorical variables such as preoperative general data and postoperative indicators were used as independent variables for statistical analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After percutaneous vertebroplasty, patients with adjacent vertebral re-fractures showed significant differences in age, body mass index, postoperative vertebral body anterior edge recovery rate, degree of cement dispersion, and cement leakage from those without adjacent vertebral re-fractures (P < 0.05). However, sex, time of fracture, cause of fracture, presence of diabetes or kidney disease or thyroid disease, location of the initial vertebral fracture segment, mode of cement injection, local Cobb angle of the injured vertebra, recovery rate of the injured vertebral mid-column, and use of bone tissue were not statistically significant in relation to re-fracture of the adjacent vertebra after percutaneous vertebroplasty (P > 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, vertebral body anterior edge recovery rate and cement leakage were independent risk factors for re-fractures of the adjacent vertebra after percutaneous vertebroplasty. To conclude, age, vertebral body anterior edge recovery rate and leakage of bone cement are the influencing factors of adjacent vertebral re-fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty. However, factors such as the degree of bone cement dispersion and the local Cobb angle of the injured vertebra were not correlated with adjacent vertebral re-fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Key words: percutaneous vertebroplasty, osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, adjacent vertebral body, re-fracture, influencing factor

中图分类号: