中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 934-938.doi: 10.12307/2023.783

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗后踝夹心形骨折

郑加法,宋秀锋,李宏志,周锦明,关盛溢,于  鹤   

  1. 大连市第二人民医院骨科,辽宁省大连市   116011
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-03 接受日期:2022-12-06 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 宋秀锋 ,硕士,主任医师,大连市第二人民医院骨科,辽宁省大连市 116011
  • 作者简介:郑加法,男,1982年生,山东省莒南县人,汉族,2010年大连大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事足踝外科、脊柱微创方向的研究。

Open reduction and internal fixation via the para-Achilles tendon approach for the treatment of posterior malleolus sandwich fractures

Zheng Jiafa, Song Xiufeng, Li Hongzhi, Zhou Jinming, Guan Shengyi, Yu He   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-03 Accepted:2022-12-06 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2023-07-12
  • Contact: Song Xiufeng, Master, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Zheng Jiafa, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

跟腱旁入路:紧贴跟腱的外侧缘或内侧缘切口,可充分显露后踝骨折块,达到直视下复位,并且操作空间大,有利于骨折块的固定。
后踝夹心形骨块:胫骨远端骨折线与后踝骨折块之间有游离骨块或轴向压缩塌陷骨块。


背景:踝关节骨折直视下精准复位已经成为足踝外科医生的共识,如何充分显露后踝的游离或压缩骨折块,仍然是具有挑战性的难题之一。

目的:探讨经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗后踝夹心形骨折的临床疗效。
方法:回顾性分析2020年1-12月大连市第二人民医院收治的26例后踝夹心形骨折患者的临床资料,均采用经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗,其中经跟腱外侧入路21例,经跟腱内侧入路5例;男19例,女7例;年龄24-69岁,平均38.6岁。记录手术时间,观察术后并发症情况;通过Burwell-Charnley影像学标准评价骨折复位情况;记录术前、术后3个月及末次随访时目测类比评分、踝关节跖屈及背伸活动度和美国足踝外科协会踝-后足功能评分,评估临床效果。

结果与结论:①26例患者均获随访,随访时间13-18个月,平均14.6个月;手术时间52-85 min,平均64.2 min;②1例患者术后外踝切口部分皮缘坏死,通过换药后完全愈合;其余患者手术切口均Ⅰ期愈合;③Burwell-Charnley影像学标准评价:24例解剖复位,2例复位良好,优良率为100%;④末次随访时目测类比评分为(1.19±0.40)分,较术前(6.81±0.80)分明显下降(P < 0.01);末次随访时踝关节跖屈为(33.5±5.02)°,踝关节背伸为(17.23±0.99)°,较术前(14.58±2.50)°、(5.81±1.02)°均明显增加(P < 0.01);美国足踝外科协会踝-后足功能评分为 (89.31±3.62)分,较术前(46.00±5.45)分明显升高(P < 0.01);其中优23例,良3例,优良率为100%;⑤提示经跟腱旁入路切开复位内固定治疗后踝夹心形骨折手术时间短,骨折复位良好,并发症少,关节活动度及功能恢复满意。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1625-5927(郑加法) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 踝损伤, 后踝夹心形骨折, 骨折固定术, 内固定, 手术入路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate reduction of ankle fractures under direct vision has become a common understanding among foot and ankle surgeons. How to fully expose free or compressed fragments of the posterior ankle remains one of the most challenging problems.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficiency of the para-Achilles tendon approach in exposing and repositioning the posterior malleolus sandwich fracture.
METHODS: A retrospective study was made for 26 patients with posterior malleolus sandwich fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation via para-Achilles tendon approach from January to December 2020 in The Second People’s Hospital of Dalian. 21 of 26 cases were managed with the lateral approach of Achilles tendon and 5 cases were managed with the medial approach of Achilles tendon. There were 19 males and 7 females, with the age of 24-69 years, averagely 38.6 years. The operation time and postoperative complications were recorded. The fracture reduction condition was evaluated by Burwell-Charnley imaging standard. Before operation, 3 months after operation and last follow-up, visual analog scale score, ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion and American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society Ankle Hind Score were used to evaluate the treatment effect.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All 26 patients were followed up for an average of 14.6 months (range 13-18 months). The operation time was 52-85 minutes (average 64.2 minutes). (2) Part of the skin edge of the lateral malleolus incision was necrotic in one patient and healed completely after a dressing change. Incision healing of the other patients was in one stage. (3) Through Burwell-Charnley imaging standard, anatomical reductions were obtained in 24 of 26, and good reductions were in 2 of 26, with an excellent and good rate of 100%. (4) At the last follow-up, the visual analog scale score (1.19±0.40) was significantly lower than the preoperative score (6.81±0.80) (P < 0.01). Ankle plantar flexion (33.5±5.02)° and ankle plantar back stretch (17.23±0.99)° were significantly increased compared with preoperative data (14.58±2.50)° and (5.81±1.02)° (P < 0.01). American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society Ankle Hind Score was improved to (89.31±3.62) points compared to preoperative (46.00±5.45) points (P < 0.01). The results were excellent in 23 patients and good in 3 patients, with an excellent and good rate of 100%. (5) It is concluded that the open reduction and internal fixation via the para-Achilles tendon approach for the treatment of posterior malleolus sandwich fracture were efficient with decreased operation time, satisfying fracture reduction, fewer complications, satisfactory motion range, and functional recovery.  

Key words: ankle injury, posterior malleolus sandwich fracture, fracture fixation, internal fixation, surgical approach 

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